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Sound-on-disc is a class of sound film processes using a phonograph or other disc to record or play back sound in sync with a motion picture. Early sound-on-disc systems used a mechanical interlock with the movie projector, while more recent systems use timecodes.
 | This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. (May 2023) |
France
- The Chronophone (Léon Gaumont) "Filmparlants" and phonoscènes 1902–1910 (experimental), 1910–1917 (industrial)[1]
United States
- Vitaphone introduced by Warner Bros. in 1926
- Photokinema, short-lived system, invented by Orlando Kellum in 1921 (used by D. W. Griffith for Dream Street)
- Digital Theater Systems
United Kingdom
- British Phototone, short-lived UK system using 12-inch discs, introduced in 1928-29 (Clue of the New Pin)
Other
- Systems with the film projector linked to a phonograph or cylinder phonograph, developed by Thomas Edison (Kinetophone, Kinetophonograph), Selig Polyscope, French companies such as Gaumont (Chronomégaphone, Chronophone), and Pathé, and British systems.
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During the 1920s and early 1930s, films in the United States were subject to censorship by state and city censor boards, which often required cuts of scenes before a film would be licensed for exhibition. While films using the sound-on-film process could accommodate a patch for a requested cut with ease, a film using sound-on-disc would require an expensive retake.[2] If the cost of compliance with a censor board was too high, the film would not be shown in that state or city.
- Sound film (includes history of sound film)
- Sound-on-film
- List of film formats
- List of early sound feature films (1926–1929)
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