Siege of Alkmaar

The siege of Alkmaar (1573) was a turning point in the Eighty Years' War.^[4]

Siege of Alkmaar
Part of the Eighty Years' War
Spanish troops storming the walls of Alkmaar, by Herman Frederik Carel ten Kate
Date 21 August – 8 October 1573 Location Alkmaar (present-day Holland) Result Dutch victory[1] Spanish advance through Holland is halted
Belligerents
Dutch Rebels Scots Brigade	Spain
Commanders and leaders
Jacob Cabeliau	Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo Philip of Noircarmes (DOW)
Strength
2,000 (Geuzen and Civilians)[2]	16,000 troops (estimated)[3]
Casualties and losses
24+ geuzen, 13 civilians	over 500

The burghers of the Dutch city of Alkmaar held off the Spanish (who had set up their camp in Oudorp) between 21 August and 8 October 1573, with boiling tar and burning branches from their renewed city walls. On 23 September William the Silent followed up on a request by Cabeliau dating from the beginning of the siege and ordered the dikes surrounding Alkmaar to be breached, thereby flooding the polders in which the Spanish troops were camped, like the Achtermeer polder. This forced the Spanish commander, Don Fadrique,^[5] the son of the hated Alba himself,^[6] to retreat and the last Spanish soldiers left on 8 October 1573.^[7]

The end of the siege is considered a turning point in the Eighty Years' War as Alkmaar was the first city to overcome a siege by the Spanish army.

The garrison included a detachment of Scots soldiers who had previously tried to defend Haarlem.^[8]

A first-hand account of the siege exists in the diary of Nanning van Foreest [nl], a local city councillor. Several archaeological examinations have uncovered remains of the battle.^[1]

• 
  A painting showing unfinished fortifications
• 
  The siege of Alkmaar by Frans Hogenberg.

References

Citations

1. Knüsel & Smith p 456
2. Beets, 1873, p. 86
3. Beets, 1873, p. 86
4. Efemérides 8 de octubre: El asedio de Alkmaar, la primera derrota de los Tercios en la Guerra de los Ochenta Años
5. "Asedio de Alkmaar | Real Academia de la Historia". dbe.rah.es.
6. "Fernando Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel | Real Academia de la Historia". dbe.rah.es.
7. Nolan p 12
8. Knight, Charles Raleigh: Historical records of The Buffs, East Kent Regiment (3rd Foot) formerly designated the Holland Regiment and Prince George of Denmark's Regiment. Vol I. London, Gale & Polden, 1905, p. 11

Bibliography

• Nolan, Cathal J. (2006). The Age of Wars of Religion, 1000–1650: An Encyclopedia of Global Warfare and Civilization. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0313330452.
• Knüsel, Christopher; Smith, Martin (2013). The Routledge Handbook of the Bioarchaeology of Human Conflict. Routledge. ISBN 978-1134677979.
• Beets, Pieter (1873). Strijd en zegepraal, of De belegering en het ontzet van Alkmaar, in het jaar 1573. Herm. Coster & Zoon.

52.63°N 4.75°E / 52.63; 4.75