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Perforating granuloma annulare (PGA) is a skin condition of unknown cause, usually appearing on the dorsal hands, presenting as papules with a central keratotic core.[1]: 704
| Perforating granuloma annulare | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Dermatology  |
Perforating granuloma annulare is characterized by flesh-to-red, umbilicated papules or pustules that range in size from 1 to 5 mm.[2] These papules are frequently arranged in an annular form and frequently have an exudate, crusting, or scaling covering them.[3] It is possible to characterize the distribution of PGA as either generalized or localized, since only 9% of patients initially present with a single lesion.[4]
The cause of perforating granuloma annulare is unknown.[3]
Granulomas containing histiocytes arranged in a palisading pattern surround necrobiotic collagen, which is usually represented by the deposition of mucin and infrequently fibrin, according to the histopathologic features of PGA.[3] Furthermore, the epidermis is perforated and necrobiotic material is expelled as a result of the granulomas' location in the superficial reticular dermis.[4]
Complete excision, psoralen and UVA therapy, intralesional triamcinolone, and high-dose corticosteroids are among the PGA treatment options.[2]
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