Academy Award for Best Director

The Academy Award for Best Director (officially known as the Academy Award of Merit for Directing) is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is given in honor of a film director who has exhibited outstanding directing while working in the film industry.

Academy Award for Best Director
The 2024 recipient: Christopher Nolan
Awarded for	Excellence in Cinematic Direction Achievement
Country	United States
Presented by	Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS)
First awarded	1929
Most recent winner	Christopher Nolan, Oppenheimer (2024)
Most awards	John Ford (4)
Most nominations	William Wyler (12)
Website	oscars.org

The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with the award being split into "Dramatic" and "Comedy" categories; Frank Borzage and Lewis Milestone won for 7th Heaven and Two Arabian Knights, respectively.^[1] However, these categories were merged for all subsequent ceremonies.^[2] Nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the directors branch of AMPAS; winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the academy.^[3][4][5]

For the first eleven years of the Academy Awards, directors were allowed to be nominated for multiple films in the same year. However, after the nomination of Michael Curtiz for two films, Angels with Dirty Faces and Four Daughters, at the 11th Academy Awards, the rules were revised so that an individual could only be nominated for one film at each ceremony.^[6] That rule has since been amended, although the only director who has received multiple nominations in the same year was Steven Soderbergh for Erin Brockovich and Traffic in 2000, winning the award for the latter. The Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture have been very closely linked throughout their history. Of the 89 films that won Best Picture and were also nominated for Best Director, 68 won the award.^[7][8]

Since its inception, the award has been given to 75 directors or directing teams. As of the 96th Academy Awards ceremony, British-American filmmaker Christopher Nolan is the most recent winner in this category for his work on Oppenheimer.

Winners and nominees

In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of film release in Los Angeles County, California; the ceremonies are always held the following year.^[9] For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31.^[10] For the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1, 1932, to December 31, 1933.^[10] Since the 7th ceremony held in 1935, the period of eligibility became the full previous calendar year from January 1 to December 31.^[10]

Frank Borzage won twice: "Dramatic director" at the first ceremony, for 7th Heaven (1927); & later, Bad Girl (1931).

Lewis Milestone won twice: "Comedy director" at the first ceremony, for Two Arabian Knights (1927); & later, All Quiet on the Western Front (1930).

Frank Lloyd won twice, for The Divine Lady (1929) & Cavalcade (1933).

Frank Capra won thrice, for It Happened One Night (1934), Mr. Deeds Goes to Town (1936), & You Can't Take It with You (1938).

John Ford won a record four times, for: The Informer (1935), The Grapes of Wrath (1940), How Green Was My Valley (1941), & The Quiet Man (1952).

Leo McCarey won twice, for The Awful Truth (1937) & Going My Way (1944).

Victor Fleming won for Gone with the Wind (1939).

William Wyler, with a record twelve nominations, won thrice, for: Mrs. Miniver (1942), The Best Years of Our Lives (1946), & Ben-Hur (1959).

Michael Curtiz won for Casablanca (1942).

Billy Wilder (right, with Gloria Swanson) won twice, for The Lost Weekend (1945) & The Apartment (1960).

Elia Kazan won twice, for Gentleman's Agreement (1947) & On the Waterfront (1954).

John Huston won for The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (1948).

Joseph L. Mankiewicz won twice consecutively, for A Letter to Three Wives (1949) & All About Eve (1950).

George Stevens won twice, for A Place in the Sun (1951) & Giant (1956).

Fred Zinnemann won twice, for From Here to Eternity (1953) & A Man for All Seasons (1966).

David Lean won twice, for The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957) & Lawrence of Arabia (1962).

Vincente Minnelli won for Gigi (1958).

Robert Wise won twice: jointly with Jerome Robbins (an Oscars first) for West Side Story (1961) & solo for The Sound of Music (1965).

George Cukor won for My Fair Lady (1964).

Mike Nichols won for The Graduate (1967).

Carol Reed won for Oliver! (1968).

Franklin J. Schaffner won for Patton (1970).

William Friedkin won for The French Connection (1971).

Bob Fosse won for Cabaret (1972).

Francis Ford Coppola won for The Godfather Part II (1974).

Miloš Forman won twice, for One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975) & Amadeus (1984).

Woody Allen won for Annie Hall (1977).

Robert Redford won for Ordinary People (1980).

Warren Beatty won for Reds (1981).

Richard Attenborough won for Gandhi (1982).

James L. Brooks won for Terms of Endearment (1983).

Sydney Pollack won for Out of Africa (1985).

Oliver Stone won twice, for Platoon (1986) & Born on the Fourth of July (1989).

Bernardo Bertolucci won for The Last Emperor (1987).

Barry Levinson won for Rain Man (1988).

Kevin Costner won for Dances with Wolves (1990).

