Prince Carlo, Duke of Castro

Prince Carlo of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Duke of Castro (born 24 February 1963) is one of the two claimants to the headship of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies.

Prince Carlo
Duke of Castro
Prince Carlo at the Pallavicini Palace, 2016
Head of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (disputed)
Tenure	20 March 2008 – present
Predecessor	Prince Ferdinand
Heir apparent	Princess Maria Carolina
Born	(1963-02-24) 24 February 1963 (age 61) Saint-Raphaël, Var, France
Spouse	Camilla Crociani ​ (m. 1998)​
Issue	Princess Maria Carolina, Duchess of Calabria and Palermo Princess Maria Chiara, Duchess of Noto and Capri
Names Italian: Carlo Maria Bernardo Gennaro di Borbone-Due Sicilie
House	Bourbon-Two Sicilies
Father	Prince Ferdinand, Duke of Castro
Mother	Chantal de Chevron-Villette

Early life

Prince Carlo was born at Saint-Raphaël, Var, France, as the only son of Prince Ferdinand, Duke of Castro and Chantal de Chevron-Villette. He was educated at the Collège Stanislas and later studied at the Université Internationale Libre in Paris.

Marriage and issue

On 31 October 1998, Prince Carlo married Camilla Crociani, daughter of Italian billionaire Camillo Crociani and his second wife, Italian actress Edy Vessel. Together Carlo and Camilla have two daughters:

• Princess Maria Carolina, Duchess of Calabria, Duchess of Palermo and heir apparent to the house of Bourbone-Due Sicilie (born 2003)^[1]
• Princess Maria Chiara, Duchess of Noto and Capri (born 2005)^[2]

Claimed headship of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies

In 2008, Carlo succeeded to his father's claim as head of the House of the Two Sicilies and the use of the title Duke of Castro. This claim is disputed by the Spanish branch of the House of the Two Sicilies. As claimant to the headship of the house, he thus also claims to be sovereign of the Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George as well as the Royal Order of Francis I.

The dispute between the Castroan and Spanish branches of the family began after the death of the last uncontested head of the house, Ferdinand Pius, in 1960. By male primogeniture, the immediate male heir of Ferdinand Pius was his nephew Infante Alfonso, the son of Pius's eldest younger brother Carlos. Carlos married María de las Mercedes, Princess of Asturias, the heir presumptive of Spain, in 1901. As a result of the marriage, his family forced Carlos to renounce his "eventual succession to the crown" of the Two Sicilies, in line with the centuries-old agreement that the crowns of Spain and the Two Sicilies were not to unify. Although this renunciation was interpreted by some as removing Carlos and his descendants from the line of succession of the Two Sicilies, supporters of Alfonso argued that the renunciation would only have applied if Carlos's wife or an eventual son had actually become the sovereign of Spain, which did not happen and would have most likely not happened at the time of the signing regardless. Nevertheless, Ferdinand Pius's and Carlos's younger brother, Ranieri, began to regard himself as Pius's heir. Upon Pius's death, both Ranieri and Alfonso claimed to be the legitimate heads of the family.^[3]

Alfonso's line of the family (today represented by Carlo's rival claimant, Pedro) has been officially recognized as the legitimate line by the Government of Spain,^[4][5] the Spanish royal house,^[6] the Parmesan royal house and the Portuguese royal house, whereas Ranieri's line was recognized by many non-ruling European dynasts of former monarchies (no current monarch except the king of Spain has officially stated its view on the matter), namely the Count of Paris, Umberto of Italy, Gottfried of Austria-Tuscany, the Duke of Bavaria, the Duke of Württemberg, the Duke of Aosta, the Duke of Genoa, the Duke of Hohenberg, Prince Luiz of Orléans-Braganza and Prince Michael of Greece,^[7] as well as all other members of the Sicilian house itself. It has been argued^{[by whom?]} by some that the Counts of Paris supported the Castro line simply because their own pretence to the French throne depends entirely on the same principle of renunciation as the Act of Cannes, and so it would be against their own interest to support the Calabrian line. The Parises, however, sidelined a branch that renounced the claim of actually ascending a foreign throne and that reigns that throne until today (Bourbons of Spain). Interestingly, most of the other outspoken supporters of the Castro line were either sons-in-law of the Count of Paris or closely related to him.

