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Language family From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Timotean languages were spoken in the Venezuelan Andes around what is now Mérida. It is assumed that they are extinct. However, Timote may survive in the so-far unattested Mutú (Loco) language, as this occupies a mountain village (Mutús) within the old Timote state.[1][2]
| Timótean | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution | Venezuela |
| Linguistic classification | Timotean |
| Subdivisions | |
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | (not evaluated) |
Timote and Cuica toponyms | |
There is no apparent connection to the Chibchan, Arawakan, or Cariban families, apart from sporadic resemblances with Paez and some divergent Chibchan languages, so Timotean appears to be an independent family.
Jolkesky (2016) also notes that there are lexical similarities with the Jirajaran languages.[3]
There were two closely related languages, each a pair of dialects:
Traditionally, Mucuchí and Mirripú have been classified as dialects of Timote, with Cuica as a distinct language, but the data in Loukotka (1968)[4] indicates that Cuica is a dialect of Timote, and that Mucuchí–Mirripú are a separate language (Kaufman 2007; Campbell 1997, 2012).
Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items for Timotean languages.[4]
| gloss | Timote | Cuica | Mocochi | Mirripú |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| one | kári | karí | karí | karí |
| two | gem | xem | xem | xem |
| three | shuént | shuent | shut | sut |
| head | ki-kushám | ki-kushan | kisham | |
| ear | ki-kumeu | ki-kumeu | ti-subú | |
| tooth | ki-kunñuch | chi-runch | ||
| man | kiukiai | kiukiai | kaʔak | kage |
| water | shömpú | shombuch | shimpué | shimpú |
| fire | shirup | shnopa | churup | chirup |
| sun | nareúpa | nareupa | umpú | |
| maize | chxá | chxa | chixsak | chipxak |
| bird | kiukchú | kchu | ||
| house | kurakata | kfok | shimanakot | sharakot |
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