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Socialist political party in the United States From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Peace and Freedom Party (PFP) is a socialist political party in the United States. PFP operates mostly in California.[2] PFP formed in 1966 from anti-Vietnam War and pro-civil rights movements.
Peace and Freedom Party | |
---|---|
Leader | Central Committee |
Founded | June 23, 1967 |
Membership (January 2024) | 133,914 registered voters[1] |
Ideology | Socialism Eco-socialism Socialist feminism Pro-peace |
Political position | Left-wing[2] |
Members in elected offices | 0 |
Website | |
peaceandfreedom | |
Notable past and present members include Bob Avakian, Emmy Lou Packard, Byron Randall, and (briefly) Murray Rothbard.
In January 2000, PFP had 75,277 registered voters.[3] In February 2005, PFP had 67,238 registered voters.[4] In January 2010, PFP had 55,036 registered voters.[5] In January 2016, PFP had 75,579 registered voters.[6]
In February 2019, PFP had 76,784 registered voters.[7] In February 2021, PFP had 105,535 registered voters.[8] In January 2024, PFP had 133,914 registered voters.[1]
Like many minor parties, PFP holds a non-binding "preference primary" for President. The PFP presidential candidate is ultimately selected by the PFP State Convention, at which only State Executive Committee (SEC)[lower-alpha 1] members can vote.[9][10][11][12][13][14] The SEC is directly elected through write-ins in the California primary system[14] every two years.[15] The SEC had about 130 members in 2024[13] and 90 in 2008.[14]
Since January 2001, California has had a "modified" closed primary system in which political parties can determine whether or not to allow voters who are not affiliated with any party, or No Party Preference, are allowed to participate in the party's primary. Since the 2004 primaries, PFP has never allowed "independent" voters to vote in their party's primaries.[16]
PFP is a socialist party "committed to feminism, [...] democracy, ecology, and racial equality",[17] PFP strongly supports environmentalism, aboriginal rights, LGBT rights, abortion rights, public healthcare, public education, and subsidized housing.[17] PFP is Anti-Zionist.[18]
After the 1967 Century City anti-Vietnam War march on June 23, 1967, anti-war and civil rights supporters began collecting petitions for the Peace and Freedom Party. PFP's founders opposed the Democratic Party's support for the war in Vietnam and saw the Democrats as failing to effectively support the civil rights movement.[19]: 761 [20]: 121 [21]
On January 2, 1968, PFP organizers submitted 105,100 signatures to receive party status in California.[19]: 761 PFP has had ballot access in California since 1968, except between 1998 and 2002.[20]: 128 In 2003, PFP became the first party in the history of California to regain its ballot status.[22]
In 1968, PFP suffered a minor split: Dick Gregory and others split to create the Freedom and Peace Party (FPP), for which Gregory ran in the 1968 United States presidential election.[23] The FPP collapsed after the 1968 election.
In the 2006 California elections, two statewide Peace and Freedom Party candidates received more than the required vote, thus ensuring the party's ballot status for another four years (Elizabeth Cervantes Barron received 212,383 votes, 2.5% of the total, for Controller;[24][non-primary source needed] and Tom Condit received 187,618 votes, 2.2% of the total, for Insurance Commissioner).[25][non-primary source needed]
California's 2018 gubernatorial primary had statewide office candidates registered in the party. In the race for Insurance Commissioner, Peace and Freedom candidate Nathalie Hrizi received 316,149 votes, 5.0% of the total.[26][non-primary source needed]
The PFP has fielded over 200 electoral candidates in the United States for local, state, and federal offices. PFP candidates usually run as official PFP candidates on their own ballot line.
No PFP candidate has yet won a contested election.
