Panyu, Guangzhou

This article is about the modern suburb of Guangzhou. For the ancient Panyu, see Guangzhou. For the actress, see Pan Yu.

Panyu, formerly romanized as Punyü,^[c] is one of 11 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province, China. In January 1975, Panyu County is under Guangzhou's administration. In 1992, Panyu County renamed to Panyu county-level city and still under Guangzhou's administration. It renamed to Panyu District on 10 July 2000. The present district covers an area of about 530 km² (200 sq mi).

Panyu 番禺区
District
Chimelong Paradise
Panyu in Guangzhou
Coordinates: 22°56′11″N 113°23′03″E
Country	People's Republic of China
Province	Guangdong
Sub-provincial city	Guangzhou
Area
• Total	530 km2 (200 sq mi)
Population  (2020 census[1])
• Total	2,658,397
• Density	5,000/km2 (13,000/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code	511400
Area code	020
Website	www.panyu.gov.cn

Panyu, Guangzhou
Chinese	番禺
Guangdong Romanization	Pun1-yu4
Hanyu Pinyin	Pānyú[a]
Postal	Punyu
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Pānyú[b] Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Pūnyùh Jyutping Pun1-jyu4 Canton Romanization Pun1-yu4

Geography

Panyu lies at the heart of the Pearl River Delta, its boundary straddles from latitudes 22.26' to 23.05', and sprawls from longitudes 113.14' to 113.42'. Facing the Lion Sea in the east and the estuary of the Pearl River in the south, its eastern border is separated from Dongguan by a strip of water, and the western border of Panyu is adjacent to the cities of Nanhai, Shunde and Zhongshan, while it abuts the downtown of Guangzhou in the north. The site of the People's government of Panyu is Shiqiao which is 17 km (11 mi) from downtown Guangzhou and 38 and 42 nautical miles (70 and 78 km) from the cities of Hong Kong and Macau, respectively. Shiqiao may have once been called "Stone Bridge town", but because of war, the characters changed, so Shiqiao was rewritten using the characters for "city" and "bridge".

History

A Chinese lacquerware box with the "Panyu" name on its surface, dating from the Qin dynasty.

The Chinese settlement at Panyu was established by the Qin armies under Zhao Tuo during their first failed invasion of the Baiyue in Guangdong in 214 BC. There are at least 11 separate theories on the etymology of the name.^[3] Upon the fall of the Qin, Zhao Tuo established Panyu as the capital of his kingdom of Nanyue in 204 BC. Archaeological evidence shows that it was a burgeoning commercial center: among the present material object remnants, there are those of Southeast Asian, Indian, and even African origin.^[4]

Yuexiu District, most of Baiyun and Huangpu Districts, and parts of parts of Liwan, Haizhu, and Tianhe Districts were originally part of Panyu County but were ceded to Guangzhou as it expanded. In January 1975, Panyu County is under Guangzhou's administration. In 1992, Panyu County renamed to Panyu county-level city and still under Guangzhou's administration. It renamed to Panyu District on 10 July 2000. By 28 April 2005, the southern part of Panyu was split off as the new Nansha District. On 30 September 2012, three southern towns of Panyu—Dongchong, Dagang, and Lanhe—were removed to Nansha's jurisdiction.

Administrative divisions

Administrative divisions of Panyu

Panyu district administers ten subdistricts (街道) and six towns (镇).^[5] The district executive, legislature and judiciary are based in the Shiqiao, together with the CPC and PSB branches. On 1 December 2012 three towns (Dongchong, Dagang, & Lanhe) were transferred to Nansha District.

Name	Chinese (S)	Hanyu Pinyin	Canton Romanization	Population (2010)[6]	Area (km2)
Shiqiao Subdistrict	市桥街道	Shìqiáo Jiēdào	xi5 kiu4 gai1 dou6	168,701	20.15
Zhongcun Subdistrict	钟村街道	Zhōngcūn Jiēdào	zung1 qun1 gai1 dou6	104,598	23.41
Shibi Subdistrict	石壁街道	Shíbì Jiēdào	ség6 big1 gai1 dou6	32,989	27.01
Dashi Subdistrict	大石街道	Dàshí Jiēdào	dai6 ség6 gai1 dou6	116,107	19.34
Luopu Subdistrict	洛浦街道	Luòpǔ Jiēdào	log6 pou2 gai1 dou6	89,294	25.38
Dalong Subdistrict	大龙街道	Dàlóng Jiēdào	dai6 lung4 gai1 dou6	129,515	24.80
Donghuan Subdistrict	东环街道	Dōnghuán Jiēdào	dung1 wan4 gai1 dou6	52,965	11.00
Qiaonan Subdistrict	桥南街道	Qiáonán Jiēdào	kiu4 nam4 gai1 dou6	72,695	17.85
Shatou Subdistrict	沙头街道	Shātóu Jiēdào	sa1 teo4 gai1 dou6	35,201	18.10
Xiaoguwei Subdistrict	小谷围街道	Xiǎogǔwéi Jiēdào	xiu2 gug1 wei4 gai1 dou6	131,470	20.15
Nancun town	南村镇	Náncūn Zhèn	nam4 qun1 zan3	129,076	47.00
Xinzao town	新造镇	Xīnzào Zhèn	sen1 lung4 zou6 zan3	27,248	14.12
Hualong town	化龙镇	Huàlóng Zhèn	fa3 lung4 zan3	53,142	55.70
Shilou town	石楼镇	Shílóu Zhèn	ség6 leo4 zan3	90,381	126.50
Shiqi town	石碁镇	Shíqí Zhèn	ség6 gei1 zen3	97,434	71.26
Shawan town	沙湾镇	Shāwān Zhèn	saa1 waan1 zan3	88,695	37.45

