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Grammatical forms of verbs in the Portuguese language From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Portuguese verbs display a high degree of inflection. A typical regular verb has over fifty different forms, expressing up to six different grammatical tenses and three moods. Two forms are peculiar to Portuguese within the Romance languages:
It has also several verbal periphrases.
Portuguese verbs have the following properties.
Classes with an asterisk are entirely periphrastic. The passive voice can be constructed in two different ways. The pluperfect and the future of the indicative mood, as well as the conditional form, are often replaced with other verbal constructions or verbal periphrases in the spoken language.
Conjugation is demonstrated here with the important irregular verb fazer, "to do":
number | person | Indicative mood | Conditional[lower-alpha 1] | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present | Preterite | Imperfect | Pluperfect[lower-alpha 2] | Future[lower-alpha 3] | |||
singular | 1st | faço | fiz | fazia | fizera | farei | faria |
2nd | fazes | fizeste | fazias | fizeras | farás | farias | |
3rd | faz | fez | fazia | fizera | fará | faria | |
plural | 1st | fazemos | fizemos | fazíamos | fizéramos | faremos | faríamos |
2nd | fazeis | fizestes | fazíeis | fizéreis | fareis | faríeis | |
3rd | fazem | fizeram | faziam | fizeram | farão | fariam | |
number | person | Subjunctive mood | Personal infinitive[lower-alpha 4] | ||||
Present | Preterite | Imperfect | Pluperfect | Future[lower-alpha 4] | |||
singular | 1st | faça | tenha feito | fizesse | tivesse feito | fizer | fazer |
2nd | faças | tenhas feito | fizesses | tivesses feito | fizeres | fazeres | |
3rd | faça | tenha feito | fizesse | tivesse feito | fizer | fazer | |
plural | 1st | façamos | tenhamos feito | fizéssemos | tivéssemos feito | fizermos | fazermos |
2nd | façais | tenhais feito | fizésseis | tivésseis feito | fizerdes | fazerdes | |
3rd | façam | tenham feito | fizessem | tivessem feito | fizerem | fazerem | |
number | person | Imperative mood[lower-alpha 5] | Infinitive | fazer | |||
Affirmative imperative | Negative imperative | ||||||
singular | 1st | N/A | N/A | Past participle | feito | ||
2nd | faz/faze | faças | |||||
3rd | faça | faça | Present participle[lower-alpha 6] | faciente | |||
plural | 1st | façamos | façamos | ||||
2nd | fazei | façais | Gerund | fazendo | |||
3rd | façam | façam |
Periphrastic forms are as follows:
Tense | Basic | Progressive | Perfect | Perfect progressive | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | Gerund | Infinitive | Gerund | |||
Present | faço | estou a fazer | estou fazendo | tenho feito | tenho estado a fazer | tenho estado fazendo |
Past | fiz | estava a fazer | estava fazendo | tinha feito | tinha estado a fazer | tinha estado fazendo |
Future | farei | estarei a fazer | estarei fazendo | terei feito | terei estado a fazer | terei estado fazendo |
The tenses correspond to:
The five non-finite forms generally correspond to:
The moods are used roughly as follows:
For the Portuguese personal pronouns (which are omitted whenever they can be inferred from the ending of the conjugated verb or the context), see Portuguese personal pronouns and possessives.
Regular verbs belong to one of three conjugation classes, distinguished by the ending of their infinitive forms (which is also their citation form):
The verb pôr is conventionally placed in the second conjugation by many authors, since it is derived from Old Portuguese poer (Latin ponere). In any event, this is an irregular verb whose conjugation must be learned on its own. Other verbs with infinitives ending in -or, such as depor, compor, and propor are derivatives of pôr, and are conjugated in the same way.