In 2016, both PFP's California state chair and Green candidate Jill Stein requested that the California Secretary of State allow them to be placed on the party's ballot, but this was rejected.[41] Instead, PFP nominated Party for Socialism and Liberation candidate Gloria La Riva.[28]
In 2012, Rocky Anderson won a plurality of delegates in the PFP's non-binding preference primary. However, he failed to win representatives on the PFP's Central Committee, and withdrew.[12] Instead, the PFP backed Roseanne Barr, who was supported by the Party for Socialism and Liberation.[11] Anderson would later join the Justice Party.
In 2008, the PFP endorsed Ralph Nader, an Independent, in his presidential campaign.[42][43] Other contenders were Gloria La Riva (nominee of the Party for Socialism and Liberation), Cynthia McKinney (nominee of the Green Party) Brian Moore (nominee of the Socialist Party), and Ralph Nader (independent). Among convention delegates, results were the following: Nader (46%), La Riva (27%), Moore (10%), and McKinney (6%).[44] The Nader campaign submitted sufficient signatures to appear on the Iowa and Utah ballots as the Peace and Freedom Party candidate. This was the first expansion of the party beyond California since the 1970s.[45] However, the party did not achieve the votes necessary to guarantee ballot access in Iowa and Utah in subsequent elections.
In 2000, PFP did not qualify for the ballot in California.[46]
In 1988, the Internationalist Workers Party, New Alliance Party, and Socialist Party USA sought the party's ballot line. The factions within the PFP could not agree on a candidate and did not have a candidate for the election.[20]: 126–128 [46]
Year | Candidate | Chamber | State | District | Votes | % | Result | Notes | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2024 | John Parker | House | California | 37th | 7,316 | Lost | all-party blanket primary, did not advance to general | [47] | |
2022 | José Cortés | House | California | 51st | 3,343 | Lost | all-party blanket primary, did not advance to general | [48] | |
2022 | John Parker | Senate | California | At-Large | 105,477[lower-alpha 16] | Lost | all-party blanket primary, did not advance to general | [48] | |
2020 | José Cortés | House | California | 50th | 1,821 | Lost | all-party blanket primary, did not advance to general | [27] | |
2018 | John Parker | Senate | California | At-Large | 22,825 | Lost | all-party blanket primary, did not advance to general | [49] | |
2016 | Joe Williams | House | California | 20th | 6,400 | Lost | all-party blanket primary, did not advance to general | [29] | |
2014 | Adam Shbeita | House | California | 44th | 9,192 | Lost | general election | [50] | |
2010 | Mike Roskey | House | California | 3rd | 4,789 | Lost | [51] | ||
2010 | Gerald Allen Frink | House | California | 5th | 4,594 | Lost | [51] | ||
2010 | Eugene Ruyle | House | California | 6th | 5,915 | Lost | [51] | ||
2010 | Gloria La Riva | House | California | 8th | 5,161 | Lost | [51] | ||
2010 | Larry Allen | House | California | 9th | 1,670 | Lost | [51] | ||
2010 | Richard Castaldo | House | California | 30th | 3,115 | Lost | [51] | ||
2010 | Miriam Clark | House | California | 50th | 5,470 | Lost | [51] | ||
2010 | Marsha Feinland | Senate | California | At-Large | 135,093 | Lost | [51] | ||
2008 | Dina Padilla | House | California | 3rd | 13,378 | Lost | [52] | ||
2008 | L Roberts | House | California | 5th | 10,731 | Lost | [52] | ||
2008 | Bill Callison | House | California | 7th | 6,695 | Lost | [52] | ||
2008 | Eugene Ruyle | House | California | 10th | 11,062 | Lost | [52] | ||
2008 | Nathalie Hrizi | House | California | 12th | 5,793 | Lost | [52] | ||
