Udvornici

The udvornici, also udvarniks or royal serving people (Hungarian: udvarnokok, Slovak: dvorníci),^[1] was a class of half-free people who were obliged to provide well-specified services to the royal court in the medieval Kingdom of Hungary.^[2][3] They seem to have been descended from the Slavic population which was subjugated during the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin.^[2] Word udvornici is derived from slavic "U dvora", meaning "at/near the (royal) court". Their lord was the monarch, but they were administered by the Palatine.^[4][2]

References

1. Draskóczy 1994, p. 696.
2. Engel 2001, p. 74.
3. Rady 2000, p. 18.
4. Berend, Urbańczyk & Wiszewski 2013, p. 194.

Sources

• Berend, Nora; Urbańczyk, Przemysław; Wiszewski, Przemysław (2013). Central Europe in the High Middle Ages: Bohemia, Hungary and Poland, c. 900-c. 1300. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-78156-5.
• Draskóczy, István (1994). "udvarnok". In Kristó, Gyula; Engel, Pál; Makk, Ferenc (eds.). Korai magyar történeti lexikon (9–14. század) [Encyclopedia of the Early Hungarian History (9th–14th centuries)] (in Hungarian). Akadémiai Kiadó. p. 696. ISBN 963-05-6722-9.
• Engel, Pál (2001). The Realm of St Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895–1526. I.B. Tauris Publishers. ISBN 1-86064-061-3.
• Rady, Martyn (2000). Nobility, Land and Service in Medieval Hungary. Palgrave. ISBN 0-333-80085-0.