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A jurisdiction is an area with a set of laws and under the control of a system of courts or government entity that is different from neighbouring areas.[1][2][3]
Each state in a federation such as Australia, Germany and the United States forms a separate jurisdiction. However, certain laws in a federal state are sometimes uniform across the constituent states and enforced by a set of federal courts; with the result that the federal state forms a single jurisdiction for that purpose.
A jurisdiction may also prosecute for crimes committed outside its jurisdiction once the perpetrator returns.[4] In some cases, a citizen of another jurisdiction outside its own, can be extradited to a jurisdiction in which the crime is illegal even if it was not committed in that jurisdiction.[5][6]
Unitary state are usually single jurisdictions, but the United Kingdom is a notable exception since it has three separate jurisdictions because of its three separate legal systems. Also, China has the separate jurisdictions of Hong Kong and Macao.
- Beale, Joseph H. (1935) A Treatise on the Conflict of Laws. ISBN 1-58477-425-8
- Dicey & Morris. (1993) The Conflict of Laws 12th edition. London: Sweet & Maxwell Ltd. (pp26/30) ISBN 0-420-48280-6
- McClean, David. (2000). Morris: The Conflict of Laws. London: Sweet & Maxwell Ltd. ISBN 0-421-66160-7
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