Timeline of Kyoto

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Kyoto, Kyoto Prefecture, Honshu island, Japan.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Prior to 19th century

• 794 CE - Kanmu relocates Japanese capital to Heian-kyō from Nagaoka-kyō.^[1][2]
• 947 - Kitano Shrine built.
• 970 - Gion Festival begins.^[3]
• 1202 - Zen Buddhist Kennin-ji (temple) founded in Higashiyama by Eisai.
• 1319 - Daitoku-ji Temple built.^[4]
• 1397 - Kinkaku-ji (Temple of the Golden Pavilion) founded.^[5]
• 1431 - Famine.^[5]
• 1444 - Political protest by merchants, at Kitano Shrine.^[6]
• 1467 - Ōnin War begins.^[7]
• 1480 - Ikkō-ikki unrest.^[8]
• 1560 - Aritsugu swordsmith in business.
• 1586
  • Jurakudai (palace) built.
  • Hōkō-ji (temple) founded.^[9]
  • Tenshō earthquake brings destruction and kills many.^[10]
• 1788 - Great Kyoto Fire.^[11]

19th century

• 1854 - Kyoto Imperial Palace rebuilt.^[11]
• 1869 - Japanese imperial capital relocated from Kyoto to Tokyo.^[11]
• 1871
  • Tokyo-Osaka-Kyoto postal service begins.^[12]
  • Kyoto Prefecture created.^[13]
• 1872 - Exhibition of Arts and Manufactures held.^{[citation needed]}
• 1875 - Protestant Doshisha English School established.^[14]
• 1877 - Kyōto Station opens.
• 1879 - Kamigyō-ku and Shimogyō-ku ward established.^{[citation needed]}
• 1886 - Maruyama Park opens.
• 1887 - Population: 264,559.^[15]
• 1888 - Takocho (eatery) in business.^[16]
• 1890 - Lake Biwa Canal built.^[17]
• 1893 - Population: 317,270.^[18]
• 1895
  • Kyoto Electric Railway begins operating.
  • National Industrial Exposition (Japan) [ja] held in Kyoto;^[19][20] Heian Shrine built.^[14]
• 1897
  • Imperial University of Kyoto established.^[13]
  • Chūgai Nippō [ja] religious newspaper begins publication.
• 1899 - Kyoto Camera Club formed.^[21]
• 1900 - Miyako Hotel in business.^[4]

20th century

• 1903
  • Kyoto Municipal Zoo established.^[22]
  • Population: 379,404.^[17]
• 1904 - Japan's first ekiben (boxed lunch) sold in Kyoto.^[12]
• 1909
  • Kyoto Commercial Museum opens.^[23]
  • Population: 442,402.^[24]
• 1913
  • Hirase Conchological Museum opens.^[25]
  • Population: 509,380.^[18]
• 1918 - Population: 670,357.^[18]
• 1921 - Higashiyama-ku ward created.^{[citation needed]}
• 1922 - Kyoto Sanga Football Club formed.
• 1924 - Kyoto Botanical Garden established.^[26]
• 1925
  • December: Kyoto Gakuren incident [ja] occurs.^[27]
  • Population: 679,963.^[28]
• 1928 - Hirohito's imperial enthronement ceremony held in Kyoto.^[14]
• 1929
  • Nakagyō-ku and Sakyō-ku wards created.^{[citation needed]}
  • City hosts Institute of Pacific Relations conference.
• 1930 - Population: 765,142
• 1931 - Fushimi-ku and Ukyō-ku wards created.^{[citation needed]}
• 1934 - Salon de thé François (café) opens.
• 1940 - Population: 1,089,726.^[18]
• 1942
  • Kyoto Shimbun newspaper in publication.^[3]
  • Nishikyogoku Athletic Stadium opens.
• 1945 - Population: 866,153.^[29]
• 1946 - November: National Sports Festival of Japan held in Kyoto.^[30]
• 1950 - Population: 1,101,854.^[18]
• 1955 - Kita-ku and Minami-ku wards created.^{[citation needed]}
• 1956 - Kyoto designated a government ordinance city.^[31]
• 1960
  • Kyoto Kaikan (concert hall) opens.
  • National Christian Council Center for the Study of Japanese Religions founded.^[32]
• 1964 - Kyoto Tower erected.
• 1969 - Kyoto Computer Gakuin (school) established.
• 1970 - October: Kyoto hosts World Conference of Religions for Peace.^[33]
• 1975 - Population: 1,460,000.^[34]
• 1976 - Nishikyō-ku and Yamashina-ku wards created.^{[citation needed]}
• 1981 - Kyoto Municipal Subway begins operating.
• 1987 - City hosts World Conference of Historical Cities.^[35]
• 1988 - Nettowāku Kyōto (magazine) in publication.^[36]
• 1994 - Kyoto UNESCO World Heritage Site established.^[37]
• 1995 - Kyoto Concert Hall opens.
• 1996 - Yorikane Masumoto elected mayor.
• 1997
  • Kyōto Station rebuilt.
  • City hosts signing of the Kyoto Protocol.
• 2000
  • Kyoto Art Center opens.
  • Population: 1,467,705.^[38]

