Oil war
Term used for any conflict about petroleum From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
An oil war is a conflict about petroleum resources, or their transportation, consumption, or regulation. The term may also refer generally to any conflict in a region that contains oil reserves or is geographically positioned in a location where an entity has or may wish to develop production or transportation infrastructure for petroleum products. It is also used to refer to any of a number of specific oil wars.
Research by Emily Meierding has characterized oil wars as largely a myth.[1] She argues that proponents of oil wars underestimate the ability to seize and exploit foreign oil fields, and thus exaggerate the value of oil wars. She has examined four cases commonly described as oil wars (Japan's attack on the Dutch East Indies in World War II, Iraq's invasion of Kuwait, the Iran-Iraq War, and the Chaco War between Bolivia and Paraguay), finding that control of additional oil resources was not the main cause of aggression in the conflicts.[2]
A 2024 study found that the presence of oil in contested territory can make states less likely to seek to acquire the territory.[3]
List of wars described as oil wars
- During World War I (1914–1918), certain operations were planned specifically to secure oil resources.[4]
- Chaco War (1932–1935)
- World War II (1939–1945):
- Events leading to the attack on Pearl Harbor (1941–1945)[5]
- Biafran War, also known as the Nigerian Civil War (1967–1970)
- Wars related to Saddam Hussein
- Iran–Iraq War (1980–1988)[6]
- Gulf War (1990–1991)
- Iraqi no-fly zones conflicts (1992–2003)[7]
- Iraq War (2003–2011)[8]
- Conflict in the Niger Delta (2004–present)
- Heglig Crisis, South Sudan–Sudan border conflict (2012)
See also
References
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