Timeline of Bolzano
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Bolzano/Bozen in the Trentino-South Tyrol region of Italy.
Prior to 20th century
- 14 BC – A military settlement called "Pons Drusi" is founded by Romans.[1]
- 679 – Settlement and region ruled by the Duke of Bavaria ("comes Baiuvariorum, quem illi gravionem dicunt, qui regebat Bauzanum et reliqua castella").[2]
- 769 – Tassilo III, Duke of Bavaria issues in Bolzano the foundation charter of the Innichen Abbey.[3]
- 996–1000 – Settlement called "in Pauzana valle, quae lingua Teutisca Pozana nuncupatur".[4]
- 1027 – Bozen county "given by the emperor Conrad II to the bishop of Trent."[5]
- 1170 – Likely birthplace nearby of Walther von der Vogelweide, a German lyrical poet.[5]
- 1170–80 ca. – The town is founded by the bishop of Trent.[6]
- 1195 – The town's parson Rudolf is mentioned.[6]
- 1237 – Franciscan Friary active.[7]
- 1272 – Heilig-Geist-Spital (hospital) established.
- 1363 – Habsburg Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria in power.[8][5]
- 1437 – The borough rights (Stadtrecht) issued.[9]
- 1442 – Town council established by King Frederick III.[10]
- 1443 and 1483 – Two great town fires destroy large parts of the inner city.[11]
- 1472 – The Bozner Stadtbuch (Liber civitatis) instituted by mayor Konrad Lerhueber as the towns official register of legal acts.[12]
- 1519 – The openwork spire of the Parish church (now Cathedral) finished by the stonemasons Burkhard Engelberg and Hans Lutz von Schussenried.[13]
- 1551 – The Bozner Bürgerbuch, a register of the new citizens, instituted.
- 1635 – Merkantilmagistrat established.[10]
- 1750 – Henry of Bolzano, a local layman of the early 14th century, also patron of Treviso, beatified by pope Benedict XIV.
- 1805 – Town becomes part of the Kingdom of Bavaria, first Civic Theatre established.
- 1810 – Town becomes part of French client Kingdom of Italy.[14]
- 1813 – Town becomes part of Austria again.[14]
- 1837 – Population: 10,499.(de)
- 1842 – Bozner Wochenblatt newspaper begins publication.
- 1845 – Muri-Gries Abbey has been founded, as an offshoot of the former Swiss Muri abbey in Aargau.
- 1859 – Brenner Railway (Verona-Bozen) begins operating; Bozen railway station opens.
- 1861 – 10 November: Bozner Lichtfest held.
- 1862 – Turnverein Bozen 1862 (sport club) formed.
- 1867 – Brenner Railway (Innsbruck-Bozen) begins operating.[15]
- 1874 – Cimitero militare austro-ungarico di Bolzano (Austro-Hungarian war cemetery) established.
- 1882 – Der Tiroler newspaper begins publication.
- 1889 – Walther von der Vogelweide monument erected in the Waltherplatz.[5]
- 1894 – Bozner Nachrichten newspaper begins publication.
- 1895 – Julius Perathoner becomes mayor.
- 1898 – Überetsch Railway begins operating.
- 1900 – Population: 23,521.(de)
20th century
- 1907 – Virglbahn (funicular) and Rittnerbahn (railway) begin operating.
- 1909 – Bolzano Tramway begins operating.
- 1912 – Guntschnabahn (funicular) begins operating.
- 1915 – Tiroler Soldaten-Zeitung newspaper begins publication.[16]
- 1918
- The new Civic Theatre (Stadttheater) opens.
- Italian forces take South Tyrol region during World War I and rename it as "Alto Adige"[8]
- 1921 – 24 April: Fascist unrest (Bloody Sunday).
- 1922 – 1–2 October: Fascist March on Bolzano occurs.
- 1923
- Bolzano becomes part of the Province of Trento.[8]
- Italianization of South Tyrol begins.[8]
- 1925 – Gries becomes part of Bolzano.
- 1926
- Bolzano Airport opens.
- Dolomiten newspaper in publication.[17]
- 1927 – The Province of Bolzano established and separated from the Trento Province.
- 1928 – The Fascist Bolzano Victory Monument inaugurated.[18]
- 1930 – Stadio Druso (stadium) opens.
- 1931 – Associazione Calcio Bolzano (football club) formed.
- 1933 – HC Bolzano (ice hockey club) formed.