21st century

• 2001 - Movix Kyoto (cinema) opens.^[39]
• 2008 - February 17: 2008 Kyoto mayoral election held; Daisaku Kadokawa wins.^[40]
• 2011 - Population: 1,473,746.
• 2012 - February 5: 2012 Kyoto mayoral election held.
• 2019 – July 18: An arson fire burned down the original Kyoto Animation studio. 36 employees were killed.

See also

• Kyoto history
• List of mayors of Kyoto [ja]
• List of Buddhist temples in Kyoto
• List of Shinto shrines in Kyoto

References

1. Webster's Geographical Dictionary, US: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, p. 582, OL 5812502M
2. Kenneth Henshall (2014). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Japan to 1945. US: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7872-3.
3. "Chronology of Kyoto Culture". Kyoto City Web. City of Kyoto. Retrieved May 30, 2014.
4. Röpke 1999.
5. Kozo Yamamura, ed. (1990). "Chronology of Medieval Period". Medieval Japan. Cambridge History of Japan. Vol. 3. Cambridge University Press. p. 31+. ISBN 0521223520.
6. Durston 2005.
7. Berry 1997.
8. Gay 2001.
9. Dougill 2006.
10. Utsu, Tokuji; Shima, Etsuzo; Yoshii, Toshiyoshi; Yamashina, Kenichiro (2001). 地震の事典. Asakura Shoten.
11. Schellinger 1996.
12. "Timeline of Modern Japan (1868-1945)". About Japan: A Teacher’s Resource. New York: Japan Society. Retrieved July 30, 2015.
13. Louis Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
14. "Timeline of Religion and Nationalism in Meiji and Imperial Japan". About Japan: A Teacher’s Resource. New York: Japan Society. Retrieved July 30, 2015.
15. W.N. Whitney, ed. (1889). "List of towns having population of over 10,000". Concise Dictionary of the Principal Roads, Chief Towns and Villages of Japan. Tokyo: Z.P. Maruya and Co. [ja]. hdl:2027/hvd.hnngzq.
16. William Shurtleff; Akiko Aoyagi (1975). "Tofu Restaurants in Japan". Book of Tofu: Food for Mankind. US: Autumn Press. hdl:2027/uc1.31822031043037. ISBN 978-0-394-73431-6 – via Hathi Trust. (fulltext)
17. Britannica 1910.
18. Ayanori Okasaki (1957). "Growth of Urban Population in Japan". Genus. 13 (1/4): 132–152. JSTOR 29787368.
19. "Expositions: where the modern technology of the times was exhibited". Tokyo: National Diet Library. 2011.
20. F. Brinkley (1895), Kyoto Industrial Exhibition of 1895, Printed at the "Japan Mail" Office, OL 7125229M
21. "Chronology". History of Japanese Photography. US: Museum of Fine Arts, Houston. 2003. ISBN 978-0-300-09925-6.
22. Vernon N. Kisling, ed. (2000). "Zoological Gardens of Japan (chronological list)". Zoo and Aquarium History. US: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-3924-5.
23. Kyoto Commercial Museum (1910), Official Catalogue, Kyōto: Kyōto Shōhin Chinretsujo, OL 22476971M
24. Kuniko Fujita and Richard Child Hill, ed. (1993). Japanese Cities. US: Temple University Press. ISBN 978-1-4399-0092-5.
25. Album of the Hirase Conchological Museum, Kyoto, 1915, OCLC 8607506, OL 23270621M{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
26. "Garden Search: Japan". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved July 30, 2015.
27. George M. Beckmann; Okubo Genji (1969). "Chronology". The Japanese Communist Party 1922-1945. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-0674-2.
28. Y. Takenobu (1928). "Population of the Cities". Japan Year Book 1929. Tokyo.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
29. "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations.
30. Allen Guttmann; Lee Austin Thompson (2001). Japanese Sports: A History. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-2464-8.
31. Philip Shapira; et al., eds. (1994). Planning for Cities and Regions in Japan. Liverpool University Press. ISBN 978-0-85323-248-3.
32. "About". NCC Center for the Study of Japanese Religions. Retrieved May 30, 2014.
33. Ugo Dessì (2013). Japanese Religions and Globalization. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-81170-5.
34. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
35. "About". League of Historical Cities. Retrieved May 30, 2014.
36. Nettowāku Kyōto. US: Online Computer Library Center. OCLC 835776001 – via WorldCat.
37. Brumann 2012.
38. "Japan". Europa World Year Book. Europa Publications. 2004. ISBN 978-1-85743-254-1.
39. "Movie Theaters in Kyoto". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved May 30, 2014.
40. "Japanese Mayors". City Mayors.com. London: City Mayors Foundation. Retrieved May 30, 2014.