Jonathan Demme won for The Silence of the Lambs (1991).

Clint Eastwood won twice, for Unforgiven (1992) & Million Dollar Baby (2004)—latter, at 74, rendered him the oldest winner.

Steven Spielberg won twice, for Schindler's List (1993) & Saving Private Ryan (1998).

Robert Zemeckis won for Forrest Gump (1994).

Mel Gibson won for Braveheart (1995).

James Cameron won for Titanic (1997).

Sam Mendes won for American Beauty (1999).

Steven Soderbergh won for Traffic (2000).

Ron Howard won for A Beautiful Mind (2001).

Roman Polanski won for The Pianist (2002).

Peter Jackson won for The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003).

Ang Lee won twice, for Brokeback Mountain (2005) & Life of Pi (2012); first Asian winner.

Martin Scorsese won for The Departed (2006).

The Coen brothers won for No Country for Old Men (2007).

Danny Boyle won for Slumdog Millionaire (2008).

Kathryn Bigelow won for The Hurt Locker (2009); first woman to win.

Tom Hooper won for The King's Speech (2010).

Michel Hazanavicius won for The Artist (2011).

Alfonso Cuarón won twice, for Gravity (2013) & Roma (2018); first Mexican winner.

Alejandro G. Iñárritu won twice consecutively, for Birdman (2014) & The Revenant (2015).

Damien Chazelle won for La La Land (2016); youngest winner, at age 32.

Guillermo del Toro won for The Shape of Water (2017).

Bong Joon-ho won for Parasite (2019); first to direct a foreign-language (Korean) winner for Best Picture.

Chloé Zhao won for Nomadland (2020); first woman of color to win.

Jane Campion won for The Power of the Dog (2021); first woman to be nominated twice.

The Daniels won for Everything Everywhere All at Once (2022).

Table key

Indicates the winner

1920s

Year	Director(s)	Film	Ref.
1927/28 (1st)	Frank Borzage (Dramatic Picture)	7th Heaven	[11]
	Herbert Brenon (Dramatic Picture)	Sorrell and Son
	King Vidor (Dramatic Picture)	The Crowd
	Lewis Milestone (Comedy Picture)	Two Arabian Knights
	Ted Wilde (Comedy Picture)	Speedy
	Charlie Chaplin (Comedy Picture)	The Circus[a]	[12]
1928/29 (2nd) [b]	Frank Lloyd	The Divine Lady	[13]
	Lionel Barrymore	Madame X
	Harry Beaumont	The Broadway Melody
	Irving Cummings	In Old Arizona
	Frank Lloyd	Drag
		Weary River
	Ernst Lubitsch	The Patriot

1930s

Year	Director(s)	Film	Ref.
1929/30 (3rd)	Lewis Milestone	All Quiet on the Western Front	[14]
	Clarence Brown[c]	Anna Christie
		Romance
	Robert Z. Leonard	The Divorcee
	Ernst Lubitsch	The Love Parade
	King Vidor	Hallelujah!
1930/31 (4th)	Norman Taurog	Skippy	[15]
	Clarence Brown	A Free Soul
	Lewis Milestone	The Front Page
	Wesley Ruggles	Cimarron
	Josef von Sternberg	Morocco
1931/32 (5th)	Frank Borzage	Bad Girl	[16]
	King Vidor	The Champ
	Josef von Sternberg	Shanghai Express
1932/33 (6th)	Frank Lloyd	Cavalcade	[17]
	Frank Capra	Lady for a Day
	George Cukor	Little Women
1934 (7th)	Frank Capra	It Happened One Night	[18]
	Victor Schertzinger	One Night of Love
	W. S. Van Dyke	The Thin Man
1935 (8th)	John Ford	The Informer	[19][20]
	Henry Hathaway	The Lives of a Bengal Lancer
	Frank Lloyd	Mutiny on the Bounty
	Michael Curtiz (Write-in)[d]	Captain Blood
1936 (9th)	Frank Capra	Mr. Deeds Goes to Town	[21]
	Gregory La Cava	My Man Godfrey
	Robert Z. Leonard	The Great Ziegfeld
	W. S. Van Dyke	San Francisco
	William Wyler	Dodsworth
1937 (10th)	Leo McCarey	The Awful Truth	[22]
	William Dieterle	The Life of Emile Zola
	Sidney Franklin	The Good Earth
	Gregory La Cava	Stage Door
	William A. Wellman	A Star Is Born
1938 (11th)	Frank Capra	You Can't Take It with You	[23]
	Michael Curtiz	Angels with Dirty Faces
		Four Daughters
	Norman Taurog	Boys Town
	King Vidor	The Citadel
1939 (12th)	Victor Fleming	Gone with the Wind	[24]
	Frank Capra	Mr. Smith Goes to Washington
	John Ford	Stagecoach
	Sam Wood	Goodbye, Mr. Chips
	William Wyler	Wuthering Heights

