AI tools

Semicarbazide

Chemical compound From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Semicarbazide

Semicarbazide is the chemical compound with the formula OC(NH2)(N2H3). It is a water-soluble white solid. It is a derivative of urea.

Quick Facts Names, Identifiers ...
Semicarbazide
Thumb
Thumb
Names
IUPAC name
Aminourea[1]
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.308
KEGG
UNII
  • InChI=1S/CH5N3O/c2-1(5)4-3/h3H2,(H3,2,4,5) Y
    Key: DUIOPKIIICUYRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
  • InChI=1/CH5N3O/c2-1(5)4-3/h3H2,(H3,2,4,5)
    Key: DUIOPKIIICUYRZ-UHFFFAOYAJ
  • C(=O)(N)NN
Properties
H2NNHC(=O)NH2
Molar mass 75.08 g/mol
Melting point 96 °C
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS06: ToxicGHS07: Exclamation mark
Danger
H301, H315, H319, H335
P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
ThumbHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
2
0
0
Safety data sheet (SDS)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Y verify (what is YN ?)
Close

Synthesis

The compound prepared by treating urea with hydrazine:[2]

OC(NH2)2 + N2H4 → OC(NH2)(N2H3) + NH3

A further reaction can occur to give carbohydrazide:

OC(NH2)(N2H3) + N2H4 → OC(N2H3)2 + NH3

Derivatives

Semicarbazide is frequently reacted with aldehydes and ketones to produce semicarbazones via a condensation reaction. This is an example of imine formation resulting from the reaction of a primary amine with a carbonyl group. The reaction is useful because semicarbazones, like oximes and 2,4-DNPs, typically have high melting points and crystallize, facilitating purification or identification of reaction products.[3]

Properties

Semicarbazide products (semicarbazones and thiosemicarbazones) are known to have an activity of antiviral, antiinfective and antineoplastic through binding to copper or iron in cells.

Uses, occurrence, detection

Semicarbazide is used in preparing pharmaceuticals including nitrofuran antibacterials (furazolidone, nitrofurazone, nitrofurantoin) and related compounds. It is also a product of degradations of the blowing agent azodicarbonamide (ADC). Semicarbazide forms in heat-treated flour containing ADC as well as breads made from ADC-treated flour.[4][5]

Semicarbazide is used as a detection reagent in thin layer chromatography (TLC). Semicarbazide stains α-keto acids on the TLC plate, which can then be viewed under ultraviolet light.

See also

References

External links

Loading related searches...

Wikiwand - on

Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.