Transfer Towns

The following towns have been abolished, some by absorption into the Development zone of the Nansha District.

• Lianhuashan (莲花山镇), named after Lianhuashan Hill
• Xinken (新垦镇)
• Tanzhou (潭洲镇)
• Yuwotou (鱼窝头镇)
• Huangge (黄阁镇)
• Hengli (横沥镇)
• Wanqingsha (万顷沙镇)
• Dongchong (东涌镇)
• Dagang (大岗镇)
• Lanhe (榄核镇)

Villages

Under its various Subdistricts and Towns (and in the one Development zone), Panyu has 305 administration villages (行政村) - i.e. 305 village governments.

There are other 'natural villages' (自然村) which administratively count as being in one or another of the administration villages.

Climate

Climate data for Panyu (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	27.5 (81.5)	29.1 (84.4)	32.2 (90.0)	33.4 (92.1)	34.9 (94.8)	36.7 (98.1)	37.5 (99.5)	37.5 (99.5)	36.8 (98.2)	34.4 (93.9)	32.6 (90.7)	29.2 (84.6)	37.5 (99.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	19.0 (66.2)	20.3 (68.5)	22.7 (72.9)	26.8 (80.2)	30.4 (86.7)	32.3 (90.1)	33.5 (92.3)	33.4 (92.1)	32.3 (90.1)	29.6 (85.3)	25.6 (78.1)	21.0 (69.8)	27.2 (81.0)
Daily mean °C (°F)	14.6 (58.3)	16.1 (61.0)	18.9 (66.0)	23.0 (73.4)	26.4 (79.5)	28.4 (83.1)	29.3 (84.7)	29.2 (84.6)	28.1 (82.6)	25.3 (77.5)	21.0 (69.8)	16.3 (61.3)	23.1 (73.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	11.5 (52.7)	13.3 (55.9)	16.2 (61.2)	20.3 (68.5)	23.6 (74.5)	25.6 (78.1)	26.3 (79.3)	26.2 (79.2)	25.1 (77.2)	22.0 (71.6)	17.7 (63.9)	12.9 (55.2)	20.1 (68.1)
Record low °C (°F)	1.9 (35.4)	2.7 (36.9)	3.0 (37.4)	9.1 (48.4)	15.2 (59.4)	17.8 (64.0)	21.6 (70.9)	22.1 (71.8)	16.5 (61.7)	10.2 (50.4)	5.2 (41.4)	1.1 (34.0)	1.1 (34.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	49.7 (1.96)	49.3 (1.94)	89.8 (3.54)	182.9 (7.20)	275.2 (10.83)	310.9 (12.24)	221.4 (8.72)	251.1 (9.89)	178.6 (7.03)	68.1 (2.68)	40.5 (1.59)	34.6 (1.36)	1,752.1 (68.98)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	7.1	9.5	14.2	15.1	17.7	18.8	16.7	17.0	12.4	5.7	5.8	5.6	145.6
Average relative humidity (%)	71	76	80	81	81	82	79	79	75	68	68	66	76
Mean monthly sunshine hours	107.4	80.2	63.3	80.2	119.1	139.7	182.1	166.1	157.6	174.6	152.1	137.1	1,559.5
Percent possible sunshine	32	25	17	21	29	35	44	42	43	49	46	41	35
Source: China Meteorological Administration[7][8]

Economy

Statistics shows that in the year of 1998, the GDP in the district was 33.25 billion yuan, an increase of 13% over the previous year, and the GDP per capita was 35.5 thousand Yuan, an increase of 11%, compared with the previous year.

The amusement park operator Chimelong has its headquarters on the grounds of Chimelong Paradise in the district.^[9]

Transportation

Guangzhou Metro Lines 2 and 3 serve parts of Panyu District. Line 2 was extended into the district in Sept. 2010. Guangzhou South railway station, the main high-speed railway station serving Guangzhou, is situated within the boundaries of Panyu District.

Panyu Public Transport operates buses in the district.