1940s

Year	Director(s)	Film	Ref.
1940 (13th)	John Ford	The Grapes of Wrath	[25]
	George Cukor	The Philadelphia Story
	Alfred Hitchcock	Rebecca
	Sam Wood	Kitty Foyle
	William Wyler	The Letter
1941 (14th)	John Ford	How Green Was My Valley	[26]
	Alexander Hall	Here Comes Mr. Jordan
	Howard Hawks	Sergeant York
	Orson Welles	Citizen Kane
	William Wyler	The Little Foxes
1942 (15th)	William Wyler	Mrs. Miniver	[27]
	Michael Curtiz	Yankee Doodle Dandy
	John Farrow	Wake Island
	Mervyn LeRoy	Random Harvest
	Sam Wood	Kings Row
1943 (16th)	Michael Curtiz	Casablanca	[28]
	Clarence Brown	The Human Comedy
	Henry King	The Song of Bernadette
	Ernst Lubitsch	Heaven Can Wait
	George Stevens	The More the Merrier
1944 (17th)	Leo McCarey	Going My Way	[29]
	Alfred Hitchcock	Lifeboat
	Henry King	Wilson
	Otto Preminger	Laura
	Billy Wilder	Double Indemnity
1945 (18th)	Billy Wilder	The Lost Weekend	[30]
	Clarence Brown	National Velvet
	Alfred Hitchcock	Spellbound
	Leo McCarey	The Bells of St. Mary's
	Jean Renoir	The Southerner
1946 (19th)	William Wyler	The Best Years of Our Lives	[31]
	Clarence Brown	The Yearling
	Frank Capra	It's a Wonderful Life
	David Lean	Brief Encounter
	Robert Siodmak	The Killers
1947 (20th)	Elia Kazan	Gentleman's Agreement	[32]
	George Cukor	A Double Life
	Edward Dmytryk	Crossfire
	Henry Koster	The Bishop's Wife
	David Lean	Great Expectations
1948 (21st)	John Huston	The Treasure of the Sierra Madre	[33]
	Anatole Litvak	The Snake Pit
	Jean Negulesco	Johnny Belinda
	Laurence Olivier	Hamlet
	Fred Zinnemann	The Search
1949 (22nd)	Joseph L. Mankiewicz	A Letter to Three Wives	[34]
	Carol Reed	The Fallen Idol
	Robert Rossen	All the King's Men
	William A. Wellman	Battleground
	William Wyler	The Heiress

1950s

Year	Director(s)	Film	Ref.
1950 (23rd)	Joseph L. Mankiewicz	All About Eve	[35]
	George Cukor	Born Yesterday
	John Huston	The Asphalt Jungle
	Carol Reed	The Third Man
	Billy Wilder	Sunset Boulevard
1951 (24th)	George Stevens	A Place in the Sun	[36]
	John Huston	The African Queen
	Elia Kazan	A Streetcar Named Desire
	Vincente Minnelli	An American in Paris
	William Wyler	Detective Story
1952 (25th)	John Ford	The Quiet Man	[37]
	Cecil B. DeMille	The Greatest Show on Earth
	John Huston	Moulin Rouge
	Joseph L. Mankiewicz	5 Fingers
	Fred Zinnemann	High Noon
1953 (26th)	Fred Zinnemann	From Here to Eternity	[38]
	George Stevens	Shane
	Charles Walters	Lili
	Billy Wilder	Stalag 17
	William Wyler	Roman Holiday
1954 (27th)	Elia Kazan	On the Waterfront	[39]
	Alfred Hitchcock	Rear Window
	George Seaton	The Country Girl
	William A. Wellman	The High and the Mighty
	Billy Wilder	Sabrina
1955 (28th)	Delbert Mann	Marty	[40]
	Elia Kazan	East of Eden
	David Lean	Summertime
	Joshua Logan	Picnic
	John Sturges	Bad Day at Black Rock
1956 (29th)	George Stevens	Giant	[41]
	Michael Anderson	Around the World in 80 Days
	Walter Lang	The King and I
	King Vidor	War and Peace
	William Wyler	Friendly Persuasion
1957 (30th)	David Lean	The Bridge on the River Kwai	[42]
	Joshua Logan	Sayonara
	Sidney Lumet	12 Angry Men
	Mark Robson	Peyton Place
	Billy Wilder	Witness for the Prosecution
1958 (31st)	Vincente Minnelli	Gigi	[43]
	Richard Brooks	Cat on a Hot Tin Roof
	Stanley Kramer	The Defiant Ones
	Mark Robson	The Inn of the Sixth Happiness
	Robert Wise	I Want to Live!
1959 (32nd)	William Wyler	Ben-Hur	[44]
	Jack Clayton	Room at the Top
	George Stevens	The Diary of Anne Frank
	Billy Wilder	Some Like It Hot
	Fred Zinnemann	The Nun's Story

