Thomas FitzGerald, 11th Earl of Desmond

Thomas FitzGerald, 11th Earl of Desmond (1454 - 1534) was the uncle of James FitzGerald, 10th Earl of Desmond.^[1]

Thomas FitzGerald
Earl of Desmond
Tenure	1529-1534
Predecessor	James FitzMaurice FitzGerald
Successor	John FitzGerald, de facto 12th Earl of Desmond James FitzGerald, de jure 12th Earl of Desmond
Born	1454
Died	1534 Rathkeale
Buried	Youghal
Nationality	Hiberno-Norman
Spouse(s)	Katherine FitzGerald
Issue	Maurice FitzGerald
Parents	Thomas FitzJames FitzGerald Ellice de Barry

Ireland in 1450, showing the Earldom of Desmond

Alfred Webb tells us of this earl that:

"[He] succeeded on his nephew's death in 1529. He was known as Thomas the Bald and Thomas the Victorious. 'Far-famed was he in feats of arms; in nine battles did he win the palm of victory... Another subject for congratulation had this Earl — the two Lords of Muskerry fell beneath his sword.'[147a] Lodge tells us that 'the King without hesitation established him in the earldom, merely endeavouring with friendly phrases to induce him to send his grandson and heir to his Majesty's court; which, with phrases equally amiable, the Earl showed the impossibility of his doing.' Eventually embarrassments attendant on the question of the succession obliged him to make every profession of loyalty to the King. He died at Rathkeale in 1534, aged 80, and was buried at Youghal."^[2]

Connections with Spain were particularly strong, and in April 1529 The 11th Earl of Desmond and Don Gonzalez Fernandez, the ambassador of Emperor Charles V signed the Treaty of Dingle, which established the rights and privileges of Irish emigrants and exiles in Habsburg territories.^[3] Dingle was a major site for the import of wine, and also a major embarkation port for pilgrims to travel to the shrine of Saint James at Santiago de Compostela.

National Portrait Gallery, 18th-century Portrait of a lady believed to have been the Countess of Desmond

Thomas's wife was the Old Countess of Desmond, Katherine FitzGerald, born around 1460. A portrait in Britain's National Portrait Gallery is captioned As she appeared at ye Court of our Sovereign Lord, King James, in thys present AD. 1614, and in ye 140th Yeare of her Age. Thither She came from Bristol, to seek Relief, ye House of Desmond having been ruined by Attainder. She was married in ye Reigne of King Edward IV and in ye course of her long Pilgrimage, renewed her Teeth Twice. Her principal residence is at Inchiquin, in Munster, whither she undauntedlye proposeth (her Purpose accomplished) incontinentlie to return. Laus Deo. The Old Countess is said to have died at the age of 140 when she fell out of a cherry tree in the garden of her castle at Inchiquin while harvesting the fruit, though this appears unlikely.^[4][5]

Ancestors of Thomas FitzGerald, 11th Earl of Desmond
Maurice FitzGerald, 1st Earl of Desmond Gerald FitzGerald, 3rd Earl of Desmond Aveline fitz Nicholas James FitzGerald, 6th Earl of Desmond James Butler, 2nd Earl of Ormond Eleanor Butler Elizabeth Darcy Thomas FitzGerald, 7th Earl of Desmond William de Burgh Mary de Burgh Thomas FitzThomas FitzGerald, 11th Earl of Desmond William Barry, 8th Baron Barry Ellice de Barry Ellen de la Roche

References

1. Cokayne, George Edward, Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct, or Dormant. Volume III. London: George Bell & Sons. 1890. p. 86
2. Webb, Alfred. A Compendium of Irish Biography. Dublin: 1878.
3. "The Treaty of Dingle remembered". The Kerryman. 29 April 2009.
4. "The Old Countess, the Geraldine knight and the lady antiquarian: A conspiracy theory revisited". 7 May 2013.
5. "Old Countess Catherine Desmond - Irish Biography".

Peerage of Ireland
Preceded by James FitzMaurice FitzGerald	Earl of Desmond 1529–1534	Succeeded by John FitzGerald, de facto 12th Earl of Desmond and James FitzGerald, de jure 12th Earl of Desmond