Metro

Nancun Wanbo Business Area

Panyu is currently service by four metro lines operated by Guangzhou Metro:

•      Line 2 - Luoxi, Nanpu, Huijiang, Shibi ( 7 ), Guangzhou South Station ( 7 )
•      Line 3 - Xiajiao, Dashi, Hanxi Changlong ( 7 ), Shiqiao, Panyu Square
•      Line 4 - Higher Education Mega Center North, Higher Education Mega Center South ( 7 ), Xinzao, Guanqiao (not open), Shiqi, Haibang, Dichong, Qingsheng
•      Line 7 - Guangzhou South Station ( 2 ), Shibi ( 2 ), Xiecun, Zhongcun, Hanxi Changlong ( 3 ), Nancun Wanbo, Yuangang, Banqiao, Higher Education Mega Center South( 4 )

Tourist attractions

Lotus Hill

• Yuyin Mount Garden：One of the four famous gardens in Guangdong Province in the Qing dynasty.^[10]
• Baomo Garden^[11]
• Lotus Hill
• Changlong Night Zoo^[12]
• Xiangjiang Wildlife World^[13]
• Chime-Long Paradise
• Shawan Ancient Town

Major educational institutions

The Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center includes more than ten higher education institutions.

Schools for Chinese students:

• Guangdong Zhongyuan High School^[14]
• Nord Anglia School Guangzhou Panyu^[15]

International schools:

• Canadian International School of Guangzhou^[16]
• Guangzhou Korea School^[17]
• Clifford International School^[18]

Notable individuals

People born in or with family links to the Panyu District:

• Xian Xinghai
• Deng Shichang
• Wang Jingwei
• Guan Liang
• Henry Fok
• Wong Jim
• Patrick Tse
• Nicholas Tse
• Francis Ng
• Sandra Ng
• Lawrence Ng
• Nick Cheung Ka Fai
• Edmund Ho
• Frankie Lam
• Hu Hanmin
• Selina Chow
• Michael Hui
• Samuel Hui
• Ricky Hui
• Shih Kien
• Chen Zhizhao
• Charles Sew Hoy

International Relations

Panyu has a cooperational agreement with:

• Aveiro, Portugal
• Prague 5, Czech Republic^[19]

See also

• Hung Shing

Notes

1. Often mispronounced as Fānyú.
2. Often mispronounced as Fānyú.
3. Panyu was also alternately romanized as Pwan-yu.^[2]

References

1. "Guangzhou: Subdivision". Retrieved March 25, 2024.
2. Baynes, T. S., ed. (1878), "China" , Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 5 (9th ed.), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons
3. 番禺求证
4. Yi Song-mi Erickson, Susan N.; Nylan, Michael (2010), "The Archaeology of the Outlying Lands", China's Early Empires, p. 163.
5. 番禺区. National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2013. Retrieved March 17, 2014. (in Chinese)
6. shi, Guo wu yuan ren kou pu cha ban gong; council, Guo jia tong ji ju ren kou he jiu ye tong ji si bian = Tabulation on the 2010 population census of the people's republic of China by township / compiled by Population census office under the state; population, Department of; statistics, employment statistics national bureau of (2012). Zhongguo 2010 nian ren kou pu cha fen xiang, zhen, jie dao zi liao (Di 1 ban. ed.). Beijing Shi: Zhongguo tong ji chu ban she. ISBN 978-7-5037-6660-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
7. 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
8. 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
9. "Contact Us 联系我们". Chimelong. Retrieved 2019-06-04. 长隆集团总部 地址：广州市番禺区番禺大道 [Chimelong Group Headquarters: Panyu Dadao, Panyu District, Guangzhou City] [...] 长隆欢乐世界 地址：广州市番禺区番禺大道 [ Chimelong Paradise: Panyu Dadao, Panyu District, Guangzhou City]
10. "Guangzhou". web.gdut.edu.cn. Archived from the original on 2003-05-10.
11. "Baomo Garden - Guangzhou through a lens - Cities & Towns - Newsgd".
12. "World Second Night Zoo Built in Guangzhou".
13. "Guangzhou". web.gdut.edu.cn. Archived from the original on 2003-05-10.
14. "广东仲元中学-师生交流平台". Archived from the original on 2011-02-10. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
15. "Home". Nord Anglia Education. Retrieved 2023-10-13. Xihe Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou.
16. "Home". Canadian International School of Guangzhou. Retrieved 2020-05-13. Dongyi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou.
17. "Guide for Foreigners in Guangzhou" (Archive). Foreign Affairs Office of the Guangzhou Municipal Government (广州市人民政府外事办公室). p. 32/74. Retrieved on August 17, 2015. "Guangzhou Korea School Add: Jinxiu Xiangjiang Estate, Nancun Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou"
18. "Home". Clifford international school. Retrieved 2021-05-13. Clifford School, Clifford Estates, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province People's Republic of China 511495
19. "Council resolution of Prague 5th district approved on April 14 2015".

External links

• Media related to Panyu District at Wikimedia Commons
• Panyu Panyu District official website
• Photos of Panyu, courtesy of Vince K. Chan
• Panyu Travel Guide
• 'Red Diamond', on Panyu's diamond processing industry, by Venkatesan Vembu, Daily News & Analysis, 11 March 2007