1960s

Year	Director(s)	Film	Ref.
1960 (33rd)	Billy Wilder	The Apartment	[45]
	Jack Cardiff	Sons and Lovers
	Jules Dassin	Never on Sunday
	Alfred Hitchcock	Psycho
	Fred Zinnemann	The Sundowners
1961 (34th)	Robert Wise & Jerome Robbins	West Side Story	[46]
	Federico Fellini	La Dolce Vita
	Stanley Kramer	Judgment at Nuremberg
	Robert Rossen	The Hustler
	J. Lee Thompson	The Guns of Navarone
1962 (35th)	David Lean	Lawrence of Arabia	[47]
	Pietro Germi	Divorce Italian Style
	Robert Mulligan	To Kill a Mockingbird
	Arthur Penn	The Miracle Worker
	Frank Perry	David and Lisa
1963 (36th)	Tony Richardson	Tom Jones	[48]
	Federico Fellini	8½
	Elia Kazan	America America
	Otto Preminger	The Cardinal
	Martin Ritt	Hud
1964 (37th)	George Cukor	My Fair Lady	[49]
	Michael Cacoyannis	Zorba the Greek
	Peter Glenville	Becket
	Stanley Kubrick	Dr. Strangelove
	Robert Stevenson	Mary Poppins
1965 (38th)	Robert Wise	The Sound of Music	[50]
	David Lean	Doctor Zhivago
	John Schlesinger	Darling
	Hiroshi Teshigahara	Woman in the Dunes
	William Wyler	The Collector
1966 (39th)	Fred Zinnemann	A Man for All Seasons	[51]
	Michelangelo Antonioni	Blowup
	Richard Brooks	The Professionals
	Claude Lelouch	A Man and a Woman
	Mike Nichols	Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?
1967 (40th)	Mike Nichols	The Graduate	[52]
	Richard Brooks	In Cold Blood
	Norman Jewison	In the Heat of the Night
	Stanley Kramer	Guess Who's Coming to Dinner
	Arthur Penn	Bonnie and Clyde
1968 (41st)	Carol Reed	Oliver!	[53]
	Anthony Harvey	The Lion in Winter
	Stanley Kubrick	2001: A Space Odyssey
	Gillo Pontecorvo	The Battle of Algiers
	Franco Zeffirelli	Romeo and Juliet
1969 (42nd)	John Schlesinger	Midnight Cowboy	[54]
	Costa-Gavras	Z
	George Roy Hill	Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid
	Arthur Penn	Alice's Restaurant
	Sydney Pollack	They Shoot Horses, Don't They?

1970s

Year	Director(s)	Film	Ref.
1970 (43rd)	Franklin J. Schaffner	Patton	[55]
	Robert Altman	M*A*S*H
	Federico Fellini	Fellini Satyricon
	Arthur Hiller	Love Story
	Ken Russell	Women in Love
1971 (44th)	William Friedkin	The French Connection	[56]
	Peter Bogdanovich	The Last Picture Show
	Norman Jewison	Fiddler on the Roof
	Stanley Kubrick	A Clockwork Orange
	John Schlesinger	Sunday Bloody Sunday
1972 (45th)	Bob Fosse	Cabaret	[57]
	John Boorman	Deliverance
	Francis Ford Coppola	The Godfather
	Joseph L. Mankiewicz	Sleuth
	Jan Troell	The Emigrants
1973 (46th)	George Roy Hill	The Sting	[58]
	Ingmar Bergman	Cries and Whispers
	Bernardo Bertolucci	Last Tango in Paris
	William Friedkin	The Exorcist
	George Lucas	American Graffiti
1974 (47th)	Francis Ford Coppola	The Godfather Part II	[59]
	John Cassavetes	A Woman Under the Influence
	Bob Fosse	Lenny
	Roman Polanski	Chinatown
	François Truffaut	Day for Night
1975 (48th)	Miloš Forman	One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest	[60]
	Robert Altman	Nashville
	Federico Fellini	Amarcord
	Stanley Kubrick	Barry Lyndon
	Sidney Lumet	Dog Day Afternoon
1976 (49th)	John G. Avildsen	Rocky	[61]
	Ingmar Bergman	Face to Face
	Sidney Lumet	Network
	Alan J. Pakula	All the President's Men
	Lina Wertmüller	Seven Beauties
1977 (50th)	Woody Allen	Annie Hall	[62]
	George Lucas	Star Wars
	Herbert Ross	The Turning Point
	Steven Spielberg	Close Encounters of the Third Kind
	Fred Zinnemann	Julia
1978 (51st)	Michael Cimino	The Deer Hunter	[63]
	Woody Allen	Interiors
	Hal Ashby	Coming Home
	Warren Beatty & Buck Henry	Heaven Can Wait
	Alan Parker	Midnight Express
1979 (52nd)	Robert Benton	Kramer vs. Kramer	[64]
	Francis Ford Coppola	Apocalypse Now
	Bob Fosse	All That Jazz
	Édouard Molinaro	La Cage aux Folles
	Peter Yates	Breaking Away