2006 | Timothy Stock | House | California | 1st | 3,503 | Lost | [53] | ||
2006 | Michael Roskey | House | California | 3rd | 2,370 | Lost | [53] | ||
2006 | John Reiger | House | California | 5th | 2,018 | Lost | [53] | ||
2006 | Lynda Llamas | House | California | 29th | 2,599 | Lost | [53] | ||
2006 | Adele Cannon | House | California | 30th | 4,546 | Lost | [53] | ||
2006 | James Smith | House | California | 36th | 4,592 | Lost | [53] | ||
2006 | Kevin Akin | House | California | 44th | 4,486 | Lost | [53] | ||
2006 | Miriam Clark | House | California | 50th | 3,353 | Lost | [53] | ||
2006 | Marsha Feinland | Senate | California | At-Large | 117,764 | Lost | [53] | ||
2004 | John Reiger | House | California | 5th | 3,670 | Lost | [33] | ||
2004 | Leilani Dowell | House | California | 8th | 9,527 | Lost | [33] | ||
2004 | Joe Williams | House | California | 17th | 2,823 | Lost | [33] | ||
2004 | Alice Stek | House | California | 36th | 6,105 | Lost | [33] | ||
2004 | Kevin Akin | House | California | 44th | 7,559 | Lost | [33] | ||
2004 | Marsha Feinland | Senate | California | At-Large | 243,846 | Lost | [33] | ||
1998 | Ernest Jones Jr | House | California | 1st | 4,996 | Lost | [54] | ||
1998 | Gerald Sanders | House | California | 9th | 4,767 | Lost | [54] | ||
1998 | Ralph Shroyer | House | California | 24th | 1,860 | Lost | [54] | ||
1998 | Janice Jordan | House | California | 49th | 2,447 | Lost | [54] | ||
1998 | Ophie C. Beltran | Senate | California | At-Large | 48,685 | Lost | [54] | ||
1996 | Ernest Jones Jr | House | California | 6th | 6,459 | Lost | [34] | ||
1996 | Tom Condit | House | California | 9th | 5,561 | Lost | [34] | ||
1996 | Timothy Thompson | House | California | 14th | 3,653 | Lost | [34] | ||
1996 | Ralph Shroyer | House | California | 24th | 6,267 | Lost | [34] | ||
1996 | Justin Charles Gerber | House | California | 25th | 2,513 | Lost | [34] | ||
1996 | John Peter Daly | House | California | 29th | 8,819 | Lost | [34] | ||
1996 | Shirley Mandel | House | California | 30th | 2,499 | Lost | [34] | ||
1996 | Kevin Akin | House | California | 43rd | 3,309 | Lost | [34] | ||
1996 | Miriam Clark | House | California | 51st | 5,407 | Lost | [34] | ||
1996 | Janice Jordan | House | California | 52nd | 3,649 | Lost | [34] | ||
1994 | Ernest Jones Jr | House | California | 6th | 4,055 | Lost | [55] | ||
1994 | William ""Bill"" Callison | House | California | 7th | 4,798 | Lost | [55] | ||
1994 | Emma Wong Mar | House | California | 9th | 9,194 | Lost | [55] | ||
1994 | Craig Cooper | House | California | 10th | 4,802 | Lost | [55] | ||
1994 | John Honigsfeld | House | California | 32nd | 6,099 | Lost | [55] | ||
1994 | Kermit Booker | House | California | 33rd | 7,694 | Lost | [55] | ||
1994 | Richard Green | House | California | 38th | 2,995 | Lost | [55] | ||
1994 | Donna White | House | California | 48th | 8,543 | Lost | [55] | ||
1994 | Renate Kline | House | California | 49th | 4,948 | Lost | [55] | ||
1994 | Guillermo Ramirez | House | California | 50th | 3,002 | Lost | [55] | ||
1994 | Miriam Clark | House | California | 51st | 4,099 | Lost | [55] | ||
1994 | Art Edelman | House | California | 52nd | 3,221 | Lost | [55] | ||
1994 | Elizabeth Cervantes Barron | Senate | California | At-Large | 255,301 | Lost | [55] | ||
