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Subfamily of ants From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ponerinae, the ponerine ants,[2] is a subfamily of ants in the Poneromorph subfamilies group, with about 1,600 species in 47 extant genera, including Dinoponera gigantea - one of the world's largest species of ant. Mated workers have replaced the queen as the functional egg-layers in several species of ponerine ants. In such queenless species, the reproductive status of workers can only be determined through ovarian dissections.[citation needed]
| Ponerinae Temporal range: | |
|---|---|
| |
| Fighting Harpegnathos saltator | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Ponerinae Lepeletier, 1835 |
| Type genus | |
| Ponera Latreille, 1804 | |
| Diversity[1] | |
| 59 genera | |
They are most easily identified from other subfamilies by possessing a single-node petiole with a constriction before the second gastral segment.[3] They are rare examples of stinging ants.[4] In addition to the sting, they can also be characterized by a single segmented petiole and the constriction of the first and second segment of the gaster. They can also be identified[how?] by the shape of their head. Female workers have twelve segmented antennae, whereas male workers have 13 segmented antennae.[3]
These ants typically nest in soil, forest litter, or rotting logs, and are predacious.[5] They primarily prey on isopods. They mostly live in small colonies of up to 200 workers. They can be found mostly in tropical environments, but have been found in southeastern Canada and New York.[citation needed]
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