Supreme Leader (North Korean title)

The supreme leader of North Korea (Korean: 최고령도자; MR: Ch'oego Ryŏngdoja) is the de facto hereditary leadership of the Workers' Party of Korea, the state and the Korean People's Army. The title is honorary, given only after death in the first two cases. More broadly it can also refer to the "Supreme Leader system" (Suryeong-je), which is defined as "a system that aims to ensure continuous leadership by the Supreme Leader across generations."^[1] Different titles were used in North Korean propaganda that could be translated from Korean as "Great Leader", "Dear Leader", or "Supreme Leader".

Supreme Leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea
State
Incumbent
Kim Jong Un since 17 December 2011 (2011-12-17)
Details
Style	Supreme leader Party leader Head of state Commander-in-chief
Heir presumptive	Kim Ju Ae Kim Yo Jong
First monarch	Kim Il Sung
Formation	9 September 1948; 76 years ago (1948-09-09)
Residence	Ryongsong Residence
Appointer	1

Supreme Leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Korean name
Hangul	조선민주주의인민공화국최고령도자
Hanja	朝鮮民主主義人民共和國最高領導者

Overview

"Supreme Leader" was originally a designation used for Kim Il Sung only, and only after his death.^[1] During his lifetime he was known as "Great Leader" (위대한 수령), a title to this day that only refers to him.^[1] His son, Kim Jong Il, was known as "Dear Leader" (친애하는 령도자) during his lifetime, and only after death did North Korean media begin calling him "Supreme Leader", in the tradition of his father.^[1] The grandson, Kim Jong Un, was first called "Supreme Leader" in a North Korean newspaper article dated October 3, 2020, with the frequency increasing since then, including sometimes "great Supreme Leader".^[1] He was the first to be frequently called "Supreme Leader" while still alive, and at the relatively young age of 37.^[1] The 2020 newspaper article was part of the official preparations to appoint Kim Jong Un as the General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea i.e. leader of the Workers' Party, the sole political body in the country and the paramount leader position.^[1][2] Since November 2021, South Korean media have all reported that Kim Jong Un is called "Supreme Leader" (Suryeong) in North Korea.^[1]

List

No	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Title(s)	Period	Tenure (Time in office)	Ideological contribution(s)
1		Kim Il Sung 김일성 (1912–1994)	Premier of the Cabinet of the DPRK	9 September 1948[3] – 28 December 1972[4]	9 September 1948[3] — 8 July 1994[5] (45 years, 302 days)	Juche
			Chairman of the WPK	24 June 1949[6] – 12 October 1966[7]
			General Secretary of the WPK	12 October 1966[7] – 8 July 1994[5]
			President of the DPRK	28 December 1972[8] – 8 July 1994[5]
2		Kim Jong Il 김정일 (1941–2011)	Chairman of the National Defence Commission of the DPRK	9 April 1993[9] – 17 December 2011[10]	8 July 1994[9] — 17 December 2011[10] (17 years, 162 days)	Kimilsungism Songun Ten Principles
			General Secretary of the WPK	8 October 1997[9] – 17 December 2011[10]
3		Kim Jong Un 김정은 (born 1982 or 1983/1984)	First Secretary of the WPK	11 April 2012[11] – 9 May 2016[12]	17 December 2011[13] — present (13 years, 146 days)	Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism Byungjin
			First Chairman of the National Defence Commission of the DPRK	11 April 2012[14] – 29 June 2016[15]
			Chairman of the WPK	9 May 2016[16] – 10 January 2021[17]
			President of the State Affairs Commission of the DPRK	29 June 2016[15] – present
			General Secretary of the WPK	10 January 2021[18] – present

• Bold offices refer to the highest positions in the Workers' Party of Korea, the lone political party of North Korea.

Timeline

See also

• North Korea portal

• Eternal leaders of North Korea
• Kim family
• Government of North Korea
• North Korean cult of personality
• Residences of North Korean leaders
• Paramount leader, the Chinese equivalent