Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2

Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) also known as sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2 (SREBF2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SREBF2 gene.^[5]

SREBF2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1UKL
Identifiers
Aliases	SREBF2, SREBP-2, SREBP2, bHLHd2, sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2
External IDs	OMIM: 600481; MGI: 107585; HomoloGene: 20966; GeneCards: SREBF2; OMA:SREBF2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 22 (human)[1] Band 22q13.2 Start 41,833,079 bp[1] End 41,907,307 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 15 (mouse)[2] Band 15|15 E1 Start 82,031,382 bp[2] End 82,089,580 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in ganglionic eminence ventricular zone right hemisphere of cerebellum right adrenal cortex left adrenal cortex right frontal lobe tibial nerve prefrontal cortex cingulate gyrus mucosa of transverse colon Top expressed in ventricular zone lip superior frontal gyrus primary visual cortex dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell neural tube yolk sac granulocyte neural layer of retina tail of embryo More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function C-8 sterol isomerase activity DNA binding protein dimerization activity DNA-binding transcription factor activity RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific E-box binding protein C-terminus binding protein binding DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Cellular component cytoplasm integral component of membrane cytosol SREBP-SCAP-Insig complex Golgi apparatus endoplasmic reticulum membrane membrane Golgi membrane endoplasmic reticulum ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane cytoplasmic vesicle nucleus nucleoplasm mitochondrion intracellular membrane-bounded organelle Biological process steroid metabolic process regulation of transcription, DNA-templated positive regulation of protein targeting to mitochondrion lipid metabolism positive regulation of cholesterol storage cellular response to laminar fluid shear stress cellular response to starvation cholesterol metabolic process negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II transcription, DNA-templated regulation of autophagy of mitochondrion negative regulation of cholesterol efflux positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process cellular response to low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 6721 20788 Ensembl ENSG00000198911 ENSMUSG00000022463 UniProt Q12772 Q3U1N2 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_004599 NM_033218 RefSeq (protein) NP_004590 NP_150087 Location (UCSC) Chr 22: 41.83 – 41.91 Mb Chr 15: 82.03 – 82.09 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

This gene encodes a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor that controls cholesterol homeostasis by stimulating transcription of sterol-regulated genes. The encoded protein contains a basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper (bHLH-Zip) domain.^[6] Various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the SREBF2 have been identified and some of them are found to be associated with higher risk of knee osteoarthritis. ^[7]

Interactions

SREBF2 has been shown to interact with INSIG1^[8][9] and CREB-binding protein.^[10]

See also

• Sterol regulatory element-binding protein

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000198911 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022463 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Hua X, Yokoyama C, Wu J, Briggs MR, Brown MS, Goldstein JL, Wang X (Dec 1993). "SREBP-2, a second basic-helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper protein that stimulates transcription by binding to a sterol regulatory element". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 90 (24): 11603–7. Bibcode:1993PNAS...9011603H. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.24.11603. PMC 48032. PMID 7903453.
6. "Entrez Gene: SREBF2 sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2".
7. Qiu XM, Jin CT, Wang W (Apr 2014). "Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 gene and risk of knee osteoarthritis in a Chinese Han population". The Journal of International Medical Research. 42 (2): 320–8. doi:10.1177/0300060513507392. PMID 24496149.
8. Dobrosotskaya IY, Goldstein JL, Brown MS, Rawson RB (Sep 2003). "Reconstitution of sterol-regulated endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi transport of SREBP-2 in insect cells by co-expression of mammalian SCAP and Insigs". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (37): 35837–43. doi:10.1074/jbc.M306476200. PMID 12842885.
9. Yang T, Espenshade PJ, Wright ME, Yabe D, Gong Y, Aebersold R, Goldstein JL, Brown MS (Aug 2002). "Crucial step in cholesterol homeostasis: sterols promote binding of SCAP to INSIG-1, a membrane protein that facilitates retention of SREBPs in ER". Cell. 110 (4): 489–500. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00872-3. PMID 12202038. S2CID 15052132.
10. Oliner JD, Andresen JM, Hansen SK, Zhou S, Tjian R (Nov 1996). "SREBP transcriptional activity is mediated through an interaction with the CREB-binding protein". Genes & Development. 10 (22): 2903–11. doi:10.1101/gad.10.22.2903. PMID 8918891.

