Samuel Wallis

For the Australian rugby union player, see Sam Wallis. For the Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross, see Samuel Wallace.

Samuel Wallis (23 April 1728 – 21 January 1795 in London) was a British naval officer and explorer of the Pacific Ocean who made the first recorded visit by a European navigator to Tahiti.

Samuel Wallis
Portrait of Samuel Wallis by Henry Stubble, c. 1785
Born	23 April 1728 Fentenwoon, Cornwall
Died	21 January 1795 (aged 71) Devonshire Street, London
Allegiance	Kingdom of Great Britain
Service / branch	Royal Navy
Years of service	c.1748–1795
Rank	Captain
Commands	HMS Swan HMS Port Mahon HMS Prince of Orange HMS Dolphin HMS Torbay HMS Dublin HMS Queen
Known for	Pacific exploration
Battles / wars	Seven Years' War Action of 8 June 1755 Louisbourg Expedition Siege of Louisbourg Capture of Belle Île American Revolutionary War
Spouse(s)	Betty Hearle
Other work	Extra Commissioner of the Navy

Dolphin and Swallow drawn by Samuel Wallis, c. 1767

Captain Wallis facing Tahitians' hostility.

Memorial to Samuel Wallis and the crew in Truro Cathedral, Cornwall.

Biography

Wallis was born at Fenteroon Farm, near Camelford, Cornwall. He served under John Byron. In 1757, he was promoted to captain and was given the command of HMS Dolphin as commander of an expedition accompanied by Philip Carteret on HMS Swallow with an assignment to circumnavigate the globe.^[1] As was reported in the press, he was also tasked with discovering the Southern Continent.^[2] The two ships were parted by a storm shortly after sailing through the Strait of Magellan. In June 1767, the expedition made the first European landfall on Tahiti, which he named "King George the Third's Island" in honour of the King. Wallis himself was ill and remained in his cabin so lieutenant Tobias Furneaux was the first to set foot, hoisting a pennant and turning a turf, taking possession in the name of His Majesty. He described Tahiti as having a very good climate and the island being 'one of the most healthy as well as delightful spots in the world'.^[3]

Dolphin stayed in Matavai Bay in Tahiti for over a month.^[1] Wallis went on to name or rename five more islands in the Society Islands and six atolls in the Tuamotu Islands, as well as confirming the locations of Rongerik and Rongelap in the Marshall Islands. He renamed the Polynesian island of Uvea as Wallis after himself, before reaching Tinian in the Mariana Islands.^[1] He continued to Batavia, where many of the crew died from dysentery, then via the Cape of Good Hope to England, arriving in May 1768.

Following his return in England, Wallis was able to pass on useful information to James Cook, who was due to depart shortly for the Pacific, and some of the crew from the Dolphin sailed with Cook. Although Cook carried an official report of Wallis's circumnavigation, it is not known whether the two met prior to Cook's departure in August 1768.

In 1780, Wallis was appointed an Extra Commissioner of the Navy.

See also

• Cornwall portal

• European and American voyages of scientific exploration
• The Well-Travelled Goat

Notes

1. Quanchi, Historical Dictionary of the Discovery and Exploration of the Pacific Islands, p. 248
2. The Public Ledger and The Gazetteer, 5 July 1766.
3. John Hawkesworth, An Account of the Voyages Undertaken by the Order of His Present Majesty for Making Discoveries in the Southern Hemisphere, Chapter VIII, p. 313

References

• Glyndwr Williams, 'Wallis, Samuel (1728–1795)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2005 accessed 10 Dec 2007
• Quanchi, Max (2005). Historical Dictionary of the Discovery and Exploration of the Pacific Islands. The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0810853957.
• Hawkesworth, John; Byron, John; Wallis, Samuel; Carteret, Philip; Cook, James; Banks, Joseph (1773), An account of the voyages undertaken by the order of His present Majesty for making discoveries in the Southern Hemisphere, and successively performed by Commodore Byron, Captain Wallis, Captain Carteret, and Captain Cook, in the Dolphin, the Swallow, and the Endeavour drawn up from the journals which were kept by the several commanders, and from the papers of Joseph Banks, esq, London Printed for W. Strahan and T. Cadell, Volume I, Volumes II–III

External links

• South Seas Companion Biographical entry
• Biographical references. Royal Geographical Society of South Australia