Stria vascularis of cochlear duct

The stria vascularis of the cochlear duct is a capillary loop in the upper portion of the spiral ligament (the outer wall of the cochlear duct or scala media). It produces endolymph for the scala media in the cochlea.

Stria vascularis of cochlear duct
Cross section of the cochlea.
Details
System	Cochlea
Identifiers
Latin	stria vascularis ductus cochlearis
MeSH	D013316
NeuroLex ID	birnlex_2525
TA98	A15.3.03.096
TA2	7028
FMA	77832
Anatomical terminology [edit on Wikidata]

Structure

The stria vascularis is part of the lateral wall of the cochlear duct.^[1] It is a somewhat stratified epithelium containing primarily three cell types:

• marginal cells,^[1] which are involved in K⁺ transport, and line the endolymphatic space of the scala media.
• intermediate cells,^[1] which are pigment-containing cells scattered among capillaries.
• basal cells,^[1] which separate the stria vascularis from the underlying spiral ligament.^[2] They are connected to basal cells with gap junctions.^[1]

The stria vascularis also contains pericytes, melanocytes, and endothelial cells.^[3]: 2380 It also contains intraepithelial capillaries - it is the only epithelial tissue that is not avascular (completely lacking blood vessels and lymphatic vessels).^{[citation needed]}

Function

The stria vascularis produces endolymph for the scala media, one of the three fluid-filled compartments of the cochlea.^[4] This maintains the ion balance of the endolymph that surround inner hair cells and outer hair cells of the organ of Corti.^[4] It secretes lots of K⁺,^[1][4] and may also secrete H⁺.^[1]