number | person | Indicative mood | Conditional | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present | Preterite | Imperfect | Pluperfect | Future | |||
singular | 1st | canto | cantei | cantava | cantara | cantarei | cantaria |
2nd | cantas | cantaste | cantavas | cantaras | cantarás | cantarias | |
3rd | canta | cantou | cantava | cantara | cantará | cantaria | |
plural | 1st | cantamos | cantámosEP cantamosBP |
cantávamos | cantáramos | cantaremos | cantaríamos |
2nd | cantais | cantastes | cantáveis | cantáreis | cantareis | cantaríeis | |
3rd | cantam | cantaram | cantavam | cantaram | cantarão | cantariam | |
number | person | Subjunctive mood | Personal infinitive | ||||
Present | Preterite | Imperfect | Pluperfect | Future | |||
singular | 1st | cante | tenha cantado | cantasse | tivesse cantado | cantar | cantar |
2nd | cantes | tenhas cantado | cantasses | tivesses cantado | cantares | cantares | |
3rd | cante | tenha cantado | cantasse | tivesse cantado | cantar | cantar | |
plural | 1st | cantemos | tenhamos cantado | cantássemos | tivéssemos cantado | cantarmos | cantarmos |
2nd | canteis | tenhais cantado | cantásseis | tivésseis cantado | cantardes | cantardes | |
3rd | cantem | tenham cantado | cantassem | tivessem cantado | cantarem | cantarem | |
number | person | Imperative mood | Infinitive | cantar | |||
Affirmative imperative | Negative imperative | ||||||
singular | 1st | N/A | N/A | Past participle | cantado | ||
2nd | canta | cantes | |||||
3rd | cante | cante | Present participle | cantante | |||
plural | 1st | cantemos | cantemos | ||||
2nd | cantai | canteis | Gerund | cantando | |||
3rd | cantem | cantem |
number | person | Indicative mood | Conditional | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present | Preterite | Imperfect | Pluperfect | Future | |||
singular | 1st | como | comi | comia | comera | comerei | comeria |
2nd | comes | comeste | comias | comeras | comerás | comerias | |
3rd | come | comeu | comia | comera | comerá | comeria | |
plural | 1st | comemos | comemos | comíamos | comêramos | comeremos | comeríamos |
2nd | comeis | comestes | comíeis | comêreis | comereis | comeríeis | |
3rd | comem | comeram | comiam | comeram | comerão | comeriam | |
number | person | Subjunctive mood | Personal infinitive | ||||
Present | Preterite | Imperfect | Pluperfect | Future | |||
singular | 1st | coma | tenha comido | comesse | tivesse comido | comer | comer |
2nd | comas | tenhas comido | comesses | tivesses comido | comeres | comeres | |
3rd | coma | tenha comido | comesse | tivesse comido | comer | comer | |
plural | 1st | comamos | tenhamos comido | comêssemos | tivéssemos comido | comermos | comermos |
2nd | comais | tenhais comido | comêsseis | tivésseis comido | comerdes | comerdes | |
3rd | comam | tenham comido | comessem | tivessem comido | comerem | comerem | |
number | person | Imperative mood | Infinitive | comer | |||
Affirmative imperative | Negative imperative | ||||||
singular | 1st | N/A | N/A | Past participle | comido | ||
2nd | come | comas | |||||
3rd | coma | coma | |||||
plural | 1st | comamos | comamos | ||||
2nd | comei | comais | Gerund | comendo | |||
3rd | comam | comam |
number | person | Indicative mood | Conditional | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present | Preterite | Imperfect | Pluperfect | Future | |||
singular | 1st | parto | parti | partia | partira | partirei | partiria |
2nd | partes | partiste | partias | partiras | partirás | partirias | |
3rd | parte | partiu | partia | partira | partirá | partiria | |
plural | 1st | partimos | partimos | partíamos | partíramos | partiremos | partiríamos |
2nd | partis | partistes | partíeis | partíreis | partireis | partiríeis | |
3rd | partem | partiram | partiam | partiram | partirão | partiriam | |
number | person | Subjunctive mood | Personal infinitive | ||||
Present | Preterite | Imperfect | Pluperfect | Future | |||
singular | 1st | parta | tenha partido | partisse | tivesse partido | partir | partir |
2nd | partas | tenhas partido | partisses | tivesses partido | partires | partires | |
3rd | parta | tenha partido | partisse | tivesse partido | partir | partir | |
plural | 1st | partamos | tenhamos partido | partíssemos | tivéssemos partido | partirmos | partirmos |
2nd | partais | tenhais partido | partísseis | tivésseis partido | partirdes | partirdes | |