1992 | Phil Baldwin | House | California | 1st | 10,764 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | David Franklin | House | California | 7th | 9,840 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Cesar Cadabes | House | California | 8th | 7,572 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Dave Linn | House | California | 9th | 10,472 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Mary Weldon | House | California | 12th | 10,142 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Roslyn Allen | House | California | 13th | 16,768 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | David Wald | House | California | 14th | 3,912 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Amani Kuumba | House | California | 16th | 9,370 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Maureen Smith | House | California | 17th | 4,804 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Dorothy Wells | House | California | 19th | 13,334 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | John Paul Linblad | House | California | 24th | 13,690 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Nancy Lawrence | House | California | 25th | 5,090 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Margery Hinds | House | California | 26th | 7,180 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Margaret Edwards | House | California | 27th | 7,329 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Susan Davies | House | California | 29th | 13,888 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Elizabeth Nakano | House | California | 30th | 6,173 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | William Williams | House | California | 32nd | 9,782 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Tim Delia | House | California | 33rd | 2,135 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Alice Mae Miles | House | California | 35th | 2,797 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Owen Staley | House | California | 36th | 13,297 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | B Kwaku Duren | House | California | 37th | 16,178 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Paul Burton | House | California | 38th | 8,391 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Margie Akin | House | California | 40th | 11,839 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Mike Noonan | House | California | 41st | 10,136 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Macine Wuirk | House | California | 47th | 12,297 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Donna White | House | California | 48th | 13,396 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Wilton Zaslow | House | California | 49th | 4,738 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Roger Batchelder | House | California | 50th | 4,250 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Miriam Clark | House | California | 51st | 10,307 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Dennis Gretsinger | House | California | 52nd | 5,734 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Gerald Horne | Senate | California | At-Large | 305,697 | Lost | [35] | ||
1992 | Genevieve Torres | Senate | California | At-Large | 372,817 | Lost | [35] | ||
1990 | Darlene Comingore | House | California | 1st | 34,011 | Lost | [56] | ||
1990 | Jan Tucker | House | California | 22nd | 3,963 | Lost | [56] | ||
1990 | John Honigsfeld | House | California | 23rd | 6,834 | Lost | [56] | ||
1990 | Maggie Phair | House | California | 24th | 5,706 | Lost | [56] | ||
1990 | Edward Ferrer | House | California | 27th | 7,101 | Lost | [56] | ||
1990 | William Williams | House | California | 28th | 2,723 | Lost | [56] | ||
1990 | Maxine Quirk | House | California | 39th | 6,709 | Lost | [56] | ||
1990 | Karen R Works | House | California | 41st | 15,428 | Lost | [56] | ||
1990 | Doug Hansen | House | California | 43rd | 40,212 | Lost | [56] | ||
1990 | Donna White | House | California | 44th | 5,237 | Lost | [56] | ||
1988 | Eric Fried | House | California | 1st | 22,150 | Lost | [57] | ||
1988 | Theodore ""Ted"" Zuur | House | California | 5th | 3,975 | Lost | [57] | ||
