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Type of aircraft From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Shenyang JJ-1, also known as the Hong Zhuan-503 or Red Special, was a jet trainer developed in the People's Republic of China (PRC) during the 1950s. It was the first jet aircraft designed in China, with Xu Shunshou as the chief designer.[2] Two prototypes flew, but further development was abandoned.[3]
JJ-1 | |
---|---|
A JJ-1 in the Chinese Aviation Museum at Datangshan, north of Beijing | |
Role | Jet trainer |
National origin | People's Republic of China (PRC) |
Manufacturer | Shenyang Aircraft Corporation |
First flight | 26 July 1958[1] |
Number built | 3 (two flying, one static) |
Due to differences in ideology the Soviet Union severed relations with the PRC in the late 1950s, robbing the PRC of access to modern Soviet technology, particularly aircraft and aviation-related items. To ensure that the People's Liberation Army Air Force could re-equip and train to fly jet fighters Shenyang Aircraft Corporation were approached by the PLAAF to design and build a prototype jet trainer.[1][3]
Xu Shunshou served as the director designer, and Huang Zhiqian and Ye Zhengda were deputy designers.[4] Xu led a team of 108 people,[5] whose average age was only 22. Most team members were recent university graduates, and only three people: Xu, Huang, and Lu Xiaopeng, had any aircraft design experience.[5][4]
To fill the PLAAF requirement, the designers at Shenyang produced the JJ-1, a straight-winged aircraft, with a retractable tricycle undercarriage, tandem cockpits with a side hinged canopy over the front cockpit and rearward sliding canopy over the rear cockpit (very similar to the Shenyang JJ-5) and intakes either side of the front cockpit.[1][3]
Power was supplied by a Shenyang Aircraft Development Office PF-1A, (Chinese copy of the Klimov RD-500 itself a copy of the Rolls-Royce Derwent), centrifugal compressor turbojet fitted in the centre fuselage, exhausting through a jet pipe extending to the tail of the fuselage. Armament was to have been a single 23 mm (0.91 in) calibre automatic cannon.[1][3]
Production was not carried out as it was found that pilots could transition to basic jet fighters from propeller driven fighters with few problems.[1][3] Nevertheless, as the first jet aircraft designed in China, the JJ-1 marked a new era of China's aircraft manufacturing industry.[6]
Testing was carried out on the two prototypes and static test airframe before development was cancelled.[3]
Data from International Resin Modellers,[3] Chinese Aircraft: China's aviation industry since 1951[1]
General characteristics
Performance
Armament
1x 23 mm (0.91 in) automatic cannon
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