3rd | partam | tenham partido | partissem | tivessem partido | partirem | partirem | |
number | person | Imperative mood | Infinitive | partir | |||
Affirmative imperative | Negative imperative | ||||||
singular | 1st | N/A | N/A | Past participle | partido | ||
2nd | parte | partas | |||||
3rd | parta | parta | |||||
plural | 1st | partamos | partamos | ||||
2nd | parti | partais | Gerund | partindo | |||
3rd | partam | partam |
Non-finite forms | Imperative | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | Past participle | Present participle | Gerund | ||
-ar -er -ir |
-ado -ido -ido |
-ante -ente -inte |
-ando -endo -indo |
(tu) | -a -e -e |
(vós) | -ai -ei -i |
Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Future subj. or personal infin. | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present | Preterite | Imperfect | Pluperfect | Future | Conditional | Present | Imperfect | ||
eu | -o -o -o |
-ei -i -i |
-ava -ia -ia |
-ara -era -ira |
-arei -erei -irei |
-aria -eria -iria |
-e -a -a |
-asse -esse -isse |
-ar -er -ir |
tu | -as -es -es |
-aste -este -iste |
-avas -ias -ias |
-aras -eras -iras |
-arás -erás -irás |
-arias -erias -irias |
-es -as -as |
-asses -esses -isses |
-ares -eres -ires |
ele/ela | -a -e -e |
-ou -eu -iu |
-ava -ia -ia |
-ara -era -ira |
-ará -erá -irá |
-aria -eria -iria |
-e -a -a |
-asse -esse -isse |
-ar -er -ir |
nós | -amos -emos -imos |
-ámosEP/-amosBP -emos -imos |
-ávamos -íamos -íamos |
-áramos -êramos -íramos |
-aremos -eremos -iremos |
-aríamos -eríamos -iríamos |
-emos -amos -amos |
-ássemos -êssemos -íssemos |
-armos -ermos -irmos |
vós | -ais -eis -is |
-astes -estes -istes |
-áveis -íeis -íeis |
-áreis -êreis -íreis |
-areis -ereis -ireis |
-aríeis -eríeis -iríeis |
-eis -ais -ais |
-ásseis -êsseis -ísseis |
-ardes -erdes -irdes |
eles/elas | -am -em -em |
-aram -eram -iram |
-avam -iam -iam |
-aram -eram -iram |
-arão -erão -irão |
-ariam -eriam -iriam |
-em -am -am |
-assem -essem -issem |
-arem -erem -irem |
The following irregular verbs are used as auxiliary verbs in various periphrastic constructions.
number | person | Indicative mood | Conditional | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present | Preterite | Imperfect | Pluperfect | Future | |||
singular | 1st | tenho | tive | tinha | tivera | terei | teria |
2nd | tens | tiveste | tinhas | tiveras | terás | terias | |
3rd | tem | teve | tinha | tivera | terá | teria | |
plural | 1st | temos | tivemos | tínhamos | tivéramos | teremos | teríamos |
2nd | tendes | tivestes | tínheis | tivéreis | tereis | teríeis | |
3rd | têm | tiveram | tinham | tiveram | terão | teriam | |
number | person | Subjunctive mood | Personal infinitive | ||||
Present | Preterite | Imperfect | Pluperfect | Future | |||
singular | 1st | tenha | tenha tido | tivesse | tivesse tido | tiver | ter |
2nd | tenhas | tenhas tido | tivesses | tivesses tido | tiveres | teres | |
3rd | tenha | tenha tido | tivesse | tivesse tido | tiver | ter | |
plural | 1st | tenhamos | tenhamos tido | tivéssemos | tivéssemos tido | tivermos | termos |
2nd | tenhais | tenhais tido | tivésseis | tivésseis tido | tiverdes | terdes | |
3rd | tenham | tenham tido | tivessem | tivessem tido | tiverem | terem | |
Imperative mood | Infinitive | ter | |||||
2nd pers. sing. | tem | Past participle | tido | ||||
2nd pers. plur. | tende | Gerund | tendo |
number | person | Indicative mood | Conditional | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present | Preterite | Imperfect | Pluperfect | Future | |||
singular | 1st | estou | estive | estava | estivera | estarei | estaria |
2nd | estás | estiveste | estavas | estiveras | estarás | estarias | |
3rd | está | esteve | estava | estivera | estará | estaria | |
plural | 1st | estamos | estivemos | estávamos | estivéramos | estaremos | estaríamos |
2nd | estais | estivestes | estáveis | estivéreis | estareis | estaríeis | |
3rd | estão | estiveram | estavam | estiveram | estarão | estariam | |
number | person | Subjunctive mood | Personal infinitive | ||||
Present | Preterite | Imperfect | Pluperfect | Future | |||
singular | 1st | esteja | tenha estado | estivesse | tivesse estado | estiver | estar |
2nd | estejas | tenhas estado | estivesses | tivesses estado | estiveres | estares | |
3rd | esteja | tenha estado | estivesse | tivesse estado | estiver | estar | |
