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Penaeus is a genus of prawns, including the giant tiger prawn (P. monodon), the most important species of farmed crustacean worldwide.
| Penaeus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Penaeus monodon | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Order: | Decapoda |
| Suborder: | Dendrobranchiata |
| Family: | Penaeidae |
| Genus: | Penaeus Fabricius, 1798 |
| Species | |
| |
The genus has been reorganised following a proposition of Pérez Farfante and Kensley based on morphological differences, in particular the genital characteristics of these animals,[1] although this revision has not been universally accepted.[2] Following the revision, many species formerly in the genus Penaeus (members of which are listed to the right) have been reassigned to new genera in the family Penaeidae: Farfantepenaeus, Fenneropenaeus, Litopenaeus, and Marsupenaeus.[1] The following table gives an overview:
| Old scientific name | New scientific name | Common name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| P. aztecus | Farfantepenaeus aztecus | northern brown shrimp |
| P. brasiliensis | Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis | red-spotted shrimp, spotted pink shrimp |
| P. brevirostris | Farfantepenaeus brevirostris | crystal shrimp, pink shrimp |
| P. californiensis | Farfantepenaeus californiensis | yellowleg shrimp, brown shrimp |
| P. chinensis | Fenneropenaeus chinensis | fleshy prawn, Chinese white shrimp, oriental shrimp |
| P. orientalis | ||
| P. duorarum | Farfantepenaeus duorarum | northern pink shrimp |
| P. esculentus | Penaeus esculentus | brown tiger prawn |
| P. hathor | Penaeus hathor | |
| P. indicus | Fenneropenaeus indicus | Indian prawn |
| P. japonicus | Marsupenaeus japonicus | Kuruma shrimp, Kuruma prawn, Japanese tiger shrimp |
| P. merguiensis | Fenneropenaeus merguiensis | banana shrimp, banana prawn |
| P. monodon | Penaeus monodon | giant tiger prawn, black tiger shrimp |
| P. notialis | Farfantepenaeus notialis | southern pink shrimp |
| P. occidentalis | Litopenaeus occidentalis | western white shrimp |
| P. paulensis | Farfantepenaeus paulensis | São Paulo shrimp, Carpas shrimp |
| P. penicillatus | Fenneropenaeus penicillatus | redtail prawn |
| P. schmitti | Litopenaeus schmitti | southern white shrimp |
| P. semisulcatus | Penaeus semisulcatus | green tiger prawn |
| P. setiferus | Litopenaeus setiferus | northern white shrimp |
| P. silasi | Fenneropenaeus silasi | |
| P. stylirostris | Litopenaeus stylirostris | western blue shrimp, blue shrimp |
| P. subtilis | Farfantepenaeus subtilis | southern brown shrimp |
| P. vannamei | Litopenaeus vannamei | whiteleg shrimp, Pacific white shrimp, King prawn |
A few more species that are sometimes given as Penaeus spp. are actually assigned to the genus Melicertus: [dubious – discuss]
| Invalid name | Valid scientific name | Common name(s) |
|---|---|---|
| P. canaliculatus | Melicertus canaliculatus | witch shrimp, tiger shrimp |
| P. kerathurus[3] | Melicertus kerathurus | Caramote prawn, triple-grooved shrimp |
| P. latisculatus | Melicertus latisulcatus | western king prawn[4][5] |
| P. longistylus | Melicertus longistylus | redspot king prawn, red-spotted prawn |
| P. marginatus | Melicertus marginatus | Aloha prawn |
| P. plebejus | Melicertus plebejus | eastern king prawn [dubious – discuss] |
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