Tamralipta Jatiya Sarkar

The Tamralipta Jatiya Sarkar (Bengali : তাম্রলিপ্ত জাতীয় সরকার) or Tamluk National Government was an independent parallel government established in the areas of Tamluk and Contai subdivisions, now in Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India,^[1][2] during the Quit India Movement (1942-1944). It was the first people’s government, which was established in British India amidst sloganeering of ‘British, Leave India!’, and had the honour of being the only parallel government running independently for two years during British Raj.^[3] This national government was formed by Satish Chandra Samanta, who was the supreme leader till his arrest in June 1943, and he was aided by several ministers and protagonists like Sushil Kumar Dhara, Ajoy Mukherjee and Matangini Hazra. The parallel government had set up police stations, military departments, courts and revenue collection system, and had completely overthrown the civil government of the British by dispensing justice, maintaining peace and security, and helping the poor and the distressed.^[4][5][6] It was dismantled at the instance of Mahatma Gandhi on 8 August 1944.^[7]

Satish Chandra Samanta, the Sarbadhinayak of the parallel national government

Tamralipta Jatiya Sarkar
তাম্রলিপ্ত জাতীয় সরকার

Independent parallel government
Formation	17 December 1942 (1942-12-17)
Extinction	8 August 1944 (1944-08-08)
Territory	Tamluk, Bengal Presidency
Executive branch
Sarbadhinayak	Satish Chandra Samanta

The rebels of Midnapore were inspired by Gandhi, but they did not confine themselves to the Gandhian practice of non-violence. It was not Gandhi’s ‘ahimsa’ which moved the rebels so much as his precept ‘Do or Die’. A good deal of underground literature (including that of the ‘Biplabi’, the mouthpiece of the Tamralipta jatiya Sarkar) cropped up with that precept as the motto. The Jatiya Sarkar launched an armed militia 'Bidyut Bāhini' (বিদ্যুত বাহিনী) commanded by Sushil Kumar Dhara, in the hope of helping Subhas Bose’s Indian National Army, should it succeed in invading British-held Bengal (it didn’t).^{[7][8][9][10][11]}

Legacy

Matangini Hazra on a stamp of India

Ajoy Mukherjee on a stamp of India

In 2002, the Atal Bihari Bajpayee-led Ministry of Communication of India released a Tamralipta Jatiya Sarkar commemorative stamp. The stamp depicts Ajoy Mukherjee, who became the Chief Minister of West Bengal three times, and Matangini Hazra who laid down her life during the march.^[5]