- 1936 – Population: 45,505.(de)
- 1936 – The today's Corso della Libertà-Freiheitsstraße (Liberty Avenue), a major civic boulevard adorned by buildings in monumentalist style, has been created by the fascist regime (then called Corso IX Maggio).[19]
- 1939–40 – The South Tyrol Option Agreement leads to the emigration of parts of the german-speaking population into the Third Reich.
- 1939–42 – The local Casa del Fascio built displaying a monumental Mussolini basrelief, recontextualized in 2017.[18]
- 1943
- September: South Tyrol region annexed by Germany; Bolzano becomes part of the Nazi German Operationszone Alpenvorland (district).[8]
- Bombing of Bolzano.
- 1944 – Bolzano Transit Camp begins operating.
- 1945 – Town liberated by allied forces from the nazifascist occupational forces on May 4
- December: "Official sanction of the German language" begins.[8]
- South Tyrolean People's Party headquartered in Bolzano.[8]
- Dolomiten and Alto Adige newspapers begin publication.[17]
- 1948
- Bolzano becomes part of the newly formed Trentino-Alto Adige province.[15]
- November: Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol regional election, 1948 held.
- Bolzano Tramway closes.
- 1950 – Teatro Stabile di Bolzano (theatre) founded.
- 1951 – Population: 70,898.(de)
- 1960 – Rai Südtirol (radio) begins broadcasting.
- 1961 – Night of fire happened.
- 1964 – Roman Catholic Diocese of Bolzano-Brixen established.[20]
- 1966 – Rai Südtirol (TV channel) begins broadcasting.
- 1967 – Haus der Kultur „Walther von der Vogelweide“ (Waltherhaus), a theatre and culture venue inaugurated.
- 1968 – Giancarlo Bolognini becomes mayor.
- 1971 – Population: 105,757.(de)
- 1974 – F.C. Südtirol (football club) formed.
- 1977 – Radio Tandem begins broadcasting.
- 1985 – Museion – Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art (museum) founded.
- 1988 – Mattino dell'Alto Adige newspaper begins publication.[17]
- 1992 – Eurac Research (European Academy Bozen-Bolzano), a transdisciplinary research centre, founded.
- 1995
- Giovanni Salghetti Drioli becomes mayor.
- Regional Civic Network of South Tyrol (website) launched.
- 1996
- Neue Südtiroler Tageszeitung (newspaper) begins publication.
- F.C. Bolzano 1996 (football club) formed.
- 1997 – Free University of Bozen-Bolzano founded.
- 1998
- South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology established.
- Merkantilmuseum opens.
- 1999 – Teatro comunale (Bolzano) (theatre) opens.
21st century
- 2003 – Corriere dell'Alto Adige newspaper begins publication.
- 2005 – Luigi Spagnolli becomes mayor.[21]
- 2008 – New Museion (museum) building opens.
- 2013
- October: Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol provincial elections held.
- University's Zentrum für Regionalgeschichte (regional history institute) founded.
- Population: 103,891.[22]
- 2014 – BZ ’18–’45: one monument, one city, two dictatorships, a permanent exhibition within the fascist Monument to Victory is inaugurated.[23]
- 2015 – The so-called Stolpersteine, Holocaust victims commemorative markers, are laid out.[24]
- 2016 – Local election held; Renzo Caramaschi becomes mayor.
- 2017 – The former Casa del Fascio historicized.[18][25]
- 2018 – NOI Techpark Südtirol/Alto Adige, a large science and technology park within the former industrial zone, opens.
- 2019 – WaltherPark, a large urban renewal project designed by David Chipperfield starts.
- 2021 – The town is granted the annual City of Memory status by the Interior Ministry.
- 2024 – After the Benko Group cracked, the Bavarian Schoeller Group takes over the WaltherPark construction project.
See also
- Bolzano history
- History of Bolzano
- List of mayors of Bolzano
- Civic Archives in Bozen-Bolzano (city archives)
- Bolzano State Archives
- List of Stolpersteine in Bolzano (Holocaust victims commemorative markers)
- History of South Tyrol region
- Raetia, ancient Roman province of which Bauzanum was part
Timelines of other cities in the macroregion of Northeast Italy:(it)
- Emilia-Romagna region: Timeline of Bologna; Ferrara; Forlì; Modena; Parma; Piacenza; Ravenna; Reggio Emilia; Rimini
- Friuli-Venezia Giulia region: Timeline of Trieste
- Trentino-South Tyrol region: Timeline of Trento
- Veneto region: Timeline of Padua; Treviso; Venice; Verona, Vicenza
References
Bibliography
External links
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