Panyassis

Panyassis of Halicarnassus, sometimes known as Panyasis (Ancient Greek: Πανύασις), was a 5th-century BC Greek epic poet from Halicarnassus in the Persian Empire (modern-day Bodrum, Turkey).

Panyassis
Πανύασις
Bust of Panyassis.
Born	5th century BC Halicarnassus, Caria, Asia Minor, Persian Empire (modern-day Bodrum, Muğla, Turkey)
Died	454 BC Halicarnassus
Cause of death	Executed
Occupation	Poet
Notable work	Heracleia Ionica
Relatives	Herodotus (nephew or cousin)

Life

Panyassis was the son of Polyarchus (Ancient Greek: Πολύαρχος) from Halicarnassus,^[1] but the historian Duris of Samos claimed that Panyasis was the son of Diocles (Ancient Greek: Διοκλῆς) and from Samos.^[2] In addition, the historian Herodotus was either his nephew or his cousin.^[3] There was also another person of the same name, possibly the grandson of the poet, who wrote a work in two books on dreams.^[4]

In 454 BC, Panyassis was executed for political activities by the tyrant of Halicarnassus and grandson of Artemisia, Lygdamis ΙΙ (Λύγδαμις), after an unsuccessful uprising against him.^[3]

Panyasis was ranked by the Alexandrian School with the great epic poets.^[4]

The Suda encyclopedia mentions Panyassis.

Works

Panyassis enjoyed relatively little critical appreciation during his lifetime, but was posthumously recognised as one of the greatest poets of archaic Greece. His most famous works are: the Heracleia about the hero Heracles, written in epic hexameter, and the Ionica about the histories of the Ionian cities of Asia Minor, reportedly written in pentameter. These works are preserved today only in fragments. It is believed that he also wrote other works which have since been lost.^[5]

References

1. PANYASSIS, HERACLEA - Testimonia
2. Priestley, Jessica (April 2014). Herodotus and Hellenistic Culture: Literary Studies in the Reception of the Histories. Oxford University Press. p. 26. ISBN 978-0199653096.
3. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Panyasis" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 686.
4. Harry Thurston Peck, Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities (1898)
5. Matthews, V. J. (1974). Panyassis of Halikarnassos: text and commentary. Leiden: Brill. pp. Poetarum Epicorum Graecorum testimonia et fragmenta, pt. 1, ed.A. Bernabé, Berlin, 1987.