Further reading

• Osborne TF (Aug 2001). "CREating a SCAP-less liver keeps SREBPs pinned in the ER membrane and prevents increased lipid synthesis in response to low cholesterol and high insulin". Genes & Development. 15 (15): 1873–8. doi:10.1101/gad.916601. PMID 11485982.
• Szolkiewicz M, Chmielewski M, Nogalska A, Stelmanska E, Swierczynski J, Rutkowski B (Jan 2007). "The potential role of sterol regulatory element binding protein transcription factors in renal injury". Journal of Renal Nutrition. 17 (1): 62–5. doi:10.1053/j.jrn.2006.10.009. PMID 17198935.
• Hua X, Wu J, Goldstein JL, Brown MS, Hobbs HH (Feb 1995). "Structure of the human gene encoding sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBF1) and localization of SREBF1 and SREBF2 to chromosomes 17p11.2 and 22q13". Genomics. 25 (3): 667–73. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(95)80009-B. PMID 7759101.
• Yokoyama C, Wang X, Briggs MR, Admon A, Wu J, Hua X, Goldstein JL, Brown MS (Oct 1993). "SREBP-1, a basic-helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper protein that controls transcription of the low density lipoprotein receptor gene". Cell. 75 (1): 187–97. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(05)80095-9. PMID 8402897. S2CID 2784016.
• Wang X, Zelenski NG, Yang J, Sakai J, Brown MS, Goldstein JL (Mar 1996). "Cleavage of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) by CPP32 during apoptosis". The EMBO Journal. 15 (5): 1012–20. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00438.x. PMC 449996. PMID 8605870.
• Hua X, Sakai J, Brown MS, Goldstein JL (Apr 1996). "Regulated cleavage of sterol regulatory element binding proteins requires sequences on both sides of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (17): 10379–84. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.17.10379. PMID 8626610.
• Pai JT, Brown MS, Goldstein JL (May 1996). "Purification and cDNA cloning of a second apoptosis-related cysteine protease that cleaves and activates sterol regulatory element binding proteins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 93 (11): 5437–42. Bibcode:1996PNAS...93.5437P. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.11.5437. PMC 39264. PMID 8643593.
• Sato R, Inoue J, Kawabe Y, Kodama T, Takano T, Maeda M (Oct 1996). "Sterol-dependent transcriptional regulation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (43): 26461–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.43.26461. PMID 8900111.
• Oliner JD, Andresen JM, Hansen SK, Zhou S, Tjian R (Nov 1996). "SREBP transcriptional activity is mediated through an interaction with the CREB-binding protein". Genes & Development. 10 (22): 2903–11. doi:10.1101/gad.10.22.2903. PMID 8918891.
• Miserez AR, Cao G, Probst LC, Hobbs HH (Feb 1997). "Structure of the human gene encoding sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBF2)". Genomics. 40 (1): 31–40. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.4525. PMID 9070916.
• Duncan EA, Brown MS, Goldstein JL, Sakai J (May 1997). "Cleavage site for sterol-regulated protease localized to a leu-Ser bond in the lumenal loop of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (19): 12778–85. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.19.12778. PMID 9139737.
• Harris IR, Farrell AM, Holleran WM, Jackson S, Grunfeld C, Elias PM, Feingold KR (Feb 1998). "Parallel regulation of sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 and the enzymes of cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis but not ceramide synthesis in cultured human keratinocytes and murine epidermis". Journal of Lipid Research. 39 (2): 412–22. doi:10.1016/S0022-2275(20)33902-X. PMID 9508001.
• Kan HY, Pissios P, Chambaz J, Zannis VI (Feb 1999). "DNA binding specificity and transactivation properties of SREBP-2 bound to multiple sites on the human apoA-II promoter". Nucleic Acids Research. 27 (4): 1104–17. doi:10.1093/nar/27.4.1104. PMC 148292. PMID 9927745.
• Seidah NG, Mowla SJ, Hamelin J, Mamarbachi AM, Benjannet S, Touré BB, Basak A, Munzer JS, Marcinkiewicz J, Zhong M, Barale JC, Lazure C, Murphy RA, Chrétien M, Marcinkiewicz M (Feb 1999). "Mammalian subtilisin/kexin isozyme SKI-1: A widely expressed proprotein convertase with a unique cleavage specificity and cellular localization". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 96 (4): 1321–6. Bibcode:1999PNAS...96.1321S. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.4.1321. PMC 15461. PMID 9990022.
• Nagoshi E, Imamoto N, Sato R, Yoneda Y (Jul 1999). "Nuclear import of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2, a basic helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper (bHLH-Zip)-containing transcription factor, occurs through the direct interaction of importin beta with HLH-Zip". Molecular Biology of the Cell. 10 (7): 2221–33. doi:10.1091/mbc.10.7.2221. PMC 25438. PMID 10397761.
• Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP (Dec 1999). "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22". Nature. 402 (6761): 489–95. Bibcode:1999Natur.402..489D. doi:10.1038/990031. PMID 10591208.
• DeBose-Boyd RA, Brown MS, Li WP, Nohturfft A, Goldstein JL, Espenshade PJ (Dec 1999). "Transport-dependent proteolysis of SREBP: relocation of site-1 protease from Golgi to ER obviates the need for SREBP transport to Golgi". Cell. 99 (7): 703–12. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81668-2. PMID 10619424.
• Kotzka J, Müller-Wieland D, Roth G, Kremer L, Munck M, Schürmann S, Knebel B, Krone W (Jan 2000). "Sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBP)-1a and SREBP-2 are linked to the MAP-kinase cascade". Journal of Lipid Research. 41 (1): 99–108. doi:10.1016/S0022-2275(20)32079-4. PMID 10627507.
• Yang T, Goldstein JL, Brown MS (Sep 2000). "Overexpression of membrane domain of SCAP prevents sterols from inhibiting SCAP.SREBP exit from endoplasmic reticulum". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (38): 29881–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M005439200. PMID 10896675.

External links

• SREBF2+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• FactorBook SREBP2

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.