1980s

Year	Director(s)	Film	Ref.
1980 (53rd)	Robert Redford	Ordinary People	[65]
	David Lynch	The Elephant Man
	Roman Polanski	Tess
	Richard Rush	The Stunt Man
	Martin Scorsese	Raging Bull
1981 (54th)	Warren Beatty	Reds	[66]
	Hugh Hudson	Chariots of Fire
	Louis Malle	Atlantic City
	Mark Rydell	On Golden Pond
	Steven Spielberg	Raiders of the Lost Ark
1982 (55th)	Richard Attenborough	Gandhi	[67]
	Sidney Lumet	The Verdict
	Wolfgang Petersen	Das Boot
	Sydney Pollack	Tootsie
	Steven Spielberg	E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial
1983 (56th)	James L. Brooks	Terms of Endearment	[68]
	Bruce Beresford	Tender Mercies
	Ingmar Bergman	Fanny and Alexander
	Mike Nichols	Silkwood
	Peter Yates	The Dresser
1984 (57th)	Miloš Forman	Amadeus	[69]
	Woody Allen	Broadway Danny Rose
	Robert Benton	Places in the Heart
	Roland Joffé	The Killing Fields
	David Lean	A Passage to India
1985 (58th)	Sydney Pollack	Out of Africa	[70]
	Héctor Babenco	Kiss of the Spider Woman
	John Huston	Prizzi's Honor
	Akira Kurosawa	Ran
	Peter Weir	Witness
1986 (59th)	Oliver Stone	Platoon	[71]
	Woody Allen	Hannah and Her Sisters
	James Ivory	A Room with a View
	Roland Joffé	The Mission
	David Lynch	Blue Velvet
1987 (60th)	Bernardo Bertolucci	The Last Emperor	[72]
	John Boorman	Hope and Glory
	Lasse Hallström	My Life as a Dog
	Norman Jewison	Moonstruck
	Adrian Lyne	Fatal Attraction
1988 (61st)	Barry Levinson	Rain Man	[73]
	Charles Crichton	A Fish Called Wanda
	Mike Nichols	Working Girl
	Alan Parker	Mississippi Burning
	Martin Scorsese	The Last Temptation of Christ
1989 (62nd)	Oliver Stone	Born on the Fourth of July	[74]
	Woody Allen	Crimes and Misdemeanors
	Kenneth Branagh	Henry V
	Jim Sheridan	My Left Foot
	Peter Weir	Dead Poets Society

1990s

Year	Director(s)	Film	Ref.
1990 (63rd)	Kevin Costner	Dances with Wolves	[75]
	Francis Ford Coppola	The Godfather Part III
	Stephen Frears	The Grifters
	Barbet Schroeder	Reversal of Fortune
	Martin Scorsese	Goodfellas
1991 (64th)	Jonathan Demme	The Silence of the Lambs	[76]
	Barry Levinson	Bugsy
	Ridley Scott	Thelma & Louise
	John Singleton	Boyz n the Hood
	Oliver Stone	JFK
1992 (65th)	Clint Eastwood	Unforgiven	[77]
	Robert Altman	The Player
	Martin Brest	Scent of a Woman
	James Ivory	Howards End
	Neil Jordan	The Crying Game
1993 (66th)	Steven Spielberg	Schindler's List	[78]
	Robert Altman	Short Cuts
	Jane Campion	The Piano
	James Ivory	The Remains of the Day
	Jim Sheridan	In the Name of the Father
1994 (67th)	Robert Zemeckis	Forrest Gump	[79]
	Woody Allen	Bullets over Broadway
	Krzysztof Kieślowski	Three Colours: Red
	Robert Redford	Quiz Show
	Quentin Tarantino	Pulp Fiction
1995 (68th)	Mel Gibson	Braveheart	[80]
	Mike Figgis	Leaving Las Vegas
	Chris Noonan	Babe
	Michael Radford	Il Postino: The Postman
	Tim Robbins	Dead Man Walking
1996 (69th)	Anthony Minghella	The English Patient	[81]
	Joel Coen	Fargo
	Miloš Forman	The People vs. Larry Flynt
	Scott Hicks	Shine
	Mike Leigh	Secrets & Lies
1997 (70th)	James Cameron	Titanic	[82]
	Peter Cattaneo	The Full Monty
	Atom Egoyan	The Sweet Hereafter
	Curtis Hanson	L.A. Confidential
	Gus Van Sant	Good Will Hunting
1998 (71st)	Steven Spielberg	Saving Private Ryan	[83]
	Roberto Benigni	Life Is Beautiful
	John Madden	Shakespeare in Love
	Terrence Malick	The Thin Red Line
	Peter Weir	The Truman Show
1999 (72nd)	Sam Mendes	American Beauty	[84]
	Lasse Hallström	The Cider House Rules
	Spike Jonze	Being John Malkovich
	Michael Mann	The Insider
	M. Night Shyamalan	The Sixth Sense

