Reshafim

Reshafim (Hebrew: רְשָׁפִים, lit. Sparks) is a kibbutz in northeastern Israel. Located two kilometres to the south of the town of Beit She'an in the Beit She'an Valley, it falls under the jurisdiction of Valley of Springs Regional Council. In 2022 , it had a population of 1,256.^[2]

Reshafim רְשָׁפִים‎
Etymology: 'Sparks'
Reshafim Show map of Jezreel Valley region of Israel Reshafim Show map of Israel
Coordinates: 32°28′53″N 35°28′38″E
Country	Israel
District	Northern
Council	Valley of Springs
Affiliation	Kibbutz Movement
Founded	cooperative: 1944,[1] settlement: 1948/49
Founded by	Hashomer Hatzair members
Population  (2022)	1,256[2]
Website	www.reshafim.org.il

History

The cooperative association was registered on October 13, 1944, as "Reshafim Kibutz Hashomer Hatzair Kvutzat Poalim Lehityashvut Shetufit Limited".^[1] A first settlement was established by Hashomer Hatzair members movement in 1947 at Kiryat Haim. In 1948 land was allocated to Reshafim from village lands of the Palestinian village of al-Ashrafiyya, which was depopulated after 10–11 May during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.^[3][4] In 1949 the members and their children moved to the permanent location near Beit She'an.

For the first few months at the site, the members of kibbutz Reshafim lived temporarily in a camp jointly with the members of kibbutz Shluhot which belonged to the Orthodox Religious Kibbutz Movement. The camp was later broken up when both kibbutzim were established adjacent to each other.^[5]

The founder members were mostly Holocaust survivors from Romania and Bulgaria. They were joined by a small group of Israeli-born Sabras, and in 1949 by Polish refugees. In the 1950s a group of Argentine Jews and another group consisting mostly of Sephardic Jews joined the kibbutz. In the 1960s members were recruited from the Hashomer Hatzair youth movement and the Nahal from among the descendants of kibbutz members. With the decline of Western socialism and growing economic difficulties in the 1980s and 1990s population numbers stagnated.^{[citation needed]}

Economy

At its inception Reshafim was a classical kibbutz where all the means of production belonged to the commune and members received equal shares of services, products, and money as remuneration. During the 1990s a process of privatization began, culminating in members receiving salaries and having to pay for services.

In 2022 the commune still owns a dairy, orchards, fresh-water fishery, solar power installations, is partner in a chicken farm, an agricultural co-operative, and in a production facility for medicinal cannabis. It has sold all its shares in the Terraflex Industries plastics factory, but continued to own and lease its installations.^[6] The vast majority of the kibbutz members have found employment outside the kibbutz.

References

1. Government of Palestine, The Palestine Gazette, No. 1372, p. 1096, November 9, 1944.
2. "Regional Statistics". Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
3. Morris, Benny (2004). The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 227. ISBN 978-0-521-00967-6.
4. All that remains : the Palestinian villages occupied and depopulated by Israel in 1948. Khalidi, Walid. Washington, D.C.: Institute for Palestine Studies. 1992. ISBN 0-88728-224-5. OCLC 25632612.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
5. Davar, 17/06/1949, article in Hebrew: "קיבוץ רשפים עלה למקום התיישותו"
6. "Company Overview of Terraflex Industries". Bloomberg L.P. Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved 23 April 2019.