plural | 1st | estejamos | tenhamos estado | estivéssemos | tivéssemos estado | estivermos | estarmos |
2nd | estejais | tenhais estado | estivésseis | tivésseis estado | estiverdes | estardes | |
3rd | estejam | tenham estado | estivessem | tivessem estado | estiverem | estarem | |
Imperative mood | Infinitive | estar | |||||
2nd pers. sing. | está | Past participle | estado | ||||
2nd pers. plur. | estai | Gerund | estando |
number | person | Indicative mood | Conditional | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present | Preterite | Imperfect | Pluperfect | Future | |||
singular | 1st | sou | fui | era | fora | serei | seria |
2nd | és | foste | eras | foras | serás | serias | |
3rd | é | foi | era | fora | será | seria | |
plural | 1st | somos | fomos | éramos | fôramos | seremos | seríamos |
2nd | sois | fostes | éreis | fôreis | sereis | seríeis | |
3rd | são | foram | eram | foram | serão | seriam | |
number | person | Subjunctive mood | Personal infinitive | ||||
Present | Preterite | Imperfect | Pluperfect | Future | |||
singular | 1st | seja | tenha sido | fosse | tivesse sido | for | ser |
2nd | sejas | tenhas sido | fosses | tivesses sido | fores | seres | |
3rd | seja | tenha sido | fosse | tivesse sido | for | ser | |
plural | 1st | sejamos | tenhamos sido | fôssemos | tivéssemos sido | formos | sermos |
2nd | sejais | tenhais sido | fôsseis | tivésseis sido | fordes | serdes | |
3rd | sejam | tenham sido | fossem | tivessem sido | forem | serem | |
Imperative mood | Infinitive | ser | |||||
2nd pers. sing. | sê | Past participle | sido | ||||
3rd pers. sing. | seja | Present participle | ente | ||||
2nd pers. plur. | sede | Gerund | sendo |
number | person | Indicative mood | Conditional | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present | Preterite | Imperfect | Pluperfect | Future | |||
singular | 1st | hei | houve | havia | houvera | haverei | haveria |
2nd | hás | houveste | havias | houveras | haverás | haverias | |
3rd | há | houve | havia | houvera | haverá | haveria | |
plural | 1st | havemos hemos (archaic) | houvemos | havíamos | houvéramos | haveremos | haveríamos |
2nd | haveis heis (archaic) | houvestes | havíeis | houvéreis | havereis | haveríeis | |
3rd | hão | houveram | haviam | houveram | haverão | haveriam | |
number | person | Subjunctive mood | Personal infinitive | ||||
Present | Preterite | Imperfect | Pluperfect | Future | |||
singular | 1st | haja | tenha havido | houvesse | tivesse havido | houver | haver |
2nd | hajas | tenhas havido | houvesses | tivesses havido | houveres | haveres | |
3rd | haja | tenha havido | houvesse | tivesse havido | houver | haver | |
plural | 1st | hajamos | tenhamos havido | houvéssemos | tivéssemos havido | houvermos | havermos |
2nd | hajais | tenhais havido | houvésseis | tivésseis havido | houverdes | haverdes | |
3rd | hajam | tenham havido | houvessem | tivessem havido | houverem | haverem | |
Imperative mood | Infinitive | haver | |||||
2nd pers. sing. | há | Past participle | havido | ||||
2nd pers. plur. | havei | Gerund | havendo |
number | person | Indicative mood[1] | Conditional[1] | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present | Preterite | Imperfect | Pluperfect | Future | |||
singular | 1st | ponho | pus | punha | pusera | porei | poria |
2nd | pões | puseste | punhas | puseras | porás | porias | |
3rd | põe | pôs | punha | pusera | porá | poria | |
plural | 1st | pomos | pusemos | púnhamos | puséramos | poremos | poríamos |
2nd | pondes | pusestes | púnheis | puséreis | poreis | poríeis | |
3rd | põem | puseram | punham | puseram | porão | poriam | |
Imperative mood[1] | Infinitive[1] | pôr | |||||
2nd pers. sing. | põe | Past participle | posto | ||||
2nd pers. plur. | ponde | Gerund | pondo |
There are few irregular verbs for these tenses (only dizer, fazer, trazer, and their compounds – also haver, ter, ser, ir, pôr, estar, etc. – for the subjunctive future imperfect). The indicative future imperfect, conditional, and subjunctive future imperfect are formed by adding to the infinitive of the verb the indicative present inflections of the auxiliary verb haver (dropping the h and av), the 2nd/3rd conjugation endings of the preterite, imperfect, and the personal infinitive endings, respectively. Thus, for the majority of verbs, the simple personal infinitive coincides with subjunctive future.