2000s

Year	Director(s)	Film	Ref.
2000 (73rd)	Steven Soderbergh	Traffic	[85]
	Stephen Daldry	Billy Elliot
	Ang Lee	Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon
	Ridley Scott	Gladiator
	Steven Soderbergh	Erin Brockovich
2001 (74th)	Ron Howard	A Beautiful Mind	[86]
	Robert Altman	Gosford Park
	Peter Jackson	The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring
	David Lynch	Mulholland Drive
	Ridley Scott	Black Hawk Down
2002 (75th)	Roman Polanski	The Pianist	[87]
	Pedro Almodóvar	Talk to Her
	Stephen Daldry	The Hours
	Rob Marshall	Chicago
	Martin Scorsese	Gangs of New York
2003 (76th)	Peter Jackson	The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King	[88]
	Sofia Coppola	Lost in Translation
	Clint Eastwood	Mystic River
	Fernando Meirelles	City of God
	Peter Weir	Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World
2004 (77th)	Clint Eastwood	Million Dollar Baby	[89]
	Taylor Hackford	Ray
	Mike Leigh	Vera Drake
	Alexander Payne	Sideways
	Martin Scorsese	The Aviator
2005 (78th)	Ang Lee	Brokeback Mountain	[90]
	George Clooney	Good Night, and Good Luck
	Paul Haggis	Crash
	Bennett Miller	Capote
	Steven Spielberg	Munich
2006 (79th)	Martin Scorsese	The Departed	[91]
	Clint Eastwood	Letters from Iwo Jima
	Stephen Frears	The Queen
	Paul Greengrass	United 93
	Alejandro González Iñárritu	Babel
2007 (80th)	Joel Coen and Ethan Coen	No Country for Old Men	[92]
	Paul Thomas Anderson	There Will Be Blood
	Tony Gilroy	Michael Clayton
	Jason Reitman	Juno
	Julian Schnabel	The Diving Bell and the Butterfly
2008 (81st)	Danny Boyle	Slumdog Millionaire	[93]
	Stephen Daldry	The Reader
	David Fincher	The Curious Case of Benjamin Button
	Ron Howard	Frost/Nixon
	Gus Van Sant	Milk
2009 (82nd)	Kathryn Bigelow	The Hurt Locker	[94]
	James Cameron	Avatar
	Lee Daniels	Precious
	Jason Reitman	Up in the Air
	Quentin Tarantino	Inglourious Basterds

2010s

Year	Director(s)	Film	Ref.
2010 (83rd)	Tom Hooper	The King's Speech	[95]
	Darren Aronofsky	Black Swan
	Joel Coen and Ethan Coen	True Grit
	David Fincher	The Social Network
	David O. Russell	The Fighter
2011 (84th)	Michel Hazanavicius	The Artist	[96]
	Woody Allen	Midnight in Paris
	Terrence Malick	The Tree of Life
	Alexander Payne	The Descendants
	Martin Scorsese	Hugo
2012 (85th)	Ang Lee	Life of Pi	[97]
	Michael Haneke	Amour
	David O. Russell	Silver Linings Playbook
	Steven Spielberg	Lincoln
	Benh Zeitlin	Beasts of the Southern Wild
2013 (86th)	Alfonso Cuarón	Gravity	[98]
	Steve McQueen	12 Years a Slave
	Alexander Payne	Nebraska
	David O. Russell	American Hustle
	Martin Scorsese	The Wolf of Wall Street
2014 (87th)	Alejandro G. Iñárritu	Birdman	[99]
	Wes Anderson	The Grand Budapest Hotel
	Richard Linklater	Boyhood
	Bennett Miller	Foxcatcher
	Morten Tyldum	The Imitation Game
2015 (88th)	Alejandro G. Iñárritu	The Revenant	[100]
	Lenny Abrahamson	Room
	Tom McCarthy	Spotlight
	Adam McKay	The Big Short
	George Miller	Mad Max: Fury Road
2016 (89th)	Damien Chazelle	La La Land	[101]
	Mel Gibson	Hacksaw Ridge
	Barry Jenkins	Moonlight
	Kenneth Lonergan	Manchester by the Sea
	Denis Villeneuve	Arrival
2017 (90th)	Guillermo del Toro	The Shape of Water	[102]
	Paul Thomas Anderson	Phantom Thread
	Greta Gerwig	Lady Bird
	Christopher Nolan	Dunkirk
	Jordan Peele	Get Out
2018 (91st)	Alfonso Cuarón	Roma	[103]
	Yorgos Lanthimos	The Favourite
	Spike Lee	BlacKkKlansman
	Adam McKay	Vice
	Paweł Pawlikowski	Cold War
2019 (92nd)	Bong Joon-ho	Parasite	[104]
	Sam Mendes	1917
	Todd Phillips	Joker
	Martin Scorsese	The Irishman
	Quentin Tarantino	Once Upon a Time in Hollywood

