PPM1B

Protein phosphatase 1B is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PPM1B gene.^[5][6]

PPM1B
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2P8E
Identifiers
Aliases	PPM1B, PP2C-beta, PP2C-beta-X, PP2CB, PP2CBETA, PPC2BETAX, protein phosphatase, Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent 1B
External IDs	OMIM: 603770; MGI: 101841; HomoloGene: 2027; GeneCards: PPM1B; OMA:PPM1B - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 2 (human)[1] Band 2p21 Start 44,167,969 bp[1] End 44,244,384 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 17 (mouse)[2] Band 17 E4|17 55.13 cM Start 85,264,169 bp[2] End 85,331,419 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in secondary oocyte Epithelium of choroid plexus retinal pigment epithelium gastrocnemius muscle biceps brachii Skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis muscle of thigh Skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii deltoid muscle glutes Top expressed in neural layer of retina ankle spermatid muscle of thigh digastric muscle temporal muscle saccule sternocleidomastoid muscle body of femur cerebellar cortex More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding magnesium ion binding manganese ion binding protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity phosphoprotein phosphatase activity catalytic activity cation binding hydrolase activity metal ion binding Cellular component membrane cytoplasm nucleolus cytosol nucleus Biological process protein dephosphorylation negative regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling negative regulation of defense response to virus N-terminal protein myristoylation peptidyl-threonine dephosphorylation negative regulation of interferon-beta production negative regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 5495 19043 Ensembl ENSG00000138032 ENSMUSG00000061130 UniProt O75688 P36993 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001033556 NM_001033557 NM_002706 NM_177968 NM_177969 NM_001159496 NM_001159497 NM_001159498 NM_011151 RefSeq (protein) NP_001028729 NP_002697 NP_808907 NP_808908 NP_001152968 NP_001152969 NP_001152970 NP_035281 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 44.17 – 44.24 Mb Chr 17: 85.26 – 85.33 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the PP2C family of Ser/Thr protein phosphatases. PP2C family members are known to be negative regulators of cell stress response pathways. This phosphatase has been shown to dephosphorylate cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and thus may be involved in cell cycle control. Overexpression of this phosphatase is reported to cause cell-growth arrest or cell death. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. Additional transcript variants have been described, but currently do not represent full-length sequences.^[6]

Interactions

PPM1B has been shown to interact with:

• CDK2,^[7]
• CDK6,^[7]
• CHUK,^[8]
• IKBKG,^[8]
• IKK2,^[8]
• MAP3K7,^[9] and
• PPARγ.^[10]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000138032 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000061130 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Marley AE, Kline A, Crabtree G, Sullivan JE, Beri RK (August 1998). "The cloning expression and tissue distribution of human PP2Cbeta". FEBS Lett. 431 (1): 121–4. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(98)00708-X. PMID 9684878. S2CID 84075989.
6. "Entrez Gene: PPM1B protein phosphatase 1B (formerly 2C), magnesium-dependent, beta isoform".
7. Cheng A, Kaldis P, Solomon MJ (November 2000). "Dephosphorylation of human cyclin-dependent kinases by protein phosphatase type 2C alpha and beta 2 isoforms". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (44): 34744–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M006210200. PMID 10934208.
8. Prajapati S, Verma U, Yamamoto Y, Kwak YT, Gaynor RB (January 2004). "Protein phosphatase 2Cbeta association with the IkappaB kinase complex is involved in regulating NF-kappaB activity". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (3): 1739–46. doi:10.1074/jbc.M306273200. PMID 14585847.
9. Hanada M, Ninomiya-Tsuji J, Komaki K, Ohnishi M, Katsura K, Kanamaru R, Matsumoto K, Tamura S (February 2001). "Regulation of the TAK1 signaling pathway by protein phosphatase 2C". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (8): 5753–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M007773200. PMID 11104763.
10. Tasdelen I, van Beekum O, Gorbenko O, Fleskens V, van den Broek NJ, Koppen A, Hamers N, Berger R, Coffer PJ, Brenkman AB, Kalkhoven E (2013). "The serine/threonine phosphatase PPM1B (PP2Cβ) selectively modulates PPARγ activity". Biochem. J. 451 (1): 45–53. doi:10.1042/BJ20121113. PMID 23320500.

Further reading

• Hishiya A, Ohnishi M, Tamura S, Nakamura F (1999). "Protein phosphatase 2C inactivates F-actin binding of human platelet moesin". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (38): 26705–12. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.38.26705. PMID 10480873.
• Cheng A, Ross KE, Kaldis P, Solomon MJ (2000). "Dephosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinases by type 2C protein phosphatases". Genes Dev. 13 (22): 2946–57. doi:10.1101/gad.13.22.2946. PMC 317162. PMID 10580002.
• Cheng A, Kaldis P, Solomon MJ (2000). "Dephosphorylation of human cyclin-dependent kinases by protein phosphatase type 2C alpha and beta 2 isoforms". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (44): 34744–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M006210200. PMID 10934208.
• Hanada M, Ninomiya-Tsuji J, Komaki K, Ohnishi M, Katsura K, Kanamaru R, Matsumoto K, Tamura S (2001). "Regulation of the TAK1 signaling pathway by protein phosphatase 2C". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (8): 5753–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M007773200. PMID 11104763.
• Parvari R, Brodyansky I, Elpeleg O, Moses S, Landau D, Hershkovitz E (2001). "A recessive contiguous gene deletion of chromosome 2p16 associated with cystinuria and a mitochondrial disease". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 69 (4): 869–75. doi:10.1086/323624. PMC 1226072. PMID 11524703.
• Seroussi E, Shani N, Ben-Meir D, Chajut A, Divinski I, Faier S, Gery S, Karby S, Kariv-Inbal Z, Sella O, Smorodinsky NI, Lavi S (2001). "Uniquely conserved non-translated regions are involved in generation of the two major transcripts of protein phosphatase 2Cbeta". J. Mol. Biol. 312 (3): 439–51. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2001.4967. PMID 11563908.
• Prajapati S, Verma U, Yamamoto Y, Kwak YT, Gaynor RB (2004). "Protein phosphatase 2Cbeta association with the IkappaB kinase complex is involved in regulating NF-kappaB activity". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (3): 1739–46. doi:10.1074/jbc.M306273200. PMID 14585847.
• Parvari R, Gonen Y, Alshafee I, Buriakovsky S, Regev K, Hershkovitz E (2005). "The 2p21 deletion syndrome: characterization of the transcription content". Genomics. 86 (2): 195–211. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2005.04.001. PMID 15913950.
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026.