Thyroid hormone receptor alpha

Thyroid hormone receptor alpha (TR-alpha) also known as nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group A, member 1 (NR1A1), is a nuclear receptor protein that in humans is encoded by the THRA gene.^[5][6][7]

THRA
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1NAV, 2H77, 2H79, 3HZF, 3ILZ, 3JZB, 4LNW, 4LNX
Identifiers
Aliases	THRA, AR7, CHNG6, EAR7, ERB-T-1, ERBA, ERBA1, NR1A1, THRA1, THRA2, c-ERBA-1, thyroid hormone receptor, alpha, thyroid hormone receptor alpha, TRalpha
External IDs	OMIM: 190120; MGI: 98742; HomoloGene: 37747; GeneCards: THRA; OMA:THRA - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 17 (human)[1] Band 17q21.1 Start 40,058,290 bp[1] End 40,093,867 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse)[2] Band 11 D|11 62.58 cM Start 98,631,464 bp[2] End 98,659,832 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in nucleus accumbens middle frontal gyrus Amygdala caudate nucleus putamen right frontal lobe cingulate gyrus anterior cingulate cortex cerebellar hemisphere right hemisphere of cerebellum Top expressed in entorhinal cortex dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell perirhinal cortex CA3 field primary visual cortex superior frontal gyrus neural layer of retina nucleus of stria terminalis subiculum hippocampus proper More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function transcription cis-regulatory region binding protein binding single-stranded RNA binding zinc ion binding chromatin DNA binding nuclear receptor activity steroid receptor RNA activator RNA binding transcription factor binding TBP-class protein binding steroid hormone receptor activity DNA binding protein domain specific binding sequence-specific DNA binding metal ion binding DNA-binding transcription factor activity thyroid hormone binding DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific protein-containing complex binding RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding nuclear receptor coactivator activity signaling receptor activity Cellular component cytoplasm nucleoplasm nucleus cytosol RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex Biological process regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II response to cold cytoplasmic sequestering of transcription factor hormone-mediated signaling pathway regulation of thyroid hormone mediated signaling pathway thyroid gland development regulation of transcription, DNA-templated ossification female courtship behavior cartilage condensation negative regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assembly type I pneumocyte differentiation transcription, DNA-templated steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway transcription by RNA polymerase II regulation of lipid catabolic process regulation of heart contraction animal organ morphogenesis positive regulation of female receptivity learning or memory regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter erythrocyte differentiation negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription, initiation positive regulation of myotube differentiation negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated intracellular receptor signaling pathway negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II thyroid hormone mediated signaling pathway multicellular organism development brain development cell differentiation response to lipid positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 7067 21833 Ensembl ENSG00000126351 ENSMUSG00000058756 UniProt P10827 P63058 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_199334 NM_001190918 NM_001190919 NM_003250 NM_178060 NM_001313983 RefSeq (protein) NP_001177847 NP_001177848 NP_003241 NP_955366 NP_001300912 NP_835161 Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 40.06 – 40.09 Mb Chr 11: 98.63 – 98.66 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a nuclear hormone receptor for triiodothyronine. It is one of the several receptors for thyroid hormone, and has been shown to mediate the biological activities of thyroid hormone. Knockout studies in mice suggest that the different receptors, while having certain extent of redundancy, may mediate different functions of thyroid hormone. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.^[5]

Role in pathology

Mutations of the THRA gene may cause nongoitrous congenital hypothyroidism-6, a subtype of congenital hypothyroidism.

Interactions

THR1 has been shown to interact with:

• COPS2,^[8]
• EP300,^[9]
• ITGB3BP,^[10][11]
• MED1,^[12]
• MED6,^[13]
• MED12,^[13]
• MED16,^[13]
• MEF2A,^[9]
• NCOA6,^[14][15]
• TRIP11,^[16] and
• UBC.^[17]