The giant tree-rat (Toromys grandis) is a species in the family Echimyidae, the spiny rats. It is the only species in the monotypic genus Toromys. It is endemic to Brazil, where it occurs in the flooded forest along the banks of the Amazon River and its tributaries.[1]

Quick Facts Conservation status, Scientific classification ...
Giant tree-rat
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Rodentia
Superfamily: Octodontoidea
Family: Echimyidae
Subfamily: Echimyinae
Tribe: Echimyini
Genus: Toromys
Iack-Ximenes, De Vivo, & Percequillo, 2005
Species:
T. grandis
Binomial name
Toromys grandis
(Wagner, 1845)
Synonyms

Loncheres grandis Wagner, 1845
Echimys grandis (Wagner, 1845)
Makalata grandis (Wagner, 1845)

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This species was formerly considered to be a member of the genera Loncheres and Makalata. In 2005 it was reclassified as the only member of the new genus Toromys.[2]

The etymology of the genus name derives from the onomatopoeic Portuguese word toró, referring to the vocalizations of this rodent, and the ancient greek word μῦς (mûs), meaning "mouse, rat".[3][4]

Phylogeny

Toromys is the sister genus to Pattonomys. These taxa are closely related to Echimys, Phyllomys, and Makalata, reflecting the fact that Toromys grandis and Pattonomys occasius have formerly been placed in Makalata by some authorities.[5] In turn, these five genera share phylogenetic affinities with a clade containing the bamboo rats Dactylomys, Olallamys, Kannabateomys together with Diplomys and Santamartamys.[6]

Genus-level cladogram of the Echimyini.
Echimyini 
         

  Isothrix

  "Eumysopines"  
         
         
         
         

  Pattonomys

  Toromys
  (Giant tree-rat)

         

  Makalata

The cladogram has been reconstructed from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA characters.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][6]

References

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