Honours

Dynastic

• House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies:
  • Sovereign Knight of the Order of Saint Januarius.^[8][9][10]
  • Sovereign Knight Grand Cross with Collar of Justice of the Two Sicilian Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George.^[8]
  • Sovereign Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Saint Ferdinand and Merit.^[8]
  • Sovereign of the Royal Order of the Two-Sicilies.^[8]
  • Sovereign Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Saint George of the Reunion.^[8]
  • Sovereign Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Francis I.^[8]
• House of Petrović-Njegoš: Knight Grand Cross with Silver Star of the Order of Prince Danilo I.^[11]
• House of Zogu: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Skanderbeg.^[12]
• Italian Royal Family:
  • Knight of the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation.^[13]
  • Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus.^[14]
  • Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of Savoy.^[15]
• Portuguese royal family: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa.^[16]

Ecclesisastical

• Melkite Greek Catholic Church: Knight Grand Cross of the Patriarchal Order of the Holy Cross of Jerusalem.^[17]

National

•  Italy: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic.^[8][18]
•  Sovereign Military Order of Malta:
  • Bailiff Knight Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.^[8][19]
  • Knight Grand Cross of the Order pro Merito Melitensi.^[20][21]

Foreign

•  Colombia: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of San Carlos.^[22]
•  Costa Rica: Knight Grand Cross of the National Order of Juan Mora Fernandez.^[23]
•  Dominica: Member of the Decoration of Honour.^[24]
•  Lebanon: Extraordinary Class of the Lebanese Order of Merit.^[25]
•  Panama: Grand Cross of the Order of Vasco Núñez de Balboa, Special Class.^[26]
•  San Marino: Knight Grand Cross of the Equestrian Order of Saint Agatha.^[27]
•  Syria: Grand Cross of the Order of Civil Merit.^[8][28]
•  Tonga: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of The Most Devoted Royal Household Order of Tonga.^[29]

In letters dated 21 July 2017, the Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda issued a notice that the Duke of Castro's 2014 appointment to the Order of the Nation had been annulled. The appointment of his wife was likewise annulled.^[30] In 2020, the branch of the Constantinian Order led by Prince Carlo was alleged to have influenced the election of Patricia Scotland as Commonwealth Secretary-General, which a spokesman for the Order denied, saying "These allegations are wholly offensive and wrong".^[31] It was alleged that Scotland used the Order's awards to influence votes in her favour, even though four of the five honoured national leaders had voted against her appointment.^[31]

Awards

•  United Kingdom: Freedom of the City of London^[32]

Ancestry

Ancestors of Prince Carlo, Duke of Castro

16. Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies 8. Prince Alfonso, Count of Caserta 17. Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria 4. Prince Ranieri, Duke of Castro 18. Prince Francis, Count of Trapani (= 22) 9. Princess Maria Antonietta of Bourbon-Two Sicilies 19. Archduchess Maria Isabella of Austria (= 23) 2. Prince Ferdinand, Duke of Castro 20. Count Stanisław Kostka Andrzej Zamoyski 10. Count Andrzej Przemysław Zamoyski 21. Countess Róża Marianna Potocka 5. Countess Maria Carolina Zamoyska 22. Prince Francis, Count of Trapani (= 18) 11. Princess Maria Carolina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies 23. Archduchess Maria Isabella of Austria (= 19) 1. Prince Carlo, Duke of Castro 24. Theophile Victor, Count of Chevron-Villette 12. Charles Albert de Chevron-Villette 25. Idalie de Pougny de Guillet de Monthoux 6. Pierre Joseph, Count of Chevron-Villette 26. Henri Fromentin de Saint-Charles 13. Louise Fromentin de Saint-Charles 27. Clemence Marie Justine Delocre 3. Chantal de Chevron-Villette 28. Edouard, Count of Colbert-Cannet 14. Alphonse, Marquis of Colbert-Cannet 29. Caroline de Colbert-Turgis 7. Marie de Colbert-Cannet 30. André Stéphane Brossier, Baron de La Roullière 15. Anne Marie Brossier de La Roullière 31. Louise Bayon de Libertat

