Thelon River

The Thelon River (Inuktitut: Akilinik, lit. "on the other side")^[5] stretches 900 kilometres (560 mi) across northern Canada. Its source is Whitefish Lake in the Northwest Territories, and it flows east to Baker Lake in Nunavut. The Thelon ultimately drains into Hudson Bay at Chesterfield Inlet.

Thelon River
An oasis-like section of the Thelon, below Warden's Grove
Drainage basin of the Thelon River
Thelon River mouth location
Etymology	"on the other side" in Inuktitut[1][2]
Native name	Akilinik (Inuktitut)
Location
Country	Canada
Territories	Nunavut Northwest Territories
Physical characteristics
Source	Whitefish Lake
• location	North Slave Region, Northwest Territories
• coordinates	62°30′32″N 106°49′17″W
• elevation	371 m (1,217 ft)
Mouth	Chesterfield Inlet
• location	Baker Lake, Nunavut
• coordinates	64°16′30″N 96°4′35″W[3]
• elevation	0 m (0 ft)
Length	900 km (560 mi)
Basin size	142,400 km2 (55,000 sq mi)[4]
Basin features
Tributaries
• left	Dubawnt River, Kazan River

Geography

The lower section of the Thelon River from the "Half-Way Hills" (midway between Schultz Lake and Baker Lake)

Barren-ground caribou above the Hanbury River junction near the Thelon River in 1978

The drainage basin of the Thelon River encompasses some 142,400 square kilometres (55,000 sq mi).^[4] Located far from almost all human development, the Thelon and its surroundings are entirely pristine wilderness. It has been described as Canada's remotest river.^[6]

The river has a width of up to a kilometre (0.6 mi) along much of its lower section, widening into Beverly, Aberdeen, and Schultz Lakes about 100 kilometres (62 mi) upstream from its mouth at Baker Lake.

Fauna

Approximately 100 moose and more than 2,000 muskoxen forage on the land around the Thelon. 300,000 migrating Barren-ground Caribou cross the river every fall and spring.

History

Inuit – including Caribou Inuit and Copper Inuit – have long occupied the sparsely-populated lands around the Thelon. Artifacts of Inuit hunting and travel (including inukshuk guide stones) are readily observed near the river.

In 1770–71 English explorer Samuel Hearne crossed the Thelon while exploring Canada's northern interior. James William Tyrrell led an expedition through the area in 1900.^[7]

Over the winter of 1926–27 John Hornby starved to death on the Thelon along with two other men. They had planned to hunt migrating caribou, but failed to find the herd. Nevertheless, on the basis of Hornby's earlier explorations with James Charles Critchell Bullock in 1923, the Thelon Game Sanctuary was established in 1927, renamed the Thelon Wildlife Sanctuary in 1956.

In 1927(?) the Norwegian explorer and writer Helge Ingstad went by dog sled to the headwaters of the Thelon (Lynx Lake) together with native peoples from the east end of Great Slave Lake. This he detailed in his book The Land of Feast and Famine.

Tourism

In 1990 the lower 545 kilometres (339 mi) of the Thelon were designated a Canadian Heritage River. Although there is no road access to the river, a number of wilderness campers and canoeists visit the Thelon every summer.

Cultural references

The basin of the Thelon is mentioned in the 1979 sci-fi novel Beetle in the Anthill by Boris and Arkady Strugatsky as the location of the embassy of Golovans: intelligent canoid (dog-like) race evolved at Saraksh planet.

See also

• List of longest rivers of Canada
• List of rivers of the Northwest Territories
• List of rivers of Nunavut

References

1. Clarke, Charles Henry Douglas (1940). A Biological Investigation of the Thelon Game Sanctuary. J. O. Patenaude, printer. p. 9.
2. The Musk-ox. Institute for Northern Studies, University of Saskatchewan. 1983. p. 59.
3. "Thelon River". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada. Retrieved 24 November 2010.
4. "Canada Drainage Basins". The National Atlas of Canada, 5th edition. Natural Resources Canada. 1985. Retrieved 24 November 2010.
5. "The Stefansson-Anderson Arctic Expedition of the American Museum: Preliminary Ethnological Report". Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History. 14. New York: American Museum of Natural History: 26. 1919. ISSN 0065-9452. OCLC 1116815.
6. Tupakka, Anna (January 2017). "A Barrenlands Oasis: Travelling to Canada's Most Remote River, The Thelon". Up Here. 33 (1): 48–53.
7. Pelly, David F. (July–August 2006). "Summer on the Barrenlands" (PDF). above & beyond: 25–29.

External links

• The Thelon River from the Canadian Heritage Rivers System
• Map of the Thelon River