TRPM is a family of transient receptor potential ion channels (M standing for wikt:melastatin).[1] Functional TRPM channels are believed to form tetramers.[2] The TRPM family consists of eight different channels, TRPM1–TRPM8.[3]
Unlike the TRPC and TRPV sub-families, TRPM subunits do not contain N-terminal ankyrin repeat motifs but, rather, contain entire functional proteins in their C-termini. TRPM6 and TRPM7, for example, contain functional α-kinase segments, which are a type of serine/threonine-specific protein kinase.
The relative permeability of calcium and magnesium varies widely among TRPM channels.
The mechanism of activation also varies greatly among TRPM channels.
Among the functional responsibilities of the TRPM channels are:
- regulation of calcium oscillations after T cell activation[7] and prevention of cardiac conduction disorders (TRPM4).[8]
- modulation of insulin secretion and sensory transduction in taste cells (TRPM5).[9]
- cold sensation (TRPM8).
- heat sensation and inflammatory pain (TRPM3).[10]
- regulation of magnesium reabsorption in the kidneys and absorption in the intestines (TRPM6).[11]
- regulation of cell adhesion (TRPM7).[12]
Jiang LH (2007). "Subunit interaction in channel assembly and functional regulation of transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) channels". Biochem Soc Trans. 35 (1): 86–8. doi:10.1042/BST0350086. PMID 17233608.
Hara Y, Wakamori M, Ishii M, Maeno E, Nishida M, Yoshida T, Yamada H, Shimizu S, Mori E, Kudoh J, Shimizu N, Kurose H, Okada Y, Imoto K, Mori Y (2002). "LTRPC2 Ca2+-permeable channel activated by changes in redox status confers susceptibility to cell death". Mol Cell. 9 (1): 163–173. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(01)00438-5. PMID 11804595.
Philippaert, K; Pironet, A; Mesuere, M; Sones, W; Vermeiren, L; Kerselaers, S; Pinto, S; Segal, A; Antoine, N; Gysemans, C; Laureys, J; Lemaire, K; Gilon, P; Cuypers, E; Tytgat, J; Mathieu, C; Schuit, F; Rorsman, P; Talavera, K; Voets, T; Vennekens, R (31 March 2017). "Steviol glycosides enhance pancreatic beta-cell function and taste sensation by potentiation of TRPM5 channel activity". Nature Communications. 8: 14733. Bibcode:2017NatCo...814733P. doi:10.1038/ncomms14733. PMC 5380970. PMID 28361903.
Schlingmann KP, Weber S, Peters M, Niemann Nejsum L, Vitzthum H, Klingel K, Kratz M, Haddad E, Ristoff E, Dinour D, Syrrou M, Nielsen S, Sassen M, Waldegger S, Seyberth HW, Konrad M (2002). "Hypomagnesemia with secondary hypocalcemia is caused by mutations in TRPM6, a new member of the TRPM gene family". Nat. Genet. 31 (2): 166–170. doi:10.1038/ng889. PMID 12032568. S2CID 40990544.