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Form of Finnish spoken in Siberia From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Siberian Finnish or Korlaka is the form of Finnish spoken in Siberia by the Siberian Finns. Siberian Finnish is an umbrella name, this name refers to at least two languages/dialects.
 | This article should specify the language of its non-English content, using {{lang}}, {{transliteration}} for transliterated languages, and {{IPA}} for phonetic transcriptions, with an appropriate ISO 639 code. Wikipedia's multilingual support templates may also be used. (August 2024) |
| Siberian Finnish | |
|---|---|
| Korlakan kieli | |
| Native to | Russia |
| Region | Siberia |
| Ethnicity | Siberian Finns |
Native speakers | A few older people[quantify] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
Siberian Finnish map | |
The first language is a Lower Luga Ingrian Finnish – Lower Luga Ingrian (Izhorian) mixed language.[1][2] The ancestors of the speakers of this language migrated from the Lower Luga area (more exactly Rosona river area, Yamburgsky Uyezd of the Saint Petersburg Governorate) to Siberia in 1803–1804. The academic name for this language is Siberian Ingrian Finnish (Russian: Сибирский ингерманландский идиом, romanized: Sibirsky ingermanlandsky idiom),[1][2] and native speakers call this language suomen kiel', mejjen kiel', oma kiel'. Most native speakers (at the time of 2022) of this language live in Ryzhkovo village, as well as near Ryzhkovo, in Omsk and in Tallinn (Estonia).
The second Finnish language in Siberia is a language spoken by the descendants of exiles from the Grand Duchy of Finland and repressed people of Finnish ethnic origin during the Soviet period.[1] This language is close to standard Finnish (probably based on Eastern Finnish dialects and has borrowings from Estonian and Russian). Several native speakers of this language live in Omsk, and a few isolated native speakers of it live in other settlements of the Omsk Region (Orlovka, probably Ivanovka and Kovalevo).
Siberian Finnish differs depending on the background of the speaker and their education level. Most speakers of Siberian Finnish are old and the Finnish skills of the Siberian Finns are being lost.[3]
Some speakers of Siberian Finns have lived in Ryzhkovo, Orlovka, Bugene (another name for this village is "Finy" (Russian: Фины), this village has not been inhabited since about 2010), and Ivanovka.[4]
Vieno Zlobina suspected high influence from Siberian Estonians in Siberian Finnish, however Ruben Erik Nirvi theorized that the similar features came before going into Siberia, such as the comitative ending -kä/ka.[5][6] Estonian scientists (Juri Viikberg,[5] Anu Korb, Aivar Jürgenson) had conducted large-scale studies devoted to the Siberian Estonians. During these expeditions, they discovered complex interactions between Finnish-speaking ethnic groups and the groups in which they (Estonian and Finnish ethnic and linguistic components) were in interaction with. Daria Sidorkevich from the Institute for Linguistic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences researched and documented the Siberian Ingrian Finnish language in 2008 - 2014. A Ph.D. thesis about this language was written by Daria Sidorkevich in 2013–14.[1] Siberian Ingrian Finnish was also researched and documented by Mehmet Muslimov from the Institute for Linguistic Studies of the RAS, Fedor Rozhanskiy from the University of Tartu, Natalia Kuznetsova[7] from the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, and Ivan Ubaleht [8][9] from the Omsk State Technical University. Ruslan Haarala did a study on Siberian Finnish in 2005.[10] Finnish speakers can still be found inside Siberia.[11] According to Haarala, it is possible to improve the situation of Siberian Finnish, because it is still being used.
| Siberian Finnish | Finnish | English |
|---|---|---|
| No, täl kaik viäl ympärin venäläiset, venäläiset. Ja nämä last nuaret venäjäks puhuvat, kuka eivät kehta vrode, et huanasti tulee ulos ni, nii venäjä enemän kaikkia, no. | No, täällä kaikki vielä ympärin venäläiset, venäläiset. Ja nämä lapset nuoret venäjäksi puhuvat, ketkä eivät kehtaa niin kuin että huonosti tulee ulos niin, niin venäjä enemmän kaikkea, no. | Well, here there are still Russians around, Russians. And these young children speak Russian, whoever doesn't dare it seems, so badly (it) comes out so, so that Russian more than all, well. |
Some grammatical elements in Siberian Finnish are the comitative ending -ka/kä, the 3rd person singular ending -b, and the imperfect suffix -si-.[4]
Siberian Finnish has a large Russian influence, such as "vnuki" 'grandchild', "izvenenija" 'sorry' and "tak praela" 'right?'.[4]
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