United Christian Democrats

The United Christian Democrats (Italian: Cristiani Democratici Uniti, CDU) was a minor Christian democratic^[2] political party in Italy. The CDU was a member of the European People's Party from 1995 until 2002.^[3]

United Christian Democrats Cristiani Democratici Uniti
Leader	Rocco Buttiglione
Founded	23 July 1995
Dissolved	6 December 2002
Split from	Italian People's Party
Merged into	Union of Christian and Centre Democrats
Ideology	Christian democracy Social conservatism
Political position	Centre to centre-right[1]
European affiliation	European People's Party
European Parliament group	European People's Party
Colors	Light blue
Politics of Italy Political parties Elections

History

The party was started in 1995 by splinters of the Italian People's Party (PPI) who wanted to join forces with Silvio Berlusconi's Forza Italia (FI).^[4][5] The split was led by Rocco Buttiglione (outgoing secretary of the PPI), Roberto Formigoni and Gianfranco Rotondi. The CDU's symbol used the crusader shield (scudo crociato) of Christian Democracy.^[6] In the 1995 regional elections the CDU formed joint lists with FI and Roberto Formigoni was elected President of Lombardy, while in 1996 it formed an alliance with the Christian Democratic Centre (CCD) for the 1996 general election, in which the CCD-CDU list scored 5.6%.

In June 1998 Buttiglione led the party into the Democratic Union for the Republic (UDR), a new Christian-democratic outfit launched by Francesco Cossiga and Clemente Mastella, who had left CCD to form the Christian Democrats for the Republic (CDR). In October, when Buttiglione briefly decided to support the centre-left government of Massimo D'Alema, along with the UDR, Roberto Formigoni, Raffaele Fitto, Maurizio Lupi and several regional councillors in Veneto, Lombardy and Piedmont left the party to form the Christian Democrats for Freedom, which was later merged into Forza Italia.

In February 1999 the UDR split between supporters of Cossiga, who formed the Union for the Republic (UpR), and the supporters of Mastella, who formed the Union of Democrats for Europe (UDEur). In the event, Buttiglione re-established the CDU as an independent party and started a rapprochement with Berlusconi.

In the 1999 European Parliament election the CDU obtained 2.2% and two MEPs, Buttiglione and Vitaliano Gemelli.

In the 2001 general election it formed an electoral alliance with CCD, known as the White Flower, gaining 3.2% of the vote.^[7] Following the election, Buttiglione was appointed Minister of European Affairs in Berlusconi II Cabinet. In December 2002 the CDU, the CCD and European Democracy (2.3% in 2001) were merged into the Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (UDC),^[8] of which Buttiglione was elected president, an office he would hold for twelve years.

Electoral results

Italian Parliament

Chamber of Deputies
Election year	Votes	%	Seats	+/−	Leader
1996	2,189,563 (7th)	5.8[a]	11 / 630	–	Rocco Buttiglione
2001	1,194,040 (8th)	3.2[a]	17 / 630	6	Rocco Buttiglione

1. In a joint list with Christian Democratic Centre

Senate of the Republic
Election year	Votes	%	Seats	+/−	Leader
1996	with Pole for Freedoms		10 / 315	–	Rocco Buttiglione
2001	with House of Freedoms		8 / 315	2	Rocco Buttiglione

European Parliament

European Parliament
Election year	Votes	%	Seats	+/−	Leader
1999	669,919 (11th)	2.2	2 / 72	–	Rocco Buttiglione

Leadership

• Secretary: Rocco Buttiglione (1995–2002)
• President: Roberto Formigoni (1995–1998), Mario Tassone (1998–2002)

References

1. John Kenneth White; Philip Davies (1998). Political Parties and the Collapse of the Old Orders. SUNY Press. p. 86. ISBN 978-0-7914-4067-4.
2. Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko; Matti Mälkiä (2007). Encyclopedia of Digital Government. Idea Group Inc (IGI). p. 396. ISBN 978-1-59140-790-4.
3. Thomas Jansen; Steven Van Hecke (2011). At Europe's Service: The Origins and Evolution of the European People's Party. Springer. p. 51. ISBN 978-3-642-19413-9. Retrieved 19 August 2012.
4. Martin J. Bull; James Newell (2005). Italian Politics: Adjustment Under Duress. Polity. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-7456-1298-0.
5. Bernard A. Cook, ed. (2001). Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis. p. 670. ISBN 978-0-8153-4057-7.
6. "Se Tassone vuole risvegliare il Cdu".
7. Tim Bale (2013). Immigration and Integration Policy in Europe: Why Politics – and the Centre-Right – Matter. Routledge. p. 37. ISBN 978-1-317-96827-6.
8. Mark F. Gilbert; K. Robert Nilsson; Robert K. Nilsson (2010). The A to Z of Modern Italy. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 436. ISBN 978-0-8108-7210-3.