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The Rainbow Books are a collection of CD format specifications, generally written and published by the companies involved in their development, including Philips, Sony, Matsushita and JVC, among others.
A number of these specifications have been officially adopted by established standards bodies, including the ISO, IEC, and ECMA.
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- CD-DA (Digital Audio) – originally published by Philips and Sony in 1981,[1] it was later standardized as IEC 60908:1987[2] and later IEC 60908:1999.[3]
- CD-Text – a 1996 extension to CD-DA
- CD-MIDI – part of the original Red Book standard
- CD+G (plus Graphics) – an extension of the Red Book specifications used mainly for karaoke
- CD+EG / CD+XG (plus Extended Graphics) – an extension of CD+G
Orange is a reference to the fact that red and yellow mix to orange. This correlates with the fact that CD-R and CD-RW are capable of audio ("Red") and data ("Yellow"); although other colors (other CD standards) that do not mix are capable of being burned onto the physical medium. Orange Book also introduced the standard for multisession writing.
- CD-MO (Magneto-Optical)[11]
- CD-R (Recordable) alias CD-WO (Write Once) alias CD-WORM (Write Once, Read Many) – originally developed by Sony and Philips,[12] it was partially standardized as ECMA-394.[13]
- CD-RW (ReWritable) alias CD-E (Eraseable) – originally developed by Philips, Sony and Ricoh,[14] it was partially standardized as ECMA-395.[15]
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- Photo CD (Photo) — proprietary standard jointly developed by Philips and Eastman Kodak;[16] never released to the public[17]
The White Book refers to a standard of compact disc that stores pictures and video.
- CD-i Bridge[18] - a bridge format between CD-ROM XA and the Green Book CD-i, which is the base format for Video CDs, Super Video CDs and Photo CDs.
- VCD (Video) – a standard jointly developed and published by JVC, Matsushita, Philips and Sony.[19]
The Blue Book is a compact disc standard that defines the Enhanced Music CD format, which combines audio tracks and data tracks on the same disc.
- E-CD/CD+/CD Extra (Enhanced)[21] – a standard jointly developed and published by Microsoft, Philips and Sony
Scarlet color of this book is a reference to the Red Book, which defines original CDDA.
A standard developed by Philips and Sony in the late 1990s, with over 1 GB in capacity and recordable/re-recordable capabilities.[23]
- ISO 9660, a 1986 filesystem standard used in conjunction with CD-ROM formats.
- Orange-Book-Standard, a decision named after the Compact Disc standard, issued in 2009 by the German Federal Court of Justice on the interaction between patent law and standards
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