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The World First Membrane roof and steel gridshell in the Rotunda by Vladimir Shukhov , Nizhny Novgorod , 1895 Rotunda and rectangular pavilion by Vladimir Shukhov , Nizhny Novgorod , 1896 Rotunda by Shukhov , Nizhny Novgorod , 1896 Shukhov Rotunda was a round exhibition pavilion built for All-Russia Exhibition 1896 in Nizhny Novgorod , Russia . It was built in 1896 with a diagrid hanging cover (tensile gridshell – diagrid roof , Russian Empire patent No. 1894, dated March 12, 1899) and was the world's first Hyperboloid structure (in the center of the Rotunda). It is named after Vladimir Shukhov , who designed it in 1895.[1]
The Rotunda was 16 metres (52 ft) high with a diameter of 68 metres (223 ft) . The diameter of the steel membrane was 25 metres (82 ft) .
The rotunda was subsequently moved to Yessentuki and demolished in the 1980s.[2]
"The Nijni-Novgorod exhibition: Water tower, room under construction, springing of 91 feet span", "The Engineer" , № 19.3.1897, P.292-294, London, 1897.
Brumfield, William Craft (1991). The Origins of Modernism in Russian Architecture ISBN 978-0-520-06929-9 Elizabeth C. English : “Arkhitektura i mnimosti”: The origins of Soviet avant-garde rationalist architecture in the Russian mystical-philosophical and mathematical intellectual tradition” , a dissertation in architecture, 264 p., University of Pennsylvania, 2000.Rotonda of the Panrussian Exposition (1896) at Structurae (in German)
Graefe, Rainer; Gappoev, Murat; Pertschi, Ottmar; Bach, Klaus; Auslandsbeziehungen, Institut für (1990). Vladimir G. Šuchov (in French). ISBN 978-3-421-02984-3 Picon, Antoine; Pompidou, Centre Georges (1997). Art de l'Ingenieur: Construction Entrepreneur Inventeur . Centre Georges Pompidou-Ircam. ISBN 978-2-85850-911-9 (in Italian)
(in Russian)
Шухов В. Г.: Избранные труды, том 1, «Строительная механика», 192 стр., под ред. А. Ю. Ишлинского, Академия наук СССР, Москва, 1977.
Грефе Р. и др.: «В. Г. Шухов (1853—1939). Искусство конструкции.» , «Мир», Москва, 1994, ISBN 978-5-03-002917-7 .
Шухова Е. М.: «Владимир Григорьевич Шухов. Первый инженер России.», 368 стр., Изд. МГТУ, Москва, 2003, ISBN 978-5-7038-2295-1 . 
