Thermo-magnetic motor

Thermomagnetic motors (also known as Curie wheels,^[1] Curie-motors^[2][3] and pyromagnetic motors^[4]) convert heat into kinetic energy using the thermomagnetic effect,^[5] i.e., the influence of temperature on the magnetic material magnetization.^[6]

Historical background

This technology dates back to 19th century, when a number of scientists submitted patents on the so-called "pyro-magnetic generators".^[7] These systems operate in a magnetic Brayton cycle, in a reverse way of the magnetocaloric refrigerators.^[8] Experiments have produced only extremely inefficient working prototypes,^[9][10][11] however, thermodynamic analysis indicate that thermomagnetic motors present high efficiency related to Carnot efficiency for small temperature differences around the magnetic material Curie temperature.^[8][5][12] The thermomagnetic motor principle has been studied as a possible actuator in smart materials,^[13] being successful in the generation of electric energy from ultra-low temperature gradients.^[14]

See also

• Thermomagnetic convection

References

1. Alves, C.S.; Colman, F.C.; Foleiss, G.L.; Vieira, G.T.F.; Szpak, W. (November 2013). "Numerical simulation and design of a thermomagnetic motor". Applied Thermal Engineering. 61 (2): 616–622. doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.07.053.
2. Karle, Anton (October 2001). "The thermomagnetic Curie-motor for the conversion of heat into mechanical energy". International Journal of Thermal Sciences. 40 (9): 834–842. doi:10.1016/S1290-0729(01)01270-4.
3. Trapanese, Marco (April 2011). "A dq axis theory of the magnetic, thermal, and mechanical properties of Curie motor" (PDF). Journal of Applied Physics. 109 (7): 07E706. Bibcode:2011JAP...109gE706T. doi:10.1063/1.3562505. hdl:10447/80505. ISSN 0021-8979.
4. Edison, T. A., "Pyromagnetic Motor", US Patent No. 380,100; Patented March 27, 1888.
5. Bessa, C.V.X.; Ferreira, L.D.R.; Horikawa, O.; Gama, S. (December 2018). "On the relevance of temperature, applied magnetic field and demagnetizing factor on the performance of thermomagnetic motors". Applied Thermal Engineering. 145: 245–250. doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.09.061. S2CID 117682356.
6. Gama, Sergio; Ferreira, Lucas D. R.; Bessa, Carlos V. X.; Horikawa, Oswaldo; Coelho, Adelino A.; Gandra, Flavio C.; Araujo, Raul; Egolf, Peter W. (2016). "Analytic and Experimental Analysis of Magnetic Force Equations". IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. 52 (7): 1–4. doi:10.1109/tmag.2016.2517127. S2CID 21094593.
7. Ferreira, L.; Bessa, C.; Silva, I.; Gama, S. (2013). Green Design, Materials and Manufacturing Processes. pp. 107–111. doi:10.1201/b15002-23 (inactive November 12, 2024). ISBN 978-1-138-00046-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
8. Bessa, C. V. X.; Ferreira, L. D. R.; Horikawa, O.; Monteiro, J. C. B.; Gandra, F. G.; Gama, S. (2017). "On the influence of thermal hysteresis on the performance of thermomagnetic motors". Journal of Applied Physics. 122 (24): 244502. Bibcode:2017JAP...122x4502B. doi:10.1063/1.5010356.
9. Martin, Thomas Commerford; Wetzler, Joseph (1891). The electric motor and its applications. New York: W. J. Johnston. pp. 272–278.
10. Murakami, K.; Nemoto, M. (1972). "Some experiments and considerations on the behavior of thermomagnetic motors". IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. 8 (3): 387–389. Bibcode:1972ITM.....8..387M. doi:10.1109/tmag.1972.1067406.
11. Andreevskii, K. N.; Mandzhavidze, A. G.; Margvelashvili, I. G.; Sobolevskaya, S. V. (September 1, 1998). "Investigation of the thermodynamic and physical characteristics of a thermomagnetic engine with a gadolinium working element". Technical Physics. 43 (9): 1115–1118. Bibcode:1998JTePh..43.1115A. doi:10.1134/1.1259144. ISSN 1063-7842. S2CID 121369732.
12. Egolf, Peter W.; Kitanovski, Andrej; Diebold, Marc; Gonin, Cyrill; Vuarnoz, Didier (2009). "Magnetic power conversion with machines containing full or porous wheel heat exchangers". Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. 321 (7): 758–762. Bibcode:2009JMMM..321..758E. doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2008.11.044.
13. Smart Materials Structures of Systems, Allied Publishers, ISBN 8170239583, pages 23–25.
14. Kishore, Ravi Anant; Davis, Brenton; Greathouse, Jake; Hannon, Austin; Emery Kennedy, David; Millar, Alec; Mittel, Daniel; Nozariasbmarz, Amin; Kang, Min Gyu (2019). "Energy scavenging from ultra-low temperature gradients". Energy & Environmental Science. 12 (3): 1008–1018. doi:10.1039/C8EE03084G. ISSN 1754-5692. S2CID 104331548.

• Von Tunzelmann, George William (1902). Electricity in modern life. New York: P. F. Collier & Son. pp. 383–388.