USS Anthony (DD-172)

For other ships with the same name, see USS Anthony.

USS Anthony (DD-172) was a Wickes-class destroyer built for the United States Navy during World War I.

USS Anthony, in Pacific Coast waters, circa 1920
History
United States
Namesake	William Anthony
Builder	Union Iron Works, San Francisco, California
Cost	$1,395,393 (hull and machinery)[1]
Laid down	18 April 1918
Launched	10 August 1918
Commissioned	19 June 1919
Decommissioned	30 June 1922
Reclassified	DM-12, 16 November 1920
Stricken	1 December 1936
Fate	Sunk as target, 22 July 1937
General characteristics
Class and type	Wickes-class destroyer
Displacement	1,202–1,208 long tons (1,221–1,227 t) (standard) 1,295–1,322 long tons (1,316–1,343 t) (deep load)
Length	314 ft 4 in (95.8 m)
Beam	30 ft 11 in (9.42 m)
Draught	9 ft 10 in (3.0 m)
Installed power	27,000 shp (20,000 kW) 4 water-tube boilers
Propulsion	2 shafts, 2 steam turbines
Speed	35 knots (65 km/h; 40 mph) (design)
Range	2,500 nautical miles (4,600 km; 2,900 mi) at 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph) (design)
Complement	6 officers, 108 enlisted men
Armament	4 × single 4-inch (102 mm) guns 2 × single 1-pounder AA guns 4 × triple 21 inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes 2 × depth charge rails

Description

The Wickes class was an improved and faster version of the preceding Caldwell-class. Two different designs were prepared to the same specification that mainly differed in the turbines and boilers used. The ships built to the Bethlehem Steel design, built in the Fore River and Union Iron Works shipyards, mostly used Yarrow boilers that deteriorated badly during service and were mostly scrapped during the 1930s.^[2] The ships displaced 1,202–1,208 long tons (1,221–1,227 t) at standard load and 1,295–1,322 long tons (1,316–1,343 t) at deep load. They had an overall length of 314 feet 4 inches (95.8 m), a beam of 30 feet 11 inches (9.4 m) and a draught of 9 feet 10 inches (3.0 m). They had a crew of 6 officers and 108 enlisted men.^[3]

Performance differed radically between the ships of the class, often due to poor workmanship. The Wickes class was powered by two steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam provided by four water-tube boilers. The turbines were designed to produce a total of 27,000 shaft horsepower (20,000 kW) intended to reach a speed of 35 knots (65 km/h; 40 mph). The ships carried 225 long tons (229 t) of fuel oil which was intended gave them a range of 2,500 nautical miles (4,600 km; 2,900 mi) at 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph).^[4]

The ships were armed with four 4-inch (102 mm) guns in single mounts and were fitted with two 1-pounder guns for anti-aircraft defense. Their primary weapon, though, was their torpedo battery of a dozen 21 inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes in four triple mounts. In many ships a shortage of 1-pounders caused them to be replaced by 3-inch (76 mm) anti-aircraft (AA) guns.^[2] They also carried a pair of depth charge rails. A "Y-gun" depth charge thrower was added to many ships.^[5]

Construction and career

Anthony, named for Marine Sergeant Major William Anthony, was launched 10 August 1918 by Union Iron Works, San Francisco, California; sponsored by Miss Grace Heathcote; commissioned 19 June 1919 Commander D. A. Scott in command; and reported to Destroyer Division Pacific. Anthony operated on the west coast between San Diego and Bremerton, Washington, until June 1921. She sailed on 8 September 1919 from San Francisco to Port Angeles, Washington, to attend the ceremonies of the newly organized Pacific Fleet. Anthony visited Victoria, British Columbia, 11 September and returned Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels to Bremerton on 12 September. On 13 September she passed review, with other units of the fleet, before President Woodrow Wilson in Oregon (BB-3) and, on 14 September before the Secretary of the Navy.

On 16 November 1920 Anthony was designated a light minelayer, DM-12. In October 1921 she joined Mine Division 1, Mine Squadron 2 and operated in the Pearl Harbor area until placed out of commission on 30 June 1922 at Pearl Harbor. She was towed to San Diego in 1937, used as a target, and sunk off the California coast on 22 July 1937.

Notes

1. "Table 21 - Ships on Navy List June 30, 1919". Congressional Serial Set. U.S. Government Printing Office: 762. 1921.
2. Gardiner & Gray, p. 124
3. Friedman, pp. 401–03
4. Friedman, pp. 39–42, 401–03
5. Friedman, p. 45

References

• Friedman, Norman (1982). U.S. Destroyers: An Illustrated Design History. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-733-X.
• Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal, eds. (1985). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
•  This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here.

External links

• history.navy.mil: USS Anthony Archived 13 February 2005 at the Wayback Machine
• NavSource Photos