1988 | Tom Condit | House | California | 8th | 5,444 | Lost | [57] | ||
1988 | Victor Martinez | House | California | 11th | 2,906 | Lost | [57] | ||
1988 | Shirley Rachel Isaacson | House | California | 22nd | 6,298 | Lost | [57] | ||
1988 | John Honigsfeld | House | California | 23rd | 3,316 | Lost | [57] | ||
1988 | James Green | House | California | 24th | 3,571 | Lost | [57] | ||
1988 | Paul Reyes | House | California | 25th | 8,746 | Lost | [57] | ||
1988 | Salomea Honigsfeld | House | California | 28th | 2,811 | Lost | [57] | ||
1988 | B Kwaku Duren | House | California | 31st | 4,091 | Lost | [57] | ||
1988 | Vikki Murdock | House | California | 32nd | 4,032 | Lost | [57] | ||
1988 | Mike Noonan | House | California | 33rd | 3,492 | Lost | [57] | ||
1988 | Frank German | House | California | 38th | 3,547 | Lost | [57] | ||
1988 | Gretchen Farsai | House | California | 40th | 3,699 | Lost | [57] | ||
1988 | C Weber | House | California | 41st | 4,853 | Lost | [57] | ||
1988 | Richard Rose | House | California | 42nd | 6,563 | Lost | [57] | ||
1988 | M. Elizabeth Munoz | Senate | California | At-Large | 166,600 | Lost | [57] | ||
1986 | Elden Mcfarland | House | California | 1st | 12,149 | Lost | [58] | ||
1986 | Theodore ""Ted"" Zuur | House | California | 5th | 2,078 | Lost | [58] | ||
1986 | Lawrence Manuel | House | California | 8th | 4,295 | Lost | [58] | ||
1986 | Bradley Mayer | House | California | 10th | 1,701 | Lost | [58] | ||
1986 | Ron Wright | House | California | 16th | 2,017 | Lost | [58] | ||
1986 | Joel Lorimer | House | California | 22nd | 2,930 | Lost | [58] | ||
1986 | Tom Hopke | House | California | 23rd | 2,521 | Lost | [58] | ||
1986 | James Green | House | California | 24th | 5,388 | Lost | [58] | ||
1986 | Thomas O'connor Jr | House | California | 27th | 2,078 | Lost | [58] | ||
1986 | B Kwaku Duren | House | California | 31st | 2,333 | Lost | [58] | ||
1986 | John Donohue | House | California | 32nd | 2,799 | Lost | [58] | ||
1986 | Mike Noonan | House | California | 33rd | 2,500 | Lost | [58] | ||
1986 | Frank Boeheim | House | California | 39th | 2,752 | Lost | [58] | ||
1986 | Steve Sears | House | California | 40th | 5,025 | Lost | [58] | ||
1986 | Kate Mcclatchy | House | California | 42nd | 4,761 | Lost | [58] | ||
1986 | Shirley Isaacson | House | California | 44th | 1,676 | Lost | [58] | ||
1986 | Paul Kangas | Senate | California | At-Large | 33,869 | Lost | [58] | ||
1984 | Henry Clark | House | California | 5th | 3,574 | Lost | [36] | ||
1984 | Charles John Zekan | House | California | 19th | 4,161 | Lost | [36] | ||
1984 | James Green | House | California | 24th | 2,780 | Lost | [36] | ||
1984 | Thomas O'connor Jr | House | California | 27th | 3,815 | Lost | [36] | ||
1984 | Patrick Mccoy | House | California | 32nd | 2,051 | Lost | [36] | ||
1984 | Mike Noonan | House | California | 33rd | 2,371 | Lost | [36] | ||
1984 | Kevin Akin | House | California | 35th | 29,990 | Lost | [36] | ||
1984 | Michael Schuyles Bright | House | California | 38th | 3,021 | Lost | [36] | ||
1984 | Maxine Bell Quirk | House | California | 40th | 3,969 | Lost | [36] | ||
1984 | John Donohue | House | California | 42nd | 5,811 | Lost | [36] | ||
1982 | Howard Fegarsky | House | California | 2nd | 3,126 | Lost | [59] | ||
1982 | John Reiger | House | California | 3rd | 6,294 | Lost | [59] | ||
1982 | Timothy-Allen Albertson | House | California | 6th | 2,366 | Lost | [59] | ||
1982 | Wilson Branch | House | California | 11th | 1,928 | Lost | [59] | ||
1982 | Charles Zekan | House | California | 19th | 1,520 | Lost | [59] | ||
1982 | Eugene Ruyle | House | California | 32nd | 3,473 | Lost | [59] | ||
1982 | James Michael Noonan | House | California | 33rd | 2,223 | Lost | [59] | ||
