Turks in Hungary
Ethnic group in Hungary From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Turks in Hungary, also referred to as Turkish Hungarians and Hungarian Turks, (Hungarian: Magyarországi törökök, Turkish: Macaristan Türkleri) refers to ethnic Turks living in Hungary.
History
The Turkish people first began to migrate predominantly from Anatolia during the Ottoman rule of Hungary (1541-1699). A second wave of Ottoman-Turkish migration occurred in the late 19th century when relations between the Ottoman Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Empire improved; most of these immigrants settled in Budapest.[2] Moreover, there has also been a recent migration of Turks from the Republic of Turkey, as well as other post-Ottoman states (such as Bulgaria).[3]
Culture
Language
Most Hungarian Turks are bilingual and can speak both Turkish and Hungarian. Moreover, due to the Ottoman rule during the 16th-17th centuries, the Turkish language has also influenced greater Hungarian society; today, there are still numerous Turkish loanwords in the Hungarian language.[4]
Religion
The Turkish people, alongside the Arabs, make up the majority of the Muslim population in Hungary.[6] Several Ottoman-Turkish historical mosques are used by the Muslim community, including the Yakovali Hassan Pasha Mosque in Pécs, and the Malkoch Bey Mosque in Siklos.[7]
- The Eger minaret.
- Mosque of Pasha Qasim in Pécs (now a church).
- Malkoch Bey Mosque in Siklos
- Yakovali Hassan Mosque in Pécs
Population
According to the 2001 census, 2,711 inhabitants declared their language under the "Turkish language family", of which, the majority (57.73%) stated that they belonged to the "Ottoman Turkish" ethnicity (1,565).[1] Furthermore, 12 individuals declared to be "Turk" and 91 "Romanian-Turkish" (see Turks of Romania); the rest declared other Turkic ethnicities.[1] In the 2011 census 5,209 inhabitants declared themselves under "Török nyelvek" ("Turkish languages"); however, the publication does not show the distinction between different Turkic groups.[8]
In addition, there is also approximately 2,500 recent Turkish immigrants from Turkey living in Hungary.[9]
Organizations and associations
In 2005 the Turkish community, alongside ethnic Hungarian Muslims, established "The Dialogue Platform".[10] By 2012, a new Turkish cultural association the "Gül Baba Turkish-Hungarian Cultural Association" was established in Szentendre, near Budapest.[10]
Notable people
- Zakaria Erzinçlioğlu, Britain's leading forensic entomologist[11]
- György Ekrem-Kemál, far-right politician (Turkish father and Hungarian mother)[12]
- İbrahim Peçevi, Ottoman historian-chronicler (Turkish father and Bosnian mother); his name means "İbrahim of Pécs"
- Can Togay, actor, film director, and creator of the Shoes on the Danube Bank Holocaust memorial[13]
See also
References
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