The Vermilion Bird (Chinese: 朱雀; pinyin: Zhūquè) is one of the Four Symbols of the Chinese constellations. According to Wu Xing, the Taoist five elemental system, it represents the Fire element, the direction south, and the season of summer correspondingly. Thus it is sometimes called the Vermilion Bird of the South (Chinese: 南方朱雀, Nán Fāng Zhū Què). It is described as a red bird that resembles a pheasant with a five-colored plumage and is perpetually covered in flames. It is known as Suzaku in Japanese, Jujak in Korean and Chu Tước in Vietnamese.

Quick Facts Chinese, Literal meaning ...
Vermilion Bird
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Zhūquè sculpture on an eaves tile
Chinese朱雀
Literal meaning"Vermilion Peafowl"
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhūquè
Wade–GilesChu1-ch'üeh4
IPA[ʈʂu.tɕʰɥê]
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationJyūjeuk
JyutpingZyu1-zoek3
IPA[tsy˥.tsœk̚˧]
Southern Min
Hokkien POJChu-chhiok
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It is often mistaken for the Fenghuang due to similarities in appearance, but the two are different creatures.[1] The Fenghuang is a legendary ruler of birds who is associated with the Chinese Empress in the same way the dragon is associated with the Emperor, while the Vermilion Bird is a mythological spirit creature of the Chinese constellations.

Seven Mansions of the Vermilion Bird

As with the other three Symbols, there are seven astrological "Mansions" (positions of the Moon) within the Vermilion Bird. The names and determinative stars are:[2][3]

More information Mansion no., Name (pinyin) ...
Mansion no.Name (pinyin)TranslationDeterminative star
22 (Jǐng)Wellμ Gem
23 (Guǐ)Ghostθ Cnc
24 (Liǔ)Willowδ Hya
25 (Xīng)Starα Hya
26 (Zhāng)Extended Netυ¹ Hya
27 (Yì)Wingsα Crt
28 (Zhěn)Chariotγ Crv
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Nature of the symbol

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The Vermilion Bird on the gates of a Han dynasty mausoleum complex

The Vermilion Bird is elegant and noble in both appearance and behavior, with feathers in many different hues of vermilion. It is very selective about what it eats and where it perches.[citation needed]

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Han dynasty decorative bronze cup in the shape of zhuque, from Tomb of Dou Wan.

Stars

Four SymbolsMansion (Chinese name)RomanizationTranslationAsterisms (Chinese name)RomanizationTranslationWestern star nameChinese star nameRomanizationTranslation
Vermilion Bird of the South (南方朱雀) Guǐ Ghost 外廚 Wàichú Outer Kitchen
2 Hya外廚一Wàichúyī1st star
3 Hya / HD 74395外廚二Wàichúèr2nd star
14 Hya外廚三Wàichúsān3rd star
Liǔ Willow Liǔ Willow[4]
δ Hya
柳宿一Liǔxiùyī1st star
柳宿距星LiǔxiùjùxīngSeparated star
柳宿西头第三星Liǔxiùxītoudìsānxīng3rd star in the upper west
玉井西北星YùjǐngxīběixīngStar in northwest of Jade Well constellation
The thong
鹑火星ChúnhuǒxīngThe phoenix
σ Hya柳宿二Liǔxiùèr2nd star
η Hya柳宿三Liǔxiùsān3rd star
ρ Hya柳宿四Liǔxiùsì4th star
ε Hya柳宿五Liǔxiùwǔ5th star
ζ Hya柳宿六Liǔxiùliù6th star
ω Hya柳宿七Liǔxiùqī7th star
θ Hya柳宿八Liǔxiùbā8th star
Xīng Star Xīng Star[5]
α Hya
星宿一Xīngxiùyī1st star
星宿距星XīngxiùjùxīngSeparated star
星宿中央大星XīngxiùzhōngyāngdàxīngBig star in the center
τ1 Hya星宿二Xīngxiùèr2nd star
τ2 Hya星宿三Xīngxiùsān3rd star
ι Hya星宿四Xīngxiùsì4th star
26 Hya星宿五Xīngxiùwǔ5th star
27 Hya星宿六Xīngxiùliù6th star
HD 82477 & HD 82428星宿七Xīngxiùqī7th star
Zhāng Extended Net Zhāng Extended Net[6]
υ1 Hya張宿一Zhāngxiùyī1st star
λ Hya張宿二Zhāngxiùèr2nd star
μ Hya張宿三Zhāngxiùsān3rd star
HD 87344張宿四Zhāngxiùsì4th star
κ Hya張宿五Zhāngxiùwǔ5th star
φ Hya張宿六Zhāngxiùliù6th star
Wings Wings[7][8]
ν Hya翼宿五Yìxiùwǔ5th star
HD 100307翼宿十八Yìxiùshíbā18th star
HD 96819翼宿十九Yìxiùshíjiǔ19th star
χ1 Hya翼宿二十Yìxiùèrshí20th star
HD 102620翼宿二十一Yìxiùèrshíyī21st star
HD 103462翼宿二十二Yìxiùèrshíèr22nd star
Zhěn Chariot 青丘 Qīngqiū Green Hill[9]
β Hya
青丘一Qīngqiūyī1st star
土公西星TǔgōngxīxīngStar in the west of Official for Earthworks and Buildings constellation
HD 103596青丘二Qīngqiūèr2nd star
17 Crt[10]青丘三Qīngqiūsān3rd star
HD 100393青丘四Qīngqiūsì4th star
ξ Hya青丘五Qīngqiūwu5th star
ο Hya青丘七Qīngqiūqī7th star
軍門JūnménMilitary GateHD 104309軍門一Jūnményī1st star

See also

References

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