The affirmative imperative for second person pronouns tu and vós is obtained from the present indicative, by deletion of the final -s (in some cases, an accent mark must be added to the vowel which precedes it). For other persons, and for negative clauses, the present subjunctive takes the role of imperative.
In the present tense, the stress fluctuates between the root and the termination. As a rule of thumb, the last radical vowel (the one that can be stressed) will retain its original pronunciation when unstressed (atonic) and change into [a], [e/ɛ] (subjunctive or indicative 1st pers sing/infinitive), or [o/ɔ] (subjunctive or indicative 1st pers sing/infinitive) – depending on the vowel in question – in case it is stressed (is in a tonic syllable). Other vowels (u, i) and nasalized vowels (before closed syllables) stay unchanged, as well as the verbs with the diphthongs -ei, -eu, -oi, -ou; they always keep a closed-mid pronunciation; e.g. deixo /ej/ (deixar), endeuso /ew/ (endeusar), açoito /oj/ (açoitar), roubo /ow/ (roubar), etc. Alternation in stem-stressed forms is blocked when a nasal consonant (/m/, /n/ or /ɲ/) follows, in which case the higher alternant (i.e. /ɐ/, /e/ or /o/) is used in all forms. For example, in the verb comer, all of the forms como, comes, come, comem have /o/.
Example: Consider the conjugation of correr (analogous to comer, presented above) in the Indicative Present Simple. The first-person singular corro has [o] in the stressed vowel, while other forms corres, corre, correm have [ɔ].
In Brazil, the following difference applies: Stem-unstressed forms consistently have /o/ or /e/ for most speakers in most verbs, but there are exceptions, with some dialects (e.g. northeastern Brazilian dialects) likely to present an open form /ɔ/ or /ɛ/. At times, the difference is not particularly clear, producing [o̞], [e̞], particularly in transition zones like the states of Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais and the Brazilian Federal District, unless vowel harmony is involved (e.g. comove "move, touch (emotionally)" [kɔˈmɔvi]).
This also has repercussions in the imperative and present subjunctive, for their inflections are constructed from the indicative present simple and indicative present simple in the 1st singular person respectively.