1982 | Frank Boeheim | House | California | 39th | 3,152 | Lost | [59] | ||
1982 | Maxine Bell Quirk | House | California | 40th | 4,826 | Lost | [59] | ||
1982 | John Donohue | House | California | 42nd | 5,514 | Lost | [59] | ||
1982 | David Wald | Senate | California | At-Large | 96,388 | Lost | [59] | ||
1980 | Linda Wren | House | California | 2nd | 3,354 | Lost | [37] | ||
1980 | Wilson Branch | House | California | 11th | 13,723 | Lost | [37] | ||
1980 | Adele Fumino | House | California | 12th | 3,184 | Lost | [37] | ||
1980 | Robert Goldsborough | House | California | 13th | 3,791 | Lost | [37] | ||
1980 | Jan Tucker | House | California | 21st | 2,038 | Lost | [37] | ||
1980 | Maggie Feigin | House | California | 24th | 5,905 | Lost | [37] | ||
1980 | John Donohue | House | California | 34th | 7,794 | Lost | [37] | ||
1980 | James Michael ""Mike"" Noonan | House | California | 35th | 5,492 | Lost | [37] | ||
1980 | David Wald | Senate | California | At-Large | 196,260 | Lost | [37] | ||
1978 | Irv Sutley | House | California | 2nd | 6,097 | Lost | [60] | ||
1978 | Lawrence Phillips | House | California | 9th | 5,562 | Lost | [60] | ||
1978 | Adele Fumino | House | California | 12th | 3,022 | Lost | [60] | ||
1978 | Robert Goldsborough Iii | House | California | 13th | 5,246 | Lost | [60] | ||
1978 | Milton Shiro Takei | House | California | 19th | 6,887 | Lost | [60] | ||
1978 | Bill Hill | House | California | 21st | 5,750 | Lost | [60] | ||
1978 | Kevin Casey Peters | House | California | 24th | 6,453 | Lost | [60] | ||
1976 | Robert Allred | House | California | 2nd | 6,444 | Lost | [38] | ||
1976 | Emily Siegel | House | California | 6th | 6,570 | Lost | [38] | ||
1976 | Robert Evans | House | California | 8th | 6,238 | Lost | [38] | ||
1976 | Albert Sargis | House | California | 9th | 3,386 | Lost | [38] | ||
1976 | Bill Hill | House | California | 21st | 7,178 | Lost | [38] | ||
1976 | Marilyn Seals | House | California | 25th | 4,922 | Lost | [38] | ||
1976 | David Wald | Senate | California | At-Large | 104,383 | Lost | [38] | ||
1968 | Huey P. Newton | House | California | 7th | 12,164 | Lost | [40] |
Year | Candidate | Office | State | District | Votes | % | Result | Notes | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2022 | Luis J. Rodriguez | Governor | California | At-Large | 124,672 | Lost | all-party blanket primary, did not advance to general; Green Party candidate endorsed by PFP | ||
2018 | Gloria La Riva | Governor | California | At-Large | 16,959 | Lost | all-party blanket primary, did not advance to general | ||
2014 | Cindy Sheehan | Governor | California | At-Large | 52,707 | Lost | all-party blanket primary, did not advance to general | ||
2010 | Carlos Alvarez | Governor | California | At-Large | 92,637 | Lost | |||
2006 | Janice Jordan | Governor | California | At-Large | 69,934 | Lost | |||
2003 | C. T. Weber | Governor | California | At-Large | 1,626 | Lost | |||
1998 | Gloria La Riva | Governor | California | At-Large | 59,218 | Lost | |||
1994 | Gloria La Riva | Governor | California | At-Large | 72,774 | Lost | |||
1990 | Maria Elizabeth Muñoz | Governor | California | At-Large | 88,707 | Lost | |||
1986 | Maria Elizabeth Muñoz | Governor | California | At-Large | 51,995 | Lost | |||
1982 | Elizabeth Martínez | Governor | California | At-Large | 70,327 | Lost | |||
1978 | Marilyn Seals | Governor | California | At-Large | 70,864 | Lost | |||
1974 | Elizabeth Keathley | Governor | California | At-Large | 75,004 | Lost | supported by California Libertarian Alliance | ||
1970 | Ricardo Romo | Governor | California | At-Large | 65,954 | Lost | joined Raza Unida Party after election |
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