Penicillium duclauxii

Penicillium duclauxii is an anamorph species of the genus of Penicillium which produces xenoclauxin and duclauxin.^{[1][2][3][4][5]}

Penicillium duclauxii
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Ascomycota
Class:	Eurotiomycetes
Order:	Eurotiales
Family:	Aspergillaceae
Genus:	Penicillium
Species:	P. duclauxii
Binomial name
Penicillium duclauxii Delacroix, E.G. 1891[1]
Type strain
ATCC 10439, CBS 322.48, IMI 040044, MUCL 28672, NRRL 1030[2]
Synonyms
Talaromyces duclauxii[1]

Description

Colonies on CYA on day 7 are 2.5–3 cm in diameter, somewhat radially striated, with white and yellow mycelium, fluffy, with synnemes, non-spore-bearing or weakly spore-bearing. There is no exudate. The reverse of the colonies is olive-brown in the center, to corn-yellow along the edge. A yellow soluble pigment is released into the medium.

On agar with malt extract (MEA), colonies are with white mycelium, velvety, with synnemes along the edges, with sparse sporulation in gray-green tones. Exudate and soluble pigment are not released. The reverse is brown, brown-yellow closer to the edge.

On agar with yeast extract and sucrose (YES), colonies with white mycelium, concentric-striated, non-spore-bearing. Soluble pigment is not released, the reverse of the colonies is olive-brown, up to gray-yellow along the edges.

Conidiophores are two-tiered tassels with a smooth-walled stem 15–50 μm long and 3–4 μm thick. Metules in the terminal whorl are 2–6, divergent, 8.5–15 μm long. Phialides are needle-shaped, 3–8 in a bundle, 9–15 × 2–3.5 μm. Conidia are ellipsoidal, smooth to barely rough, 3–4 × 1.5–3.5 μm.

See also

• List of Penicillium species

References

1. MycoBank
2. UniProt
3. ATCC
4. Kawai, K; Shiojiri, H; Nakamaru, T; Nozawa, Y; Sugie, S; Mori, H; Kato, T; Ogihara, Y (1985). "Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of xenoclauxin and desacetyl duclauxin from Penicillium duclauxii (Delacroix)". Cell Biology and Toxicology. 1 (2): 1–10. doi:10.1007/bf00717786. PMID 3917122. S2CID 13597279.
5. Nina Gunde-Cimerman; Aharon Oren; Ana Plemenitaš (2006). Adaptation to Life at High Salt Concentrations in Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 1402036337.

Further reading

• Lobuglio, K. F.; Pitt, J. I.; Taylor, J. W. (1994). "Independent origins of the synnematous Penicillium species, P. Duclauxii, P. Clavigerum, and P. Vulpinum, as assessed by two ribosomal DNA regions". Mycological Research. 98 (2): 250. doi:10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80194-9.
• Metwaly, A.; Kadry, H.; El-Hela, A.; Khan, S.; Ross, S. (2014). "Antileukemic and cytoxic screening for some endophytic fungi isolated from Egyptian plants". Planta Medica. 80 (10). doi:10.1055/s-0034-1382392.
• Zain, M. E.; El-Sheikh, H. H.; Soliman, H. G.; Khalil, A. M. (2011). "Effect of certain chemical compounds on secondary metabolites of Penicillium janthinellum and P. Duclauxii". Journal of Saudi Chemical Society. 15 (3): 239. doi:10.1016/j.jscs.2010.09.004.
• Metwaly, A. M.; Kadry, H. A.; El-Hela, A. A.; Mohammad, A. I.; Cutler, S. J.; Ross, S. A. (2013). "Antimalarial Screening for Different Endophytic Fungi Isolated from two Egyptian Plants". Planta Medica. 79 (5). doi:10.1055/s-0033-1336495.
• R. Douglas Bailey (2008). The Brewer's Analyst. Applewood Books. ISBN 978-1429012003.
• Frisvad (1998). Chemical Fungal Taxonomy. CRC Press. ISBN 0824700694.