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number | person | Present | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pelar [pɨˈlaɾ] [peˈlaʁ] |
amar [ɐˈmaɾ] [aˈmaʁ] |
rendar [ʁẽˈdaɾ] [ʁẽˈdaʁ] | ||||||||
Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative | ||
singular | 1st | pelo [ˈpɛlu] |
pele [ˈpɛlɨ] [ˈpɛli] |
N/A | amo [ˈɐmu] [ˈɐ̃mu] |
ame [ˈɐmɨ] [ˈɐ̃mi] |
N/A | rendo [ˈʁẽdu] |
rende [ˈʁẽdɨ] [ˈʁẽdᶾi] |
N/A |
2nd | pelas [ˈpɛlɐʃ] [ˈpɛlɐs] |
peles [ˈpɛlɨʃ] [ˈpɛlis] |
pela [ˈpɛlɐ] |
amas [ˈɐmɐʃ] [ˈɐ̃mɐs] |
ames [ˈɐmɨʃ] [ˈɐ̃mis] |
ama [ˈɐmɐ] [ˈɐ̃mɐ] |
rendas [ˈʁẽdɐʃ] [ˈʁẽdɐs] |
rendes [ˈʁẽdɨʃ] [ˈʁẽdᶾis] |
renda [ˈʁẽdɐ] | |
3rd | pela [ˈpɛlɐ] |
pele [ˈpɛlɨ] [ˈpɛli] |
ama [ˈɐmɐ] [ˈɐ̃mɐ] |
ame [ˈɐmɨ] [ˈɐ̃mi] |
renda [ˈʁẽdɐ] |
rende [ˈʁẽdɨ] [ˈʁẽdᶾi] | ||||
plural | 1st | pelamos [pɨˈlɐmuʃ] [peˈlɐ̃mus] |
pelemos [pɨˈlemuʃ] [peˈlẽmus] |
amamos [ɐˈmɐmuʃ] [aˈmɐ̃mʊs] |
amemos [ɐˈmemuʃ] [aˈmẽmus] |
rendamos [ʁẽˈdɐmuʃ] [ʁẽˈdɐ̃mʊs] |
rendemos [ʁẽˈdemuʃ] [ʁẽˈdẽmus] | |||
2nd | pelais [pɨˈlajʃ] [peˈlajs] |
peleis [pɨˈlejʃ ~ pɨˈlɐjʃ] [peˈlejs] |
pelai [pɨˈlaj] [peˈlaj] |
amais [ɐˈmajʃ] [aˈmajs] |
ameis [ɐˈmejʃ ~ ɐˈmɐjʃ] [aˈmejs] |
amai [ɐˈmaj] [aˈmaj] |
rendais [ʁẽˈdajʃ] [ʁẽˈdajs] |
rendeis [ʁẽˈdejʃ ~ ʁẽˈdɐjʃ] [ʁẽˈdejs] |
rendai [ʁẽˈdaj] | |
3rd | pelam [ˈpɛlɐ̃w̃] |
pelem [ˈpɛlẽj̃ ~ ˈpɛlɐ̃j̃] [ˈpɛlẽj̃] |
amam [ˈɐmɐ̃w̃] [ˈɐ̃mɐ̃w̃] |
amem [ˈɐmẽj̃ ~ ˈɐmɐ̃j̃] [ˈɐ̃mẽj̃] |
rendam [ˈʁẽdɐ̃w̃] |
rendem [ˈʁẽdẽj̃ ~ ˈʁẽdɐ̃j̃] [ˈʁẽdẽj̃] | ||||
number | person | Present | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
correr [kuˈʁeɾ] [koˈʁeʁ] |
temer [tɨˈmeɾ] [teˈmeʁ] |
vender [vẽˈdeɾ] [vẽˈdeʁ] | |||||||||||
Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative | |||||
singular | 1st | corro [ˈkoʁu] |
corra [ˈkoʁɐ] |
N/A | temo [ˈtemu] [ˈtẽmu] |
tema [ˈtemɐ] [ˈtẽmɐ] |
N/A | vendo [ˈvẽdu] |
venda [ˈvẽdɐ] |
N/A | |||
2nd | corres [ˈkɔʁɨʃ] [ˈkɔʁis] |
corras [ˈkoʁɐʃ] [ˈkoʁɐs] |
corre [ˈkɔʁɨ] [ˈkɔʁi] |
temes [ˈtɛmɨʃ] [ˈtẽmis] |
temas [ˈtemɐʃ] [ˈtẽmɐs] |
teme [ˈtɛmɨ] [ˈtẽmi] |
vendes [ˈvẽdɨʃ] [ˈvẽdᶾis] |
vendas [ˈvẽdɐʃ] [ˈvẽdɐs] |
vende [ˈvẽdɨ] [ˈvẽdᶾi] | ||||
3rd | corre [ˈkɔʁɨ] [ˈkɔʁi] |
corra [ˈkoʁɐ] |
teme [ˈtɛmɨ] [ˈtẽmi] |
tema [ˈtemɐ] [ˈtẽmɐ] |
vende [ˈvẽdɨ] [ˈvẽdᶾi] |
venda [ˈvẽdɐ] | |||||||
