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The Death of Yugoslavia (broadcast as Yugoslavia: Death of a Nation in the US)[2] is a BBC documentary series first broadcast in September and October 1995, and returning in June 1996. It is also the title of a BBC book by Allan Little and Laura Silber that accompanies the series. It covers the collapse of Yugoslavia, the subsequent wars and the signing of the final peace accords. It uses a combination of archived footage interspersed with interviews with most of the main players in the conflict, including Slobodan Milošević, Radovan Karadžić, Franjo Tuđman and Alija Izetbegović, as well as members of the international political community, who were active in the various peace initiatives.
| The Death of Yugoslavia | |
|---|---|
| Narrated by | Robin Ellis (BBC version)[1] Christiane Amanpour (Discovery Channel version)[2] |
| Music by | Debbie Wiseman |
| Country of origin | United Kingdom |
| Original languages | English, Serbo-Croatian, Macedonian, Slovene, Albanian, Italian, German, French, Russian, Spanish |
| No. of series | 1 |
| No. of episodes | 6 |
| Production | |
| Executive producers | Brian Lapping Nicholas Fraser |
| Producer | Norma Percy |
| Cinematography | Robert Andrejas Ray Brislin François Paumard Markan Radeljić Alexandar Stipić |
| Editor | Dawn Griffiths |
| Running time | 50 minutes |
| Production company | Brian Lapping Associates |
| Original release | |
| Network | BBC2 |
| Release | 3 September 1995 – 6 June 1996 |
The series was awarded a BAFTA award in 1996 for Best Factual Series.[3] It also won the 1995 Peabody Award and the 1997 Gold Baton at the Alfred I. duPont–Columbia University Awards.[2][4] Interviews for the series have been used by ICTY in war crimes prosecutions.[5]
All the papers relating to the documentary series, including the full transcripts of the interviews, are lodged at the Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives at King's College, University of London.[6]
| Number | Title | Originally broadcast | Overview |
| 1 | Enter Nationalism | 3 September 1995 | After the death of Josip Broz Tito, rising nationalism grips Yugoslavia. This is exacerbated after Slobodan Milošević takes power in Serbia and turns against the Kosovar Albanians. |
| 2 | The Road to War | 10 September 1995 | In April 1990, Croatia holds its first free parliamentary election. Ethnic Serbs in Croatia feel threatened by the nationalist tone of Croatia's newly elected President Franjo Tuđman and they begin a Log Revolution in August 1990. On 19 May 1991, Croatia holds an independence referendum, which is approved by a wide majority. The Battle of Vukovar of August 1991 is the first major battle in the Croatian War of Independence. |
| 3 | Wars of Independence | 17 September 1995 | Slovenia and Croatia soon declare their independence and ask for international recognition. But Belgrade (the capital of both Serbia and Yugoslavia) does not see it this way because this means the collapse of Yugoslavia. Under Milošević's orders, the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) invades Croatia in an attempt to prevent their secession from Yugoslavia. |
| 4 | The Gates of Hell | 24 September 1995 | After the war between Yugoslavia and Croatia ends with the signing of an agreement, Serbia involves itself in Bosnia where a lot is at stake. Here begins the longest and the most tragic part of the conflict. |
| 5 | A Safe Area | 1 October 1995 | As the situation in Bosnia worsens, there is further conflict between the Serb and Bosnian forces. There is increasing UN involvement and NATO begins to step in. The Bosnians and Croats reach an agreement mediated by the UN whilst another UN agreement falls through, despite being signed by all parties. The suffering and persecution of Bosnian Muslims by Serb forces are featured. |
| 6 | Pax Americana | 6 June 1996 | Croatia launches Operation Storm and recaptures most of the territory of the self-proclaimed Republic of Serbian Krajina, which leads to a mass exodus of Serbs from Croatia. Bosnian Serb forces commit the Srebrenica and Markale massacres. In response, NATO launches Operation Deliberate Force and bombs the positions of Bosnian Serb forces, which forces the Bosnian Serbs to return to negotiations. US brokers the Dayton Agreement which effectively ends the Bosnian war. |
The series was later re-edited and released in three parts:
In another edit, it was broadcast as a feature-length single documentary.
