Oryzias

Oryzias is a genus of ricefishes native to fresh and brackish water in east and south Asia.^[4] Some species are widespread and the Japanese rice fish (O. latipes) is commonly used in science as a model organism, while others have very small ranges and are threatened.^[4] They are small, up to 8 cm (3.1 in) long, and most are relatively plain in colour.^[5]

Oryzias
Japanese rice fish (O. latipes)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Beloniformes
Family:	Adrianichthyidae
Subfamily:	Oryziinae Myers,1938[1]
Genus:	Oryzias D. S. Jordan & Snyder, 1906
Type species
Poecila latipes (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846)[2]
Synonyms[3]
Horaichthys Kulkarni, 1940 Xenopoecilus Regan, 1911

The genus name Oryzias is a reference to the scientific name for rice, Oryza.^[4]

They have an unusual reproductive behavior where the female facultatively (optionally) carries the eggs in a cluster at the pelvic or anal fins for a period after they have been fertilized.^[4][6]

Species

Oryzias mekongensis

Oryzias nigrimas

Oryzias sarasinorum

Oryzias woworae

These are the currently recognized species in this genus:^[5]

• Oryzias asinua Parenti, Hadiaty, Lumbantobing & Herder, 2013^[7]
• Oryzias bonneorum Parenti, 2008^[4]
• Oryzias carnaticus Jerdon, 1849
• Oryzias celebensis M. C. W. Weber, 1894 (Celebes medaka)
• Oryzias curvinotus Nichols & C. H. Pope, 1927
• Oryzias dancena F. Hamilton, 1822
• Oryzias dopingdopingensis Mandagi, Mokodongan, Tanaka & Yamahira, 2018^[8]
• Oryzias eversi Herder, Hadiaty & Nolte, 2012^[6]
• Oryzias hadiatyae Herder & Chapuis, 2010 (Renny's ricefish)^[9]
• Oryzias haugiangensis Roberts, 1998
• Oryzias hubbsi Roberts, 1998
• Oryzias javanicus Bleeker, 1854 (Javanese ricefish)
• Oryzias kalimpaaensis Gani, Suhendra, Herder, Schwarzer, Möhring, Montenegro, Herjayanto & Mokodongan, 2022^[10]
• Oryzias landangiensis Utama, Mandagi, Lawelle, Masengi, Watanabe, Sawada, Nagano, Kusumi & Yamahira, 2022^[11]
• Oryzias latipes Temminck & Schlegel, 1846 (Japanese ricefish)
• Oryzias loxolepis Hirozumi Kobayashi, Mokodongan, Horoiwa, Fujimoto, Tanaka, Masengi & Yamahira, 2023^[12]
• Oryzias luzonensis Herre & Ablan, 1934
• Oryzias marmoratus Aurich, 1935 (Marmorated medaka)
• Oryzias matanensis Aurich, 1935 (Matano medaka)
• Oryzias mekongensis Uwa & Magtoon, 1986^[13]
• Oryzias melastigma McClelland, 1839
• Oryzias minutillus H. M. Smith, 1945 (Dwarf medaka)
• Oryzias moramoensis Utama, Mokodongan, Lawelle, Masengi & Yamahira, 2024^[14]
• Oryzias nebulosus Parenti & Soeroto, 2004^[15]
• Oryzias nigrimas Kottelat, 1990 (black buntingi)
• Oryzias orthognathus Kottelat, 1990 (Sharp-jawed buntingi)
• Oryzias pectoralis T. R. Roberts, 1998
• Oryzias polylepis Möhring, Mokodongan, Gani, Wowor, Annawaty, Böhne & Herder, 2025^[16]
• Oryzias profundicola Kottelat, 1990 (Yellow finned medaka)
• Oryzias sakaizumii T. Asai, Senou & K. Hosoya, 2012 (Northern medaka)
• Oryzias sarasinorum Popta, 1905 (Sarasins minnow)
• Oryzias setnai Kulkarni, 1940 (Malabar ricefish)
• Oryzias sinensis Y. R. Chen, Uwa & X. L. Chu, 1989
• Oryzias soerotoi Mokodongan, Tanaka & Yamahira, 2014^[17]
• Oryzias songkhramensis Magtoon, 2010
• Oryzias timorensis Weber & de Beaufort, 1922
• Oryzias uwai Roberts, 1998
• Oryzias wolasi Parenti, Hadiaty, Lumbantobing & Herder, 2013^[7]
• Oryzias woworae Parenti & Hadiaty, 2010