This article incorporates information from the Japanese Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Published in the 17th-19th centuries

• Kyo-habutae [Kyoto Brocade] (in Japanese). 1685. (guidebook)
• Kaibara Ekiken (1706–1718). Keijo shoran [Excellent Views of Kyoto] (in Japanese). Kyoto: Ryugiken.
• Hiroshige, Kyoto meisho no uchi [Famous Places of Kyoto] (in Japanese) c. 1835
• M. Ichihara (1895), Official guide-book to Kyoto and the allied prefectures, Nara: Meishinsha, OCLC 2600346

Published in the 20th century

• Kyoto City Council (1903). Kyōto, Japan. K. Azumae.
• H. Hotta (1903). "City of Kyoto". Up-to-date guide for the land of the rising sun. Kobe: Z.P. Maruya & Co.
• Basil Hall Chamberlain; W.B. Mason (1907), "Kyōto", Handbook for Travellers in Japan (8th ed.), London: J. Murray, OCLC 1329108
• "Kioto" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 825.
• T. Philip Terry (1914), "Kyoto and its Environs", Terry's Japanese Empire, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, LCCN 14005129
• Robert P. Porter (1915), "The Larger Cities: Kyoto", Japan, the new world-power (2nd ed.), London: Milford
• Richard Ponsonby-Fane. (1956). Kyoto: The Old Capital of Japan, 794-1869. Kyoto: The Ponsonby Memorial Society.
• Schellinger and Salkin, ed. (1996). "Kyoto". International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania. UK: Routledge. p. 515+. ISBN 9781884964046.
• Mary Elizabeth Berry (1997). "Transitions in Kyoto's Government, 1467-1568". The Culture of Civil War in Kyoto. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-91903-7.
• Mason Florence (1998), Kyoto, Lonely Planet, OL 8314749M
• Ian Martin Röpke (1999). Historical Dictionary of Osaka and Kyoto. Historical Dictionaries of Cities of the World. Maryland, US: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-3622-8.

Published in the 21st century

• Suzanne Marie Gay (2001). The Moneylenders of Late Medieval Kyoto. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-2461-7.
• Nicolas Fiévé and Paul Waley [in French], ed. (2003). Japanese Capitals in Historical Perspective: Place, Power and Memory in Kyoto, Edo and Tokyo. RoutledgeCurzon. ISBN 978-0-7007-1409-4.
• Diane Durston (2005). "History". Old Kyoto: A Guide to Traditional Shops, Restaurants, and Inns. Kodansha International. ISBN 978-4-7700-2994-2.
• John Dougill (2006). "City of Unification". Kyoto: A Cultural History. Cityscapes. Oxford University Press. p. 109+. ISBN 978-0-19-976046-6.
• Matthew P. McKelway (2006). Capitalscapes: Folding Screens And Political Imagination in Late Medieval Kyoto. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-2900-1.
• Christoph Brumann (2012). "Re-uniting a divided city: High-rises, conflict, and urban space in central Kyoto". In Christoph Brumann and Evelyn Schulz (ed.). Urban Spaces in Japan: Cultural and Social Perspectives. Japanese Studies Series. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-31883-2.
• Christoph Brumann (2012). Tradition, Democracy and the Townscape of Kyoto: Claiming a Right to the Past. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-69070-6.

External links

• "Kyoto as Historical City: Chronology". Kyoto City Web. City of Kyoto. + part 2
• Maps of Kyoto, c. 1945
• Items related to Kyoto, various dates (via Europeana).
• Images related to Kyoto, various dates (via New York Public Library)
• Items related to Kyoto, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America).

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