- Diego Arria, former President of the United Nations Security Council
- Blagoje Adžić, former Minister of Defence of Yugoslavia
- Milan Aksentijević, former General of JNA forces in Bosnia, Croatia and Slovenia
- Milan Babić, former President of the Republic of Serbian Krajina
- Igor Bavčar, Slovenian politician
- Mate Boban, former President of the Croat Republic of Herceg-Bosnia
- Bogić Bogićević, former Yugoslav representative for SR Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Dragoslav Bokan, Serbian film director and writer
- Josip Boljkovac, former Minister of Interior of Croatia
- Momir Bulatović, former President of SR Montenegro
- Lord Carrington, UN envoy
- Warren Christopher, United States Secretary of State
- Vitaly Churkin, Russian diplomat
- Dobrica Ćosić, Yugoslav and Serbian politician
- Mile Dedaković, Croatian Army colonel
- Slavko Degoricija, Croatian politician
- Gianni De Michelis, former Minister of Foreign Affairs of Italy
- Jovan Divjak, Bosnian Serb general in the Bosnian Army
- Rasim Delić, chief of staff of the Bosnian army
- Raif Dizdarević, Bosnian politician
- Murat Efendić, Bosnian politician
- Peter Galbraith, US Ambassador to Croatia
- Ejup Ganić, Bosnian politician
- Hans-Dietrich Genscher, former Minister of Foreign Affairs of Germany
- Mate Granić, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Croatia
- Petar Gračanin, former Secretary of Interior of Yugoslavia
- Mustafa Hajrulahović, general in the Bosnian Army
- Sefer Halilović, former commander of the Bosnian Army
- David Hannay, British diplomat
- Christopher R. Hill, American diplomat
- Richard Holbrooke, Assistant Secretary US State Department
- Larry Hollingworth, head of UNHCR operations in Bosnia
- Douglas Hurd, Foreign Secretary of UK
- Alija Izetbegović, President of the Republic of Bosnia
- Janez Janša, Slovenian politician
- Žarko Jokanović, Serbian writer
- Borisav Jović, former President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia
- Perica Jurić – Croatian politician
- Radovan Karadžić, former President of Republika Srpska
- Donald Kerrick, Lieutenant General in US Army
- Nikola Koljević, Vice President of Republika Srpska
- Branko Kostić, former President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia
- Momčilo Krajišnik, Speaker of the National Assembly of Republika Srpska
- Milan Kučan, former President of Slovenia
- Milutin Kukanjac, former General of JNA forces in Bosnia
- Zlatko Lagumdžija, Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Anthony Lake, United States National Security Advisor
- Lewis MacKenzie, chief of staff of the United Nations peacekeeping force in former Yugoslavia
- Branko Mamula, former Minister of Defence of Yugoslavia
- Milan Martić, former President of the Republic of Serbian Krajina
- Mirjana Marković, wife of Slobodan Milošević
- Josè Maria Mendiluce, UN representative in Bosnia
- Stjepan Mesić, Croatian politician
- Slobodan Milošević, former FR Yugoslavia president
- Dušan Mitević, Serbian journalist
- Philippe Morillon, UNPROFOR general
- Naser Orić, commander of the Bosniak forces in Srebrenica
- David Owen, British diplomat
- Života Panić, former Minister of Defence of Yugoslavia
- Rosemary Pauli, US delegate during Dayton negotiations
- Pavle – patriarch of the Serbian Orthodox Church
- Ilijaz Pilav, Srebrenica survivor, town council member
- Biljana Plavšić, President of Republika Srpska
- Slobodan Praljak, Bosnian Croat general
- Armin Pohara, Bosnian actor
- Ivica Račan, Croatian politician
- Andrija Rašeta, JNA general
- Charles Redman, American diplomat
- Jadranka, widow of Josip Reihl-Kir
- Malcolm Rifkind, UK Foreign Secretary
- Michael Rose, former Commander of UNPROFOR in Bosnia
- Zulfo Salihović, Bosnian politician
- Vojislav Šešelj, Serbian politician and paramilitary leader
- Haris Silajdžić, Prime Minister of Bosnia
- Miroslav Šolević, Serb nationalist leader in Kosovo
- Martin Špegelj, former Minister of Defence of Croatia
- Ivan Stambolić, former President of Serbia
- Shashi Tharoor, head of peacekeeping operations in former Yugoslavia
- Franjo Tuđman, President of Croatia
- Vasil Tupurkovski, former Member of the Presidency of Yugoslavia for SR Macedonia
- Miloš Vasić, Serbian journalist
- Aleksandar Vasiljević, head of the Counterintelligence Service of Yugoslavia
- Alexander Vershbow, American diplomat
- Azem Vllasi, Kosovo Albanian politician
- Michael Williams, British diplomat
- Franci Zavrl, Slovenian journalist
- Warren Zimmermann, last US ambassador to SFR Yugoslavia
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