Upington

For the village in Shropshire, see Uppington.

Upington (Khoekhoe: ǁKhara hais) is a town founded in 1873 and located in the Northern Cape province of South Africa, on the banks of the Orange River. The town was originally called Olijvenhoutsdrift ('Olive wood drift'), due to the abundance of olive wood trees^{[clarification needed]} in the area, but later renamed after Sir Thomas Upington, Attorney-General and then Prime Minister of the Cape. It originated as a mission station established in 1871 and run by Reverend Christiaan Schröder. The mission station now houses the Kalahari Orange Museum. The museum is also the home of a donkey statue, which recognises the enormous contribution that this animal made to the development of the region during the pioneering days of the 19th century.

Upington ǁKhara hais (Khoekhoe)
Town
Aerial view of Upington's Central Business District
Upington Show map of Northern Cape Upington Show map of South Africa Upington Show map of Africa
Coordinates: 28.45°S 21.25°E / -28.45; 21.25
Country	South Africa
Province	Northern Cape
District	ZF Mgcawu
Municipality	Dawid Kruiper
Established	1873[1]
Government
• Type	Local Municipality
• Mayor	Limakatso Koloi[2] (ANC)
Area [3]
• Total	580.8 km2 (224.2 sq mi)
Elevation	835 m (2,740 ft)
Population  (2011)[3]
• Total	74,834
• Density	130/km2 (330/sq mi)
Racial makeup (2011) [3]
• Black African	25.6%
• Coloured	62.6%
• Indian/Asian	0.6%
• White	10.1%
• Other	1.1%
First languages (2011) [3]
• Afrikaans	85.5%
• Xhosa	6.1%
• Tswana	3.2%
• English	2.1%
• Other	3.1%
Time zone	UTC+2 (SAST)
Postal code (street)	8800
PO box	8800
Area code	+27 (0)54
Website	www.kharahais.gov.za www.greenkalahari.co.za

The elevation of Upington is 2,742 feet (835 metres). It is the closest large centre to the Augrabies Falls (arguably the greatest of South African waterfalls) and the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park. The landscape is very arid but the soil is fertile and crops such as fruit are grown in irrigated fields. The area is best known for its export-quality grapes, raisins and wines, which are cultivated on the rich flood plains of the Orange River.

The Upington 26

On 13 November 1985, a black policeman was killed following a disturbance at a political meeting in Paballelo, a black township on the outskirts of Upington. Twenty-six people were charged with the killing, of whom twenty-five were convicted of murder on the basis of common purpose, and one convicted of attempted murder. Fourteen were sentenced to death, although the death sentences were later overturned on appeal.^[4][5][6][7] In 2011, a memorial in honour of the Upington 26 was unveiled in Upington by Hazel Jenkins, the Premier of the Northern Cape.^[8] In 2014, the Australian film A Common Purpose was made about the case.^[9][10]

Wine industry

Upington's most famous wines are produced by an organisation known as Orange River Cellars. The organisation has six depots in the area (all of them on the banks of the Orange River) at Upington, Kanoneiland, Grootdrink, Kakamas, Keimoes and Groblershoop. Their wines are exported, inter alia, to Europe and the USA.

Transportation

Passenger train in Upington station

Upington Airport has scheduled flights provided by SA Airlink.^[11] Due to the combination of high elevation and temperature, one of the airport's runways is 4,900 m long^[12] (the fourth longest in the world), and thus allows Boeing 747 and other heavy aircraft to use the airport without limitations on take-off weight.

Nelson Mandela Drive in the Upington CBD

In the first half of the 20th century, there was a passenger train service from Cape Town to Upington. Until the 1950s, a narrow-gauge railway line (two-foot gauge) ran from Upington to Kakamas and Keimoes, two nearby towns. The trains carried passengers and freight, being mainly dried fruit. The line to Kakamas was still in use during the November 2010 grape harvest season.^[13]

Public institutions

There are four libraries that serve the community in Upington, viz, Rosedale Library, Upington Library, Korrektiewe and Forum Library.^[14]

Geography and climate

Upington
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D     24     36 20     35     34 20     37     32 18     26     28 13     10     24 8     4     21 5     2     21 4     4     23 6     4     27 9     9     30 13     17     33 16     17     35 19 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C █ Precipitation totals in mm Source: SAWS[15]
Imperial conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     0.9     97 68     1.4     93 68     1.5     90 64     1     82 55     0.4     75 46     0.2     70 41     0.1     70 39     0.2     73 43     0.2     81 48     0.4     86 55     0.7     91 61     0.7     95 66 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F █ Precipitation totals in inches

Upington is located on the northern banks of the Orange River and is surrounded by irrigated vineyards.^[16] The hottest month of the year is January, with average daily temperatures swinging from 36 °C (97 °F) to 20 °C (68 °F), while in the coolest month of July temperatures range between 21 °C (70 °F) and 4 °C (39 °F).^[15] Also the driest month of the year, July sees an average rainfall of only 2 millimetres (0.079 in), while the wettest month of March sees 37 millimetres (1.5 in). Upington has been noted as being the sunniest location on the planet for three months of the year, from November through January.^[17]

Upington has a hot desert climate (BWh) with long, hot summers and short, mild winters. Precipitation peaks during late summertime.

