Sheep may safely graze

"Sheep may safely graze" (German: Schafe können sicher weiden) is a soprano aria by Johann Sebastian Bach to words by Salomon Franck. The piece was written in 1713 and is part of the cantata Was mir behagt, ist nur die muntre Jagd, BWV 208 (Only the lively hunt pleases me), also known as the Hunting Cantata.

Like Bach's "Jesu, Joy of Man's Desiring", "Sheep may safely graze" is frequently played at weddings.^[1] However, the cantata BWV 208 was originally written for a birthday celebration of Christian, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels. Bach was based at the nearby court of Weimar, and musicians from both courts appear to have joined in the first performance in Weißenfels. Bach is known to have used the music again for other celebrations, but it remained unpublished until after his death.

Instrumentation

Bach had a Baroque instrumental ensemble at his disposal including two horns, an instrument associated with the hunt.^[2] For this number (movement 9 of the complete work), the singer is not accompanied by the full ensemble used elsewhere in the cantata, but by two recorders and continuo. The use of flute-like instruments is typical of pastoral music.

Since the revival of Bach's music in the 19th century, "Sheep may safely graze" has been arranged for other instruments.

Text

External audio
"Sheep may safely graze", sung by soprano Elisabeth Schwarzkopf in 1954 – via Internet Archive

The piece's title evokes a pastoral scene and has been referenced in discussions of how European culture depicts domestic animals and sheep in particular.^[3][4]

In the cantata, the recitative and aria are sung by the role of the ancient Roman god of shepherds, flocks, and livestock, Pales. Pales compares the peaceful life of sheep under a watchful shepherd to the inhabitants of a state with a wise ruler.^[5][6] If not performed within the cantata, the recitative is omitted.

Schafe können sicher weiden
Wo ein guter Hirte wacht.

Wo Regenten wohl regieren
Kann man Ruh' und Friede spüren
Und was Länder glücklich macht.

Sheep can safely graze
where a good shepherd watches over them.

Where rulers are ruling well,
we may feel peace and rest
and what makes countries happy.

Recordings

The work has often been recorded. It can be found in:

• recordings of the complete cantata, for example:
  • Bach: Secular Cantatas Vol. 2 (Hunting Cantata plus Die Zeit, die Tag und Jahre macht). Bach Collegium Japan, Joanne Lunn (soprano), Masaaki Suzuki (conductor).
• compilation albums, for example albums featuring the following soloists:
  • Emma Kirkby (soprano), (Emma Kirkby Collection)^[7]
  • Magdalena Kožená (mezzo-soprano), (J. S. Bach: Arias with Musica Florea)
  • Danielle de Niese (soprano), (Beauty of Baroque with the English Concert)
  • Nuria Rial (soprano), (Bach Arias with the Kammerorchester Basel directed by Julia Schröder).

Arrangements

Keyboard

Piano

"Sheep may safely graze" was arranged for piano by the American composer Mary Howe.^[8] Another notable piano transcription was made by Dutch pianist Egon Petri, published in 1944.^[9]

Sometimes the piece is played as a duet (piano-four-hands); there are versions by Duo Petrof,^[10] and Lang Lang and Gina Redlinger [de] (released as a bonus track with Lang Lang's recording of the Goldberg Variations).

Moog synthesiser

American composer and electronic musician Wendy Carlos arranged and recorded "Sheep may safely graze" on a Moog synthesizer for her 1973 album Switched-On Bach II.

Band and orchestra

Australian-born composer Percy Grainger wrote "Blithe Bells" for elastic scoring in 1931 on Bach's "Sheep may safely graze".^[11][12] In March 1931, he scored a wind band version.^[13]

The piece was arranged for string orchestra by British composer Granville Bantock.^[14] There is also an orchestral arrangement by British composer Sir William Walton, part of the ballet score The Wise Virgins.

References

1. "A Bride's Guide: Sample Wedding Music Programme". Naxos. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
2. van Boer, Jr.; Bertil H (April 1980). "Observations on Bach's Use of the Horn Part I". Bach. 11 (2): 21–28. JSTOR 41640100.
3. Gayford, Martin (14 August 2002). "Clouds over the rural idyll". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 19 February 2018. Few words give as great a sense of reassurance as "and sheep may safely graze"
4. Leith, Sam (2013). "Feral, by Geoge Monbiot – review: Sam Leith enjoys a vision of Britain where sheep may no longer safely graze". The Spectator. Retrieved 18 August 2022.
5. "Was mir behagt, ist nur die muntre Jagd!". University of Alberta (text) (in German). Retrieved 18 August 2022.
6. "Cantata BWV 208 Was mir behagt, ist nur die muntre Jagd! English Translation [by Francis Browne] in Parallel Format". Bach Cantatas Website (text). Retrieved 21 February 2023.
7. "Emma Kirkby Collection". Gramophone. Retrieved 14 May 2018.
8. Schafe können sicher weiden = Sheep may safely graze, transcribed for two pianos by Mary Howe, Oxford University Press (1935) OCLC 5061704 ISBN 978-0-19-372212-5
9. Mark, Karsten (6 July 2008). "Klavierfestival Ruhr: Leon Fleisher spielt Bach". Dorstener Zeitung (in German). Dortmund. Retrieved 24 September 2020.
10. "Shazam". Shazam.
11. Blithe Bells (Grainger, Percy): Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
12. "Blithe Bells". Schott Music (in German). Retrieved 24 September 2020.
13. "Blithe Bells". Wind Repertory Project. 3 March 2016. Retrieved 24 September 2020.
14. "Bach-Bantock: Arrangements/Transcriptions of Bach's Works – Works". www.bach-cantatas.com.

External links

• Was mir behagt, ist nur die muntre Jagd, BWV 208: Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
• "Sheep may safely graze" (audio) on YouTube, Kirsten Flagstad