Phyllodactylus xanti

Phyllodactylus xanti is a species of lizard in the family Phyllodactylidae. It is endemic to northwestern Mexico.^[3] It is also known as the leaf-toed gecko (among many other species) or Raza Island leaf-toed gecko when referring to the subspecies from the Isla Rasa; at present, there are altogether four recognized subspecies, while several more have been recognized previously.^[3]

Phyllodactylus xanti
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Squamata
Family:	Phyllodactylidae
Genus:	Phyllodactylus
Species:	P. xanti
Binomial name
Phyllodactylus xanti Cope, 1863[2]

Geographic range

P. xanti is found in the Baja California Peninsula and associated islands in Mexico.^[3] Records from southern California (USA) refer to Phyllodactylus nocticolus, first described as Phyllodactylus xanti nocticolus, now considered a distinct species.^[4]

Habitat

The preferred natural habitats of P. xanti are desert and shrubland.^[1]

Description

P. xanti has vertical pupils, immovable eyelids, and leaf-like toe pads. It has a brownish, grey, or pinkish dorsum, with a light venter. The granular dorsal scales are interspersed with tubercles.

It often squeaks when handled, and it has a very fragile tail which is readily lost.

This gecko is between 2.5 and 6.2 cm (0.98 and 2.44 in) in snout-to-vent length (SVL).

Reproduction

P. xanti is oviparous.^[3]

Subspecies

Four subspecies are recognized as being valid, including the nominotypical subspecies.^[3]

• Phyllodactylus xanti acorius Dixon, 1966
• Phyllodactylus xanti sloani Bostic, 1971
• Phyllodactylus xanti xanti Cope, 1863
• Phyllodactylus xanti zweifeli Dixon, 1964

Etymology

The specific epithet, xanti, commemorate John Xantus,^[5] a nineteenth century naturalist active in the United States of America.^[6]

The subspecific names, sloani and zweifeli, are in honor of American herpetologists Allan John Sloan and Richard G. Zweifel, respectively.^[6]

Taxonomy

The accepted scientific name and original description were published in 1863 by Edward Drinker Cope.^[3]

References

1. Hammerson, G.A. (2007). "Phyllodactylus xanti". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2007: e.T64051A12740152. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2007.RLTS.T64051A12740152.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
2. "Phyllodactylus xanti Cope, 1863". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
3. Phyllodactylus xanti at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 31 May 2021..
4. Phyllodactylus nocticolus at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 31 May 2021.
5. a.k.a. Louis deVesey (1825–1894).
6. Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Phyllodactylus xanti, p. 291; P. x. sloani, p. 246; P. nocticolus zweifeli, p. 294).

Further reading

• Behler JL, King FW (1979). The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Reptiles and Amphibians. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 743 pp. ISBN 0-394-50824-6. (Phyllodactylus xanti, p. 494 + Plate 391).
• Bostic DL (1971). "Herpetofauna of the Pacific coast of north central Baja California, Mexico, with a description of a new subspecies of Phyllodactylus xanti ". Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 16: 237–263. (Phyllodactylus xanti sloani, new subspecies, pp. 252–254, Figures 7–8).
• Cope ED (1863). "Descriptions of new American SQUAMATA, in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 15: 100–106. (Phyllodactylus xanti, new species, pp. 102–103).
• Dixon, James R. (1964). "The systematics and distribution of lizards of the genus Phyllodactylus in North and Central America" (PDF). New Mexico State University Scientific Bulletin. 64 (1): 1–139. (Phyllodactylus xanti zweifeli, new subspecies, pp. 59–62).
• Dixon JR (1966). "Speciation and systematics of the gekkonid lizard genus Phyllodactylus of the Islands of the Gulf of California". Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Fourth Series 33 (13): 415–452. (Phyllodactylus xanti acorius, new subspecies, pp. 442–443).
• Smith HM, Brodie ED Jr (1982). Reptiles of North America: A Guide to Field Identification. New York: Golden Press. 240 pp. ISBN 0-307-13666-3. (Phyllodactylus xanti, pp. 70–71).
• Stebbins RC (2003). A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians, Third Edition. The Peterson Field Guide Series ®. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin. xiii + 533 pp. ISBN 978-0-395-98272-3. (Phyllodactylus xanti, p. 266 + Plate 24 + Map 73).