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TV test pattern for the SECAM colour standard developed in the Soviet Union. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
UEIT - Universal Electronic Test Chart (russian: УЭИТ - Универсальная электронная испытательная таблица) is a Soviet/Russian test card, designed to test TVs operating in the analogue SECAM colour standard.[1][2][3]
UEIT was developed by N. G. Deryugin and V. A. Minaev at the NII Radio Scientific Research Institute as the successor to the monochrome ТИТ-0249 test card[4] with the informal name of "Colour Prevention Table" (TCP).[5][6][7] This was the second attempt by the Soviets to create a colour test card, since previous efforts undertaken in 1954 (the ТИТ-0154 test card)[8] in conjunction with the early prototype NIIR/SECAM IV colour television system, were abandoned in favour of regular SECAM III B. On the golden jubilee year of the October Revolution in 1967, colour broadcasts debuted in both Moscow and Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg).
Experimental broadcasts using the first three prototype versions of the UEIT (one of which was a modification of the Hungarian HTV TR.0782 test card;[9] but all were collectively referred to as UEIT-1) began from the Ostankino Tower transmitter in 1970, with results being used to create the current version of the test pattern. This new version, called UEIT-2, was introduced in 1971 with several GOST-approved modifications up to 1986, and was used on terrestrial broadcast and on point-to-point links throughout the Soviet Union.[10]
The prototypes and current version of the UEIT were used on Soviet television services: six national channels ("First Programme", All Union Programme, Moscow Programme, Fourth Programme, Fifth Programme and the Sixth Programme) and Third Programme/regional stations.[11] It was also used in some Soviet Republics and allied countries like the Estonian SSR,[12] Latvian SSR,[13] Lithuanian SSR,[14] Kirghiz SSR, Byelorussian SSR, Ukrainian SSR,[15] Kazakh SSR, Tajik SSR and the Georgian SSR, as well as Cuba. It continued to be used on post-Soviet times in Russia and some former Soviet republics and allies.[16][17][18][19]
The card was replaced by digital versions with the switch to digital broadcasting in Russia using the DVB-T2 standard by late-2019.[20][21]
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The UEIT allowed to adjust image geometry and picture settings such as brightness, contrast and colour saturation. Other more technical adjustments were also possible, such as cathode-ray tube focus and raster distortions.
The card features the following elements:
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