2020s

Year	Director(s)	Film	Ref.
2020 [e] (93rd)	Chloé Zhao	Nomadland	[105]
	Lee Isaac Chung	Minari
	Emerald Fennell	Promising Young Woman
	David Fincher	Mank
	Thomas Vinterberg	Another Round
2021 (94th)	Jane Campion	The Power of the Dog	[106]
	Paul Thomas Anderson	Licorice Pizza
	Kenneth Branagh	Belfast
	Ryusuke Hamaguchi	Drive My Car
	Steven Spielberg	West Side Story
2022 (95th)	Daniel Kwan and Daniel Scheinert	Everything Everywhere All at Once	[107]
	Todd Field	Tár
	Martin McDonagh	The Banshees of Inisherin
	Ruben Östlund	Triangle of Sadness
	Steven Spielberg	The Fabelmans
2023 (96th)	Christopher Nolan	Oppenheimer	[108]
	Jonathan Glazer	The Zone of Interest
	Yorgos Lanthimos	Poor Things
	Martin Scorsese	Killers of the Flower Moon
	Justine Triet	Anatomy of a Fall

Multiple wins and nominations

Multiple wins Wins Director 4 John Ford 3 Frank Capra William Wyler 2 Ang Lee Frank Borzage Alfonso Cuarón Clint Eastwood Miloš Forman Alejandro G. Iñárritu Elia Kazan David Lean Frank Lloyd[b] Joseph L. Mankiewicz Leo McCarey Lewis Milestone Steven Spielberg George Stevens Oliver Stone Billy Wilder Robert Wise[f] Fred Zinnemann

Three or more nominations Nominations Director 12 William Wyler 10 Martin Scorsese 9 Steven Spielberg 8 Billy Wilder 7 Woody Allen David Lean Fred Zinnemann 6 Frank Capra 5 Robert Altman Clarence Brown[c] George Cukor John Ford Alfred Hitchcock John Huston Elia Kazan George Stevens King Vidor 4 Francis Ford Coppola Michael Curtiz[d] Clint Eastwood Federico Fellini Stanley Kubrick Frank Lloyd[b] Sidney Lumet Joseph L. Mankiewicz Mike Nichols Peter Weir 3 Paul Thomas Anderson Ingmar Bergman Richard Brooks Joel Coen[g] Stephen Daldry David Fincher Miloš Forman Bob Fosse Alejandro González Iñárritu James Ivory Norman Jewison Stanley Kramer Ang Lee Ernst Lubitsch David Lynch Leo McCarey Lewis Milestone Alexander Payne Arthur Penn Roman Polanski Sydney Pollack Carol Reed David O. Russell John Schlesinger Ridley Scott Oliver Stone Quentin Tarantino William A. Wellman Robert Wise[f] Sam Wood

Age superlatives

Main article: List of oldest and youngest Academy Award winners and nominees § Best Director

Record	Director	Film	Age	Ref.
Oldest winner	Clint Eastwood	Million Dollar Baby	74 years, 272 days	[109]
Oldest nominee	Martin Scorsese	Killers of the Flower Moon	81 years, 67 days	[110]
Youngest winner	Damien Chazelle	La La Land	32 years, 38 days	[109]
Youngest nominee	John Singleton	Boyz n the Hood	24 years, 44 days	[109]

