Siddhānta Shiromani

Siddhānta Śiromaṇi (Sanskrit: सिद्धान्त शिरोमणि for "Crown of treatises")^[1] is the major treatise of Indian mathematician Bhāskara II.^[2] He wrote the Siddhānta Śiromaṇi in 1150 when he was 36 years old. The work is composed in Sanskrit Language in 1450 verses.^[3]

Page from Lilavati, the first volume of Siddhānta Śiromaṇī. Use of the Pythagorean theorem in the corner. 1650 edition

Parts

Līlāvatī

Main article: Līlāvatī

The name of the book comes from his daughter, Līlāvatī. It is the first volume of the Siddhānta Śiromaṇi. The book contains thirteen chapters, 278 verses, mainly arithmetic and measurement.

Beejagaṇita

Main article: Bijaganita

It is the second volume of Siddhānta Śiromaṇi. It is divided into six parts, contains 213 verses and is devoted to algebra.

Gaṇitādhyāya and Golādhyāya

Gaṇitādhyāya and Golādhyāya of Siddhānta Śiromaṇi are devoted to astronomy. All put together there are about 900 verses.^[4] (Gaṇitādhyāya has 451 and Golādhyāya has 501 verses).

Translations

In 1797, Safdar Ali Khan of Hyderabad translated the Siddhanta Shiromani into Persian as Zij-i Sarumani. The translation is now a lost work, and is known only from a mention in Khan's other work - Zij-i Safdari.^[5][6]

References

1. Kim Plofker 2009, p. 71.
2. Burton, David M. (2011), The History of Mathematics: An Introduction (7th ed.), McGraw Hill, ISBN 978-0-07-338315-6
3. "khagol Maandal".
4. "BHASKAR'S ASTRONOMY".
5. S. M. Razaullah Ansari (2019). "Persian translations of Bhāskara's Sanskrit texts and their impact in the following centuries". In K. Ramasubramanian; Takao Hayashi; Clemency Montelle (eds.). Bhāskara-prabhā: Sources and Studies in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences. Sources and Studies in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences. Springer. p. 386. doi:10.1007/978-981-13-6034-3_18. ISBN 9789811360343.
6. K. Ramasubramanian (2019). "The Last Combinatorial Problem in Bhāskara's Līlāvatī". Gaṇitānanda. Springer. p. 291. doi:10.1007/978-981-13-1229-8_30. ISBN 9789811312298.

Bibliography

• Kim Plofker (2009). Mathematics in India. Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691120676.

External links

• Scan of reprint A 1917 edition