plural | 1st | corremos [kuˈʁemuʃ] [koˈʁẽmus] |
corramos [kuˈʁɐmuʃ] [koˈʁɐ̃mus] |
tememos [tɨˈmemuʃ] [teˈmẽmus] |
temamos [tɨˈmɐmuʃ] [teˈmɐ̃mus] |
vendemos [vẽˈdemuʃ] [vẽˈdẽmʊs] |
vendamos [vẽˈdɐmuʃ] [vẽˈdɐ̃mus] | ||||||
2nd | correis [kuˈʁejʃ ~ kuˈʁɐjʃ] [koˈʁejs] |
corrais [kuˈʁajʃ] [ˈkoˈʁajs] |
correi [kuˈʁej ~ kuˈʁɐj] [koˈʁej] |
temeis [tɨˈmejʃ ~ tɨˈmɐjʃ] [teˈmejs] |
temais [tɨˈmajʃ] [teˈmajs] |
temei [tɨˈmej ~ tɨˈmɐj] [teˈmej] |
vendeis [vẽˈdejʃ ~ vẽˈdɐjʃ] [vẽˈdejs] |
vendais [vẽˈdajʃ] [vẽˈdajs] |
vendei [vẽˈdej ~ vẽˈdɐj] [vẽˈdej] | ||||
3rd | correm [ˈkɔʁẽj̃ ~ ˈkɔʁɐ̃j̃] [ˈkɔʁẽj̃] |
corram [ˈkoʁɐ̃w̃] |
temem [ˈtɛmẽj̃ ~ ˈtɛmɐ̃j̃] [ˈtẽmẽj̃] |
temam [ˈtemɐ̃w̃] [ˈtẽmɐ̃w̃] |
vendem [ˈvẽdẽj̃ ~ ˈvẽdɐ̃j̃] [ˈvẽdẽj̃] |
vendam [ˈvẽdɐ̃w̃] | |||||||
number | person | Present | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
dormir [duɾˈmiɾ] [doʁˈmiʁ] |
lenir [lɨˈniɾ] [leˈniʁ] |
sentir [sẽˈtiɾ] [sẽˈtᶴiʁ] | ||||||||
Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative | ||
singular | 1st | durmo [ˈduɾmu] [ˈduʁmu] |
durma [ˈduɾmɐ] [ˈduʁmɐ] |
N/A | leno [ˈlenu] [ˈlẽnu] |
lena [ˈlenɐ] [ˈlẽnɐ] |
N/A | sinto [ˈsĩtu] |
sinta [ˈsĩtɐ] |
N/A |
2nd | dormes [ˈdɔɾmɨʃ] [ˈdɔʁmis] |
durmas [ˈduɾmɐʃ] [ˈduʁmɐs] |
dorme [ˈdɔɾmɨ] [ˈdɔʁmi] |
lenes [ˈlɛnɨʃ] [ˈlẽnis] |
lenas [ˈlɛnɐʃ] [ˈlẽnɐs] |
lene [ˈlɛnɨ] [ˈlẽni] |
sentes [ˈsẽtɨʃ] [ˈsẽtᶴis] |
sintas [ˈsĩtɐʃ] [ˈsĩtɐs] |
sente [ˈsẽtɨ] [ˈsẽtᶴi] | |
3rd | dorme [ˈdɔɾmɨ] [ˈdɔʁmi] |
durma [ˈduɾmɐ] [ˈduʁmɐ] |
lene [ˈlɛnɨ] [ˈlẽni] |
lena [ˈlɛnɐ] [ˈlẽnɐ] |
sente [ˈsẽtɨ] [ˈsẽtᶴi] |
sinta [ˈsĩtɐ] | ||||
plural | 1st | dormimos [duɾˈmimuʃ] [doʁˈmĩmus] |
durmamos [duɾˈmɐmuʃ] [duʁˈmɐ̃mus] |
lenimos [lɨˈnimuʃ] [leˈnĩmus] |
lenamos [lɨˈnɐmuʃ] [leˈnɐ̃mus] |
sentimos [sẽˈtimuʃ] [sẽˈtᶴĩmus] |
sintamos [sĩˈtɐmuʃ] [sĩˈtɐ̃mus] | |||
2nd | dormis [duɾˈmiʃ] [doʁˈmis] |
durmais [duɾˈmajʃ] [duʁˈmajs] |
dormi [duɾˈmi] [doʁˈmi] |
lenis [lɨˈniʃ] [leˈnis] |
lenais [lɨˈnajʃ] [leˈnajs] |
leni [lɨˈni] [leˈni] |
sentis [sẽˈtiʃ] [sẽˈtᶴis] |
sintais [sĩˈtajʃ] [sĩˈtajs] |
senti [sẽˈti] [sẽˈtᶴi] | |
3rd | dormem [ˈdɔɾmẽj̃ ~ ˈdɔɾmɐ̃j̃] [ˈdɔʁmẽj̃] |
durmam [ˈduɾmɐ̃w̃] [ˈduʁmɐ̃w̃] |
lenem [ˈlɛnẽj̃ ~ ˈlɛnɐ̃j̃] [ˈlẽnẽj̃] |
lenam [ˈlenɐ̃w̃] [ˈlẽnɐ̃w̃] |
sentem [ˈsẽtẽj̃ ~ ˈsẽtɐ̃j̃] [ˈsẽtẽj̃] |
sintam [ˈsĩtɐ̃w̃] | ||||
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