Opalina

Opalina is a genus of parasitic heterokonts found in the intestines of frogs and toads. They lack mouths and contractile vacuoles, they are covered with nearly equal flagelliform cilia, and they have numerous nuclei, all similar.^[1] All the species are obligate endosymbionts, most likely commensal rather than parasitic, in cold-blooded vertebrates. Its body is leaflike in shape. They lack cytostomes. They are saprozoic, consuming dead matter, which suggests their commensal role. They propagate by means of plasmotomy. The body is flattened, leaf-like and oval in outline and covered by thin pellicle. Nutrition is by pinocytosis. There are several small, spherical and similar sized nuclei present in the endoplasm. The nuclei are evenly distributed. The animal reproduces by longitudinal and transverse binary fission, or by plasmotomy in which the cell division is repeated again and again without division of nuclei. The daughter cells encysted and pass out in the faecal matter of the host.

Opalina
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Clade:	Diaphoretickes
Clade:	SAR
Clade:	Stramenopiles
Phylum:	Bigyra
Class:	Opalinea
Order:	Opalinida
Family:	Opalinidae
Genus:	Opalina Purkinye & Valentin, 1835

An example of a species is Opalina ranarum.^[2]

References

1.  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Opalina". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 121.
2. Woolley DM (November 2006). "Newly discovered linkages between the cortical (pellicular) ridges of Opalina". Eur. J. Protistol. 42 (4): 309–11. doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2006.08.002. PMID 17113476.