Records

• John Ford has received the most awards in this category, with four. Frank Capra and William Wyler won three each.
• David Lean was the first non-American to win the award when he won in 1958 for The Bridge on the River Kwai. He would repeat this in 1963 with Lawrence of Arabia. This made him the first non-American to win the award twice, it would not be until Ang Lee 49 years later for another non-American to win the award twice. Since then Alfonso Cuarón and Alejandro González Iñárritu have added their names to this list.
• William Wyler has the most nominations, with 12, including a record four years in a row. Martin Scorsese is currently second, with 10.
• Clarence Brown received the most nominations without a win (6). Alfred Hitchcock and King Vidor each received five nominations without a win.
• Damien Chazelle is the youngest winner, at the age of 32 for La La Land.
• John Singleton is the youngest (and first Black) nominee, at age 24 for Boyz n the Hood.
• Four directing teams have been nominated together (a total of five times): Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins for West Side Story (1961), Warren Beatty and Buck Henry for Heaven Can Wait (1978), Joel and Ethan Coen for No Country for Old Men (2007) and True Grit (2010), and Daniel Kwan and Daniel Scheinert for Everything Everywhere All at Once (2022). Of these, Wise and Robbins, the Coens (2007), and Kwan and Scheinert won the award.
• Six directors won the award for their feature film debut: Delbert Mann for Marty (1955), Jerome Robbins for West Side Story (1961), Robert Redford for Ordinary People (1980), James L. Brooks for Terms of Endearment (1983), Kevin Costner for Dances With Wolves (1990), and Sam Mendes for American Beauty (1999).
• Only one director won for his only career directing credit: Jerome Robbins for West Side Story.
• Four directors have twice won for films that did not win Best Picture: Frank Borzage, George Stevens, Ang Lee, and Alfonso Cuarón; John Ford did so three times.
• The Coen Brothers are the only siblings to have won the award.^[111]
• Lina Wertmüller was the first woman nominated in the category, for Seven Beauties (1976). Kathryn Bigelow became the first woman to win the award, for The Hurt Locker (2009).
• Francis Ford Coppola is the only director to be nominated for each film of a trilogy, The Godfather trilogy, winning for the second film.
• John Ford (1940–1941), Joseph L. Mankiewicz (1949–1950), and Alejandro González Iñárritu (2014–2015) are the only directors to have won the award in two consecutive years.
• Ang Lee was the first Asian director to win the award, for Brokeback Mountain. He won again for Life of Pi (2012).
• Alfonso Cuarón was the first Mexican (and Latin American) director to win the award, for Gravity. He won again for Roma (2018).
• Chloé Zhao was the first woman of color to win the award, for Nomadland (2020).

Notes

1. The Circus originally received a nomination for Best Director (Comedy Picture), as well as nominations for Best Actor and Best Writing (Original Story), all for Charlie Chaplin. However, the Academy subsequently decided to remove Chaplin's name from the competitive award categories and instead to confer upon him a Special Award "for acting, writing, directing and producing The Circus".
2. The 2nd Academy Awards is the only ceremony for which there were no official nominees. Subsequent research by AMPAS has resulted in a list of unofficial or de facto nominees, based on records of which films were evaluated by the judges. While Frank Lloyd won for The Divine Lady, his other two nominated films are considered to be a single combined nomination.
3. According to the Oscars.org database, Brown's directing nomination counts as one singular, joint, cumulative nomination for two films. This same recognition was applicable to all nominees, such as to Greta Garbo's acting nominations from the same respective films; as well as acting winners, Norma Shearer and George Arliss. No explanation was given for why the latter two were nominated with two films, yet only awarded for one each.
4. Michael Curtiz was not on the original ballot of nominees. However, after the year prior with Bette Davis's omission for Of Human Bondage, the resulting furor led to a write-in campaign determined to secure her a nomination. Thus, the Academy relaxed their rules and allowed her performance to be amongst the competition. They permitted this once more, prompting further submissions: Curtiz; Paul Muni for Black Fury; and several other categories, including Hal Mohr for A Midsummer Night's Dream. Ultimately, Mohr became the only person to win an Oscar as a result of this process. The Academy discontinued this option from the next ceremony forward to prevent any recurrence.
5. The eligibility period for the 93rd ceremony was extended through to February 28, 2021, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
6. Wise earned two individual nominations (resulting in one win); and one joint nomination with Jerome Robbins, which also resulted in the pair of them winning.
7. While the Coen Brothers, as a directing duo, earned two nominations, their work on Fargo was credited as being split apart: Ethan was given sole producer credit, while Joel was listed as the sole director. Joel thus has one additional directing nomination combined with his work as part of their dual efforts.

See also

• BAFTA Award for Best Direction
• Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Director
• Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Feature Film
• Golden Globe Award for Best Director
• Independent Spirit Award for Best Director
• List of Academy Award–nominated films

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Bibliography

• Crouse, Richard (2005). Reel Winners: Movie Award Trivia. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-1-55002-574-3.
• Levy, Emanuel (2003). All About Oscar: The History and Politics of the Academy Awards. New York, United States: Continuum International Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-8264-1452-6.

External links

• Oscars.org (official Academy site)
• The Academy Awards Database (official site)
• Oscar.com Archived March 4, 2009, at the Wayback Machine (official ceremony promotional site)