Climate data for Upington (1991−2020, extremes 1951–1990)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	42.3 (108.1)	44.1 (111.4)	42.3 (108.1)	38.1 (100.6)	33.7 (92.7)	30.4 (86.7)	29.5 (85.1)	33.6 (92.5)	39.3 (102.7)	40.5 (104.9)	42.0 (107.6)	44.4 (111.9)	44.4 (111.9)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	36.4 (97.5)	35.7 (96.3)	33.6 (92.5)	29.3 (84.7)	25.6 (78.1)	21.8 (71.2)	21.7 (71.1)	23.9 (75.0)	28.0 (82.4)	31.2 (88.2)	33.4 (92.1)	35.7 (96.3)	29.7 (85.5)
Daily mean °C (°F)	28.3 (82.9)	27.9 (82.2)	25.8 (78.4)	21.4 (70.5)	17.1 (62.8)	13.1 (55.6)	12.9 (55.2)	14.7 (58.5)	18.6 (65.5)	22.4 (72.3)	24.7 (76.5)	27.2 (81.0)	21.2 (70.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	20.2 (68.4)	20.0 (68.0)	17.9 (64.2)	13.4 (56.1)	8.6 (47.5)	4.3 (39.7)	4.1 (39.4)	5.4 (41.7)	9.2 (48.6)	13.5 (56.3)	16.0 (60.8)	18.6 (65.5)	12.6 (54.7)
Record low °C (°F)	6.7 (44.1)	7.6 (45.7)	4.7 (40.5)	−1.7 (28.9)	−5.2 (22.6)	−7.9 (17.8)	−7.8 (18.0)	−7.0 (19.4)	−3.5 (25.7)	−1.7 (28.9)	4.4 (39.9)	5.7 (42.3)	−7.9 (17.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	39.5 (1.56)	38.8 (1.53)	44.7 (1.76)	18.5 (0.73)	10.1 (0.40)	5.1 (0.20)	3.3 (0.13)	1.2 (0.05)	3.5 (0.14)	15.1 (0.59)	13.9 (0.55)	21.9 (0.86)	215.6 (8.49)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)	4.1	4.0	4.4	2.6	1.2	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.6	1.8	2.2	2.6	25.0
Average relative humidity (%)	33	39	44	49	49	50	45	39	35	33	31	30	40
Mean monthly sunshine hours	344.3	292.3	302.3	285.4	285.7	268.6	285.7	298.6	299.5	326.5	332.1	351.8	3,672.9
Source 1: NOAA (humidity 1961-1990),[18][19] Deutscher Wetterdienst (extremes)[20]
Source 2: South African Weather Service[15]

Notable natives and residents

• Chris Brink – mathematician, vice-chancellor of Newcastle University in England, vice-chancellor and rector of Stellenbosch University
• Ruben Cloete – footballer for the South Africa national soccer team
• Alice Krige – actress
• Tiaan Strauss - rugby union player for Western Province and for the South African and for Australian national rugby union teams
• Shaleen Surtie-Richards - actress
• Christo Wiese - businessman
• Cobus Wiese - rugby union player
• Jasper Wiese – rugby union player for the South Africa national rugby union team

Gallery

• 
  4900 m airport runway
• 
  Golf course
• 
  View from "Die Eiland" holiday resort

Sport

Upington have a professional football club named Upington City F.C.

See also

• Vastrap, South Africa's former nuclear weapons test range.

References

1. "Upington". Archived from the original on 14 March 2010. Retrieved 27 March 2009.
2. Dawid Kruiper Municipality website
3. Sum of the Main Places Upington and Paballelo from Census 2011.
4. Wren, Christopher S. (27 May 1989). "Judge Condemns 14 South Africa Blacks". The New York Times.
5. Dicker, Richard (23 June 1989). "South African Justice". The Christian Science Monitor. Boston.
6. Carlin, John (4 December 2004). "Justice served". The Independent. London.
7. "Upington 26". Truth Commission Special Report. SABC. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
8. "Premier Hazel Jenkins and MEC Pauline Williams to unveil the Memorial in honour of the Upington 26". South African Government. 18 March 2011.
9. "A Common Purpose". Icarus Films. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
10. O'Hara, Marguerite (2013). "A Common Purpose - Study Guide" (PDF). Australian Teachers of Media.
11. "flyairlink". flyairlink. Retrieved 20 March 2023.
12. "Upington". World Aero Data. Aviation Networks, Inc. Archived from the original on 19 July 2012. Retrieved 26 March 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
13. "FLOOD AT UPINGTON | Railways Africa". Archived from the original on 3 April 2012.
14. "Library Directory". Library Directory. National Library of South Africa. Archived from the original on 11 May 2023. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
15. "Climate data for Upington". South African Weather Service. Archived from the original on 4 March 2012. Retrieved 7 March 2010.
16. Pinchuck, Tony; Barbara McCrea; Donald Reid (July 2002). Rough guide to South Africa, Lesotho & Swaziland. Rough Guides. pp. 319, 322. ISBN 978-1-85828-853-6. Retrieved 28 May 2010.
17. Osborn, Liz. "Sunniest Places and Countries in the World". Current Results. Retrieved 16 November 2012.
18. "Upington Climate Normals 1961−1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 21 November 2013.
19. "Climate Normals 1991-2020". NOAA. Retrieved 18 September 2018.
20. "Klimatafel von Upington/Oranjefluß, Kapland / Südafrika" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 7 February 2016.

External links

• Additional information about Upington Airport
• The Orange River Wine Cellars Home Page
• Upington Business Directory
• Racially motivated land dispossession in Gordonia: Memorial lecture on the 1913 Natives Land Act