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Phenylpiperazine
Chemical compound From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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1-Phenylpiperazine (1-PP or PP) is a simple chemical compound and drug featuring a phenyl group bound to a piperazine ring.[1] The suffix ‘-piprazole’ is sometimes used in the names of drugs to indicate they belong to this class.[2]
It is a rigid analogue of amphetamine.[1][3][4] Similarly to amphetamine, 1-PP is a monoamine releasing agent, with EC50 values for monoamine release of 186 nM for norepinephrine, 880 nM for serotonin, and 2,530 nM for dopamine.[1] Based on the preceding values, it is about 4.7-fold less potent in releasing serotonin than norepinephrine and about 13.6-fold less potent in releasing dopamine than norepinephrine.[1] Hence, 1-PP is a modestly selective norepinephrine releasing agent (NRA), or could alternatively be thought of as an imbalanced serotonin–norepinephrine releasing agent (SNRA) or serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA).[1]
Other homologues and rigid analogues of amphetamine besides 1-PP include 2-aminotetralin (2-AT), 2-amino-1,2-dihydronaphthalene (2-ADN), 2-aminoindane (2-AI), 1-naphthylaminopropane (1-NAP), 2-naphthylaminopropane (2-NAP), 6-AB, and 7-AB.[3][4][5]
1-Phenylpiperazine shows toxicity at sufficiently high doses; its oral LD50 in rats is 210 mg/kg.[6]
Numerous derivatives of 1-PP, or substituted phenylpiperazines, exist.[7][1] Some examples include meta-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP), 3-trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine (TFMPP), and para-methoxyphenylpiperazine (pMeOPP).[7][1][8]
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