References

1. "HRH Princess Maria Carolina, Duchess of Calabria and Palermo – Real Casa di Borbone delle Due Sicilie".
2. "H.R.H. Princess Maria Chiara, Duchess of Noto and Capri – Real Casa di Borbone delle Due Sicilie".
3. Sainty, Guy Stair (2018). The Constantinian Order of Saint George: and the Angeli, Farnese and Bourbon families which governed it. Boletín Oficial del Estado. ISBN 978-8434025066. pp. 288, 347–350
4. Published in English in Sainty, Op. cit. 1989, pp. 134–191.
5. The Succession to the Headship of the Two Sicilies Royal House Archived 11 October 2006 at the Wayback Machine
6. Opfell, Olga S. (2001). Royalty Who Wait: The 21 Heads of Formerly Regnant Houses of Europe. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0786409013. pp. 37–38.
7. Sainty, Guy Stair (2018). The Constantinian Order of Saint George: and the Angeli, Farnese and Bourbon families which governed it. Boletín Oficial del Estado. ISBN 978-8434025066. pp. 359–360
8. Constantanian.org.uk, Page in which Carlo's titles and orders are listed
9. "Illustrious Royal Order of Saint Januarius - Sacred Military Constantinian Order of St. George". Constantinian.org.uk. 4 October 2012. Retrieved 8 June 2020.
10. Carlo wearing the grand cross set of Januarius
11. "The Grand Master: HRH Prince Charles of Bourbon Two Sicilies, Duke of Castro".
12. "The Grand Master: HRH Prince Charles of Bourbon Two Sicilies, Duke of Castro".
13. "The Grand Master: HRH Prince Charles of Bourbon Two Sicilies, Duke of Castro".
14. "The Grand Master: HRH Prince Charles of Bourbon Two Sicilies, Duke of Castro".
15. "Zoppi, Count Vittorio, (23 Feb. 1898–6 May 1967), Knight Grand Cross Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana", Who Was Who, Oxford University Press, 1 December 2007, doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u48869, retrieved 20 September 2022
16. "The Grand Master: HRH Prince Charles of Bourbon Two Sicilies, Duke of Castro".
17. "The Grand Master: HRH Prince Charles of Bourbon Two Sicilies, Duke of Castro".
18. "Le Onorificenze". Website: Presidenza Della Repubblica (in Italian). Office of the President of the Italian Republic. 1 May 2011. Archived from the original on 30 March 2012. Retrieved 5 June 2011. BORBONE DELLE DUE SICILIE S.A.R. il Principe Carlo, Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana, Data del conferimento: 29 July 1996. English Translation: Borbon of the Two Sicilies, H.R.H. The Prince Carlo, Knight Grand Cross in the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic, Date conferred: 29 July 1996.
19. wearing the Necklet of malta
20. "Address by HRH The Duke of Castro on the occasion of the conferring of the Grand Cross pro Merito Melitensi within the Special Class of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta Roma" (PDF). 5 December 2013.
21. Real, Redazione (31 December 2013). "Duke of Castro honoured by the Order of Malta – Real Casa di Borbone delle Due Sicilie". Realcasadiborbone.it. Retrieved 8 June 2020.
22. "The Grand Master: HRH Prince Charles of Bourbon Two Sicilies, Duke of Castro".
23. "The Grand Master: HRH Prince Charles of Bourbon Two Sicilies, Duke of Castro".
24. "H.E Charles Savarin And PM Skerrit Awarded Knight Grand Cross of Merit". News.gov.dm. 7 November 2014. Archived from the original on 21 August 2021. Retrieved 8 June 2020.
25. "The Grand Master: HRH Prince Charles of Bourbon Two Sicilies, Duke of Castro".
26. "Duke of Castro, Duke of Calabria and Cardinal Pompedda receive highest honours from the President of Panama - Sacred Military Constantinian Order of St. George". Constantinian.org.uk. 27 March 2012. Retrieved 8 June 2020.
27. "The Grand Master: HRH Prince Charles of Bourbon Two Sicilies, Duke of Castro".
28. "Chi Magazine - 7 April 2004 - Sacred Military Constantinian Order of St. George". Constantinian.org.uk. 7 April 2004. Retrieved 8 June 2020.
29. "The Grand Master: HRH Prince Charles of Bourbon Two Sicilies, Duke of Castro".
30. Office of the Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda, 7 August 2017, London Gazette
31. "Order denies allegations it awarded knighthoods for political influence". The Tablet. Retrieved 6 March 2020.
32. Independent Catholic News

External links

• Official Website of the Royal House of Bourbon Two Siciilies
• Official Website of the Grand Magistry of the Constantinian Order
• Official Website of the British and Irish Delegation of the Constantinian Order

Prince Carlo, Duke of Castro House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies Cadet branch of the House of Bourbon Born: 24 February 1963
Italian nobility
Preceded by Prince Ferdinand	Duke of Castro 20 March 2008 – present	Incumbent Heir: Princess Maria Carolina, Duchess of Calabria and Palermo
Titles in pretence
Preceded by Ferdinand III	— TITULAR — King of the Two Sicilies (Castro claimant) 2008 – present Reason for succession failure: Italian Unification under the House of Savoy	Incumbent Heir: Princess Maria Carolina, Duchess of Calabria and Palermo
Preceded by Prince Pedro of Bourbon-Two Sicilies	Line of succession to the throne of the Two Sicilies (Calabria line) 5th position	Succeeded by Prince François of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
	Line of succession to the French throne (Legitimist) c. 24th position	Succeeded by Adrian de Bourbon