Roi Et province

Roi Et (Thai: ร้อยเอ็ด, pronounced [rɔ́ːj ʔèt]; Northeastern Thai: ร้อยเอ็ด, pronounced [lɔ̂ːj ʔět]) is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat) lies in central northeastern Thailand also called Isan. Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise) Kalasin, Mukdahan, Yasothon, Sisaket, Surin, and Maha Sarakham.

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Quick Facts ร้อยเอ็ด, Country ...

Roi Et ร้อยเอ็ด
Province
From left to right, top to bottom: Wat Burapha Phiram, Wat Pa Kung, Bueng Phalan Chai, Phra Maha Chedi Chai Mongkhon, Ku Ka Sing
Flag Seal
Motto(s): สิบเอ็ดประตูเมืองงาม เรืองนามพระสูงใหญ่ ผ้าไหมสาเกต บุญผะเหวดประเพณี มหาเจดีย์ชัยมงคล งามน่ายลบึงพลาญชัย เขตกว้างไกลทุ่งกุลา โลกลือชาข้าวหอมมะลิ ("The beautiful eleven city gates. Renowned tallest Buddha image. Saket silk. The Bun Phawet festival. The great Chedi Chai Mongkhon. Fascinating Bueng Phalan Chai. The wide fields of Thung Kula. Internationally famous white rice.")
Map of Thailand highlighting Roi Et province
Country	Thailand
Capital	Roi Et
Government
• Governor	Chatchawan Benjasiriwong (since 2024)
Area ^[1]
• Total	7,873 km² (3,040 sq mi)
• Rank	25th
Elevation	150 m (490 ft)
Population (2024)^[2]
• Total	1,275,519
• Rank	16th
• Density	162/km² (420/sq mi)
• Rank	21st
Human Achievement Index ^[3]
• HAI (2022)	0.6654 "high" Ranked 10th
GDP ^[4]
• Total	baht 73 billion (US$2.4 billion) (2019)
Time zone	UTC+7 (ICT)
Postal code	45xxx
Calling code	043
ISO 3166 code	TH-45
Website	roiet.go.th

Quick Facts องค์การบริหารส่วนจังหวัดร้อยเอ็ด, Government ...

Roi Et Provincial Administrative Organization องค์การบริหารส่วนจังหวัดร้อยเอ็ด
Provincial Administrative Organization
Seal

Government
• Type	Local administrative divisions
• Body	Roi Et Provincial Administrative Organization
• President	Seksit Wainiyompong
Website	pao-roiet.go.th

Toponymy

The name of the province literally means 'one hundred and one' (Thai: ร้อยเอ็ด; RTGS: roi et ). Correctly, the number should be "eleven" (Thai: สิบเอ็ด; RTGS: sip et ), as the province was named after its eleven ancient gates built for its eleven vassal states. In ancient times, the number "eleven" was written "๑๐๑" (101) and the provincial name was written accordingly. Later, people took "๑๐๑" to mean 'one hundred and one' and have since then called it "Roi Et".^[5]

Geography

Most of the province is covered by plains about 130–160 meters above sea level, drained by the Chi River. In the north are the hills of the Phu Phan mountain range. The Yang River is the major watercourse. In the south is the Mun River, which also forms the boundary with Surin. At the mouth of the Chi River, where it enters the Mun River, a floodplain provides a good rice farming area. The total forest area is 346 km² (134 sq mi) or 4.4 percent of provincial area.^[1]

History

The area was already settled at the time of the Khmer empire, as several ruins show. However, the main history of the province began when Lao people from Champasak settled near Suwannaphum during the Ayutthaya Kingdom.^{[citation needed]} In the late-18th century, King Taksin moved the city to its present site, then called Saket Nakhon.^[6]

Symbols

The provincial seal shows the shrine of the city pillar, which is in the artificial lake Bueng Phalan Chai. The spirit of the shrine, Mahesak, is revered by local people.

The provincial tree is Lagerstroemia macrocarpa. The provincial aquatic life is the spiny eel Macrognathus siamensis. It is an ingredient in making a namya (curry sauce) for eating with khanom chin (rice vermicelli), a local delicacy.

Transportation

Road

Route 214 leads north to Kalasin and south to Kaset Wiset, Surin, and Prasat. Route 2044 leads east to Phon Thong. Route 23 leads west to Maha Sarakham and Ban Phai, and east to Yasothon and Ubon Ratchathani. Route 215 leads south to Suwannaphum and the border with Surin province.

Air

Roi Et is served by Roi Et Airport to the north of the town.^[7]Thai AirAsia operates daily flights to Don Mueang Airport 470 kilometers away.

Administrative divisions

Provincial government

The province is divided into 20 districts (amphoes). The districts are further divided into 193 subdistricts (tambons) and 2,311 villages (mubans).

Local government

As of 26 November 2019 there are:^[8] one Roi Et Provincial Administration Organisation (ongkan borihan suan changwat) and 73 municipal (thesaban) areas in the province. Roi Et has town (thesaban mueang) status. Further 72 subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon). The non-municipal areas are administered by 129 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations - SAO (ongkan borihan suan tambon).

Human achievement index 2022

Health	Education	Employment	Income

37	30	56	6
Housing	Family	Transport	Participation

8	18	46	60
Province Roi Et, with an HAI 2022 value of 0.6654 is "high", occupies place 10 in the ranking.

Since 2003, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using the Human achievement index